Bruce was born in Monterey, California, to Mary Ann and George W. Bruce.[1] She is one of five children.[1] When she was in middle school, her family moved from Monterey to Coronado, California, because of her father's job with the United States Navy as a commanding officer of the USS Ticonderoga and USS St. Louis.[1] As a teenager, Bruce worked at a local movie theater, where her brother paid her a dollar per hour to mop the floor; she has joked that it was her "first job in the movie business".[2]
Bruce began working as a film producer in 1992, when she and Robert Nickson—Bruce's NYU professor and mentor—founded the production company Orenda Films and produced Pen Pals.[1][2] Orenda Films later produced The Search for One-eye Jimmy (1994), Bye Bye America [de] (1994), and No Way Home (1996). In 1999, Bruce co-produced the independent film Tumbleweeds, which won numerous awards and accolades. She went on to executive-produce The Emperor's Club (2002), A Lot like Love (2005), Fighting (2009), Case 39 (2009), and Arthur Newman (2012). Working with HBO, she also produced the telefilms Walkout (2006), about the East L.A. walkouts in 1968, and Mary and Martha (2013), about two female malaria activists.