Kaizhou District (Chinese: 开州区), formerly known as Kai County, Kaixian or Kaihsien (Chinese: 开县) is a district under the jurisdiction of ChongqingMunicipality, in southwestern China, bordering Sichuan province to the west. It has an area of 3,959 square km. As of the end of 2009, it had a population of 1.62 million. It is located 330 kilometers from the urban centre of Chongqing proper.
History
The county has a history dating back some 1800 years.
In 1373, during the Ming Dynasty, it adopted the name Kaizhou.
In the summer of 1907, there were disturbances in Kai County.[2] Around that time, government schools, Roman Catholic premises and China Inland Mission property as well as the homes of many Chinese Christians in Kai County were successively looted and destroyed.[3]
Li Ching-Yuen, known for his supposed extreme longevity, died in Kai County in 1933.[4]
Map of present-day Kaizhou (labeled as K’AI-HSIEN (walled) 開縣) and nearby areas (1954)
Unusual rain patterns and flooding in the Summer of 1982 led to land subsidence. It was reported in the September 6, 1982 edition of the Sichuan Daily that, "In the fourth Tuoxiang brigade, Hujia commune, Yuexi District, Kai County, more than 300 mu of land subsided; and 310 houses owned by a commune unit, a supply and marketing cooperative, 10 units and 16 commune households all subsided."[5]
Until 2004 the county was one of the poorest in the municipality, home to some 10% of Chongqing municipality residents that lived in poverty. The government has attempted to remedy this in recent years.[6]
In the March 27, 2015 edition of Beijing Today, Kai County was noted as "the nation's largest exporter of migrant labor. There were 535,000 from that county in 2014, and 15 percent were older than 50. In Fengcun Village, half the villagers are migrant workers."[7]
Kaizhou has been developing rapidly in recent years as the government works to maintain Hanfeng lake and encourage more people to invest in Kaizhou.[citation needed]
Administrative divisions
As of 2018, Kaizhou District administered seven subdistricts, twenty-six towns and seven townships.[1][8][9]
^ abcd开州区历史沿革 [Kaizhou District Historical Development] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 17 March 2019. 2006年末，全县总面积3959平方千米。{...}2010年第六次人口普查，开县常住总人口1160336人，其中：镇东街道18819人，丰乐街道19851人，白鹤街道40937人，汉丰街道85107人，文峰街道69747人，云枫街道41674人，赵家街道39910人，郭家镇31394人，温泉镇39402人，铁桥镇42085人，南雅镇28382人，和谦镇20632人，镇安镇15452人，竹溪镇22900人，渠口镇14437人，厚坝镇17358人，高桥镇23608人，义和镇26313人，大进镇32213人，长沙镇47170人，临江镇71149人，敦好镇36863人，中和镇43318人，岳溪镇47802人，南门镇40941人，河堰镇19589人，九龙山镇32696人，白桥镇13796人，天和镇14818人，金峰镇13355人，谭家镇15261人，巫山镇19829人，大德镇31548人，白泉乡8229人，关面乡7127人，满月乡10057人，五通乡5530人，麻柳乡17451人，紫水乡20396人，三汇口乡13190人。
^开州概况--行政区划 [Kaizhou Overview--Administrative Divisions] (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 22 March 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2019. 全区共40个街道镇乡，其中街道7个：汉丰街道、文峰街道、云枫街道、镇东街道、丰乐街道、白鹤街道、赵家街道；镇26个：大德镇、镇安镇、厚坝镇、金峰镇、温泉镇、郭家镇、白桥镇、和谦镇、河堰镇、大进镇、谭家镇、敦好镇、高桥镇、九龙山镇、天和镇、中和镇、义和镇、临江镇、竹溪镇、铁桥镇、南雅镇、巫山镇、岳溪镇、长沙镇、南门镇、渠口镇；乡7个：满月乡、关面乡、白泉乡、麻柳乡、紫水乡、三汇口乡、五通乡。 2016年8月部分村居建制调整后，全区共辖427个行政村、107个社区。
^shi, Guo wu yuan ren kou pu cha ban gong; council, Guo jia tong ji ju ren kou he jiu ye tong ji si bian = Tabulation on the 2010 population census of the people's republic of China by township / compiled by Population census office under the state; population, Department of; statistics, employment statistics national bureau of (2012). Zhongguo 2010 nian ren kou pu cha fen xiang, zhen, jie dao zi liao (Di 1 ban. ed.). Beijing Shi: Zhongguo tong ji chu ban she. ISBN978-7-5037-6660-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
