Lina Merlin

Lina Merlin
Member of the Chamber of Deputies
In office 12 June 1958 – 15 May 1963
Constituency	Verona
Member of the Senate of the Republic
In office 8 May 1948 – 11 June 1958
Constituency	Veneto
Member of the Constituent Assembly
In office 25 June 1946 – 31 January 1948
Constituency	Italy at-large
Personal details
Born	Angelina Merlin (1887-10-15)15 October 1887 Pozzonovo, Kingdom of Italy
Died	16 August 1979(1979-08-16) (aged 91) Padua, Italy
Political party	Italian Socialist Party
Spouse	Dante Gallani ​ ​ (m. 1933; died 1936)​

Angelina "Lina" Merlin (15 October 1887 – 16 August 1979) was an Italian politician, perhaps best known for authoring and promoting the so-called "Merlin law" which abolished state-regulated prostitution in Italy. She was also an activist and educator, and took part in the Italian resistance movement.^[1][2]

The daughter of Giustina Poli, a teacher, and Fruttuoso Merlin, secretary for the municipality, she was born in Pozzonovo, and grew up in Chioggia. In 1907, she received her diploma, qualifying her to teach elementary school. In 1914, she received her qualification to teach French in middle school, but preferred to continue to teach elementary school. In March 1926, because she refused to take an oath of loyalty to Italy's Fascist government, she was removed from her teaching position. In November of that year, she was sentenced to five years in prison; her sentence was reduced, and she returned to Padua in November 1929. She moved to Milan in 1930; to support herself, she gave private lessons in French.^[1]

In 1919, she joined the Italian Socialist Party (PSI). Merlin contributed to the socialist weekly Eco dei lavoratori, and the periodical La Difesa delle lavoratrici. During World War II, she took part in the resistance against the fascists. She participated in the founding of the Gruppi di difesa della donna [it], women's defence groups. In 1944, she helped found the Unione donne italiane [it], and served three terms as its president.^[1]

In 1946, she was elected to the Constituent Assembly of Italy, as a member of the PSI. She was instrumental in ensuring that the rights of women and children were protected in the new constitution. In 1948, she was elected to the Italian Senate of the Republic; she was re-elected in 1953. Merlin retired from the Socialist Party in 1961, and did not run for re-election after her term of office ended in 1963.^[1]

The bill to abolish the regulation of prostitution in Italy (Law No. 75/1958) was introduced in 1948, and, after a long and difficult process, was finally passed in early 1958 and came into effect in September of that year.^[1][2]

Merlin served on the Chioggia municipal council from 1951 to 1955.^[1]

She met Dante Gallani [it] in Milan; the couple married in 1933, but Gallani died three years later.^[1]

Merlin died in Padua at the age of 91.^[1]

Electoral history

Election	House	Constituency	Party		Votes	Result
1946	Constituent Assembly	Verona–Padua–Vicenza–Rovigo		PSIUP	5,914	N Not elected
		Italy at-large			–[a]	Y Elected
1948	Senate of the Republic	Veneto – Adria		FDP	40,323	Y Elected
1953	Senate of the Republic	Veneto – Rovigo		PSI	20,209	Y Elected
1958	Chamber of Deputies	Verona–Padua–Vicenza–Rovigo		PSI	7,786	Y Elected

1. Elected in a closed list proportional representation system.

References

1. "Merlin, Angelina". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). 2009.
2. "Lina Merlin". The Florentine. June 28, 2007.