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Input to a cryptographic primitive In cryptography, an initialization vector (IV) or starting variable[1] is an input to a cryptographic primitive being used to provide the initial state. The IV is typically required to be random or pseudorandom, but sometimes an IV only needs to be unpredictable or unique. Randomization is crucial for some encryption schemes to achieve semantic security, a property whereby repeated usage of the scheme under the same key does not allow an attacker to ...
Den här artikeln behöver fler eller bättre källhänvisningar för att kunna verifieras. Motivering: Fler oberoende tredjepartskällor behövs. Artikeln grundas främst på källor utgivna av själva organisationen. (2022-10) Åtgärda genom att lägga till pålitliga källor (gärna som fotnoter). Uppgifter utan källhänvisning kan ifrågasättas och tas bort utan att det behöver diskuteras på diskussionssidan. Läkare utan gränser FörkortningMSFBildad1971GrundareBernard KouchnerTypi...
Flow of energy through food chains in ecological energetics For other uses, see Energy flow. A food pyramid and a corresponding food web, demonstrating some of the simpler patterns in a food web. A graphic representation of energy transfer between trophic layers in an ecosystem. Energy flow is the flow of energy through living things within an ecosystem.[1] All living organisms can be organized into producers and consumers, and those producers and consumers can further be organized in...
Water supply and sanitation in VietnamDataAccess to an improved water source98% (2015) [1]Continuity of supply21.6 hours per day on average in 68 cities (2009), often at low pressureAverage urban water use (L/person/day)50 (2004 in small towns),[2] 80−130 (2009 in towns and cities) [3]Average urban water and sanitation tariff (US$/m3)0.26 (2009) [4]Share of household metering96% in cities (2009) [3]Annual investment in WSSUS$156 million per year (aver...
The Fijian records in swimming are the fastest ever performances of swimmers from Fiji, which are recognised and ratified by Fiji Swimming. All records were set in finals unless noted otherwise. Long Course (50 m) Men Event Time Name Club Date Meet Location Ref 50m freestyle 23.18 h Meli Malani Lake Erie Silver 31 March 2016 Speedo Sectionals Geneva, United States [1] 50m freestyle 22.87 h, # David Young Fiji 28 July 2023 World Championships Fukuoka, Japan [2] 100m frees...
Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Sukiyaki (disambiguasi). Sukiyaki Sukiyaki (すき焼き, スキヤキcode: ja is deprecated ) adalah irisan tipis daging sapi, sayur-sayuran, dan tahu di dalam panci besi yang dimasak di atas meja makan dengan cara direbus. Sukiyaki dimakan dengan mencelup irisan daging ke dalam kocokan telur ayam. Sayur-sayuran untuk Sukiyaki misalnya bawang bombay, daun bawang, sawi putih, shungiku (nama daun dari pohon keluarga seruni), jamur shiitake, dan jamur enoki. Sebagai p...
مسييه 103 بيانات المراقبة (الدهر: حقبة) الكوكبة ذات الكرسي[1] المطلع المستقيم 01س 33.2د الميل °+60 ′42 البعد 10 آلاف سنة ضوئية (3 kpc[2]) القدر الظاهري (V) 7.72 ، و7.4 تسميات أخرى M103 - NGC 581 أنظر أيضًا: تجمع مفتوح، قائمة التجمعات المفتوحة تعديل مصدري - تعديل مسييه 103 ...
У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Солянка (значения). ХуторСолянка 49°44′37″ с. ш. 45°22′57″ в. д.HGЯO Страна Россия Субъект Федерации Волгоградская область Муниципальный район Быковский Городское поселение Быковское История и география Площадь 0,...
Law of the Republic of China (Taiwan) governing its relations with the People's Republic of China Cross-Strait ActLegislative Yuan Long title Act Governing Relations between the People of the Taiwan Area and the Mainland Area CitationLaws and regulations databasePassed16 July 1992 (1992-07-16)Commenced31 July 1992 (1992-07-31)Related legislationAdditional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of ChinaKeywordsCross-Strait relations, Taiwanese people, Chines...
Coptops Coptops leucostictica Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Arthropoda Kelas: Insecta Ordo: Coleoptera Famili: Cerambycidae Genus: Coptops Coptops adalah genus kumbang tanduk panjang yang tergolong famili Cerambycidae. Genus ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Coleoptera, kelas Insecta, filum Arthropoda, dan kingdom Animalia. Larva kumbang dalam genus ini biasanya mengebor ke dalam kayu dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada batang kayu hidup atau kayu yang telah ditebang. Refere...
This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources. Find sources: Grand Central Partnership – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Grand Central PartnershipFounded1985[1]FocusThe care of the Business Improvement District surrounding Grand Central Terminal stretching, roughly, from 35th to...
Indian-Bhojpuri quiz show This article may rely excessively on sources too closely associated with the subject, potentially preventing the article from being verifiable and neutral. Please help improve it by replacing them with more appropriate citations to reliable, independent, third-party sources. (November 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Ke Bani CrorepatiBhojpuriके बनी क्रोरेपती GenreQuiz showPresented byShatrughan SinhaCountry of ori...
Fictional character from Boruto Fictional character Momoshiki OtsutsukiNaruto, Boruto: Naruto Next Generations characterMomoshiki Otsutsuki as designed by Tetsuya NishioFirst appearanceBoruto: Naruto the Movie (2015)Created byMasashi KishimotoDesigned byMasashi Kishimoto, Mikio IkemotoVoiced byDaisuke Namikawa (Japanese) Xander Mobus (English) Momoshiki Otsutsuki (Japanese: 大筒木 モモシキ, Hepburn: Ōtsutsuki Momoshiki) is a fictional character, first introduced in Pierrot's 2015 anim...
بطولة ويمبلدون 1878 رقم الفعالية 2 البلد المملكة المتحدة لبريطانيا العظمى وأيرلندا التاريخ 1878 الرياضة كرة المضرب الفعاليات 1878 بطولة ويمبلدون – فردي [لغات أخرى] تعديل مصدري - تعديل يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطو...
1940 battle between the Allies and Germany in France This article is about the Second World War battle in 1940. For details about the major evacuation of Allied troops from Dunkirk, see Dunkirk evacuation. For the other battles of the name, see Battle of Dunkirk (disambiguation). Battle of DunkirkPart of the Battle of France in the Second World WarSoldiers from the British Expeditionary Force fire at low flying German aircraft during the Dunkirk evacuation – Soldiers were strafed and bombed...
Fictional DC comics character, created 1985 Comics character Superboy-PrimeSuperboy-Prime in his Anti-Monitor inspired armor. Cover to Infinite Crisis #6 (2006).Publication informationPublisherDC ComicsFirst appearanceDC Comics Presents #87 (November 1985)Created byElliot S. Maggin Curt SwanIn-story informationAlter egoKal-ElClark KentSpeciesKryptonianPlace of originEarth Prime, born on Krypton of same universeTeam affiliationsSinestro CorpsLegion of Super-VillainsLegion of DoomRed Lantern Co...
American film director For the explorer, see Richard Maurice (explorer). Richard D. MauriceRichard D. Maurice in a scene from the film Eleven P.M.Born(1893-06-14)June 14, 1893Matanzas, CubaDiedFebruary 5, 1955(1955-02-05) (aged 61)[1]New York City[1]Occupation(s)Film director, union organizerNotable workEleven P.M.Spouse(s)Vivian Irene Birdie I. MadisonChildrenRichard D. Maurice, Jr. (b. 1916)Wanda Irene Maurice (b. 1923) Richard D. Maurice (June 14, 1893 – February 5, ...
American fast casual restaurant chain Wayback BurgersWayback Burgers, Winschoten, NetherlandsFormerlyJake's Hamburgers (1991-2010)Jake's Wayback Burgers (2010-2014)TypePrivateIndustryFast Casual RestaurantFounded1991; 32 years ago (1991) (as Jake's Hamburgers)Newark, Delaware, U.S.HeadquartersCheshire, Connecticut, U.S.Number of locations156Area servedUnited StatesCanadaArgentinaBruneiMoroccoKuwaitSaudi ArabiaThe NetherlandsSudanIrelandPakistanSouth AfricaBangladeshJapanKey ...
Destination marketing organization of New Zealand The mountainside resort town of Queenstown Tourism New Zealand is the marketing agency responsible for promoting New Zealand as a tourism destination internationally. It is the trading name of the New Zealand Tourism Board,[1] a Crown entity established under the New Zealand Tourism Board Act 1991. The Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment; (previously the New Zealand Ministry of Tourism) is the government department tasked w...
Node with a number of links that greatly exceeds the average Network hub redirects here. For the Ethernet technology, see Ethernet hub. In network science, a hub is a node with a number of links that greatly exceeds the average. Emergence of hubs is a consequence of a scale-free property of networks.[1]: 27 While hubs cannot be observed in a random network, they are expected to emerge in scale-free networks. The uprise of hubs in scale-free networks is associated with...
Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!