Kaiser's Cup

Kaiser's Cup was a yachting race across the Atlantic between Sandy Hook, New Jersey (USA) and The Lizard (Cornwall, England). This was a famous sailing race of the day, and was won by the yacht Atlantic which held the record for nearly a century^[1][2]

In 1905 out of eleven contenders, it was won by the yacht Atlantic, which set a record time of 12 days and 4 hours.^[3] for the crossing. The race was the subject of the 1905 silent film Start of Ocean Race for Kaiser's Cup, and the book, Atlantic: The Last Great Race of Princes. Second place was taken by the yacht Hamburg. Third place went to the RSY Valhalla who despite being by far the largest participant, came in a respectable ‘’easy third’’, having crossed the Atlantic under sail in 14 days and 2 hours.^[4] News of the race was published in the New York Times the London Times ,^[3] and the Los Angeles Herald newspapers.^[5]

The Imperial German cruiser SMS Pfeil greeted the competitors at the end of the race, and the yachts crossed between land and the ship.^[5] The Atlantic was captained by Charlie Barr and directed by navigator and tactician Frederick Maxfield Hoyt, who also helped design her^[6] and was sailed to victory with a clear lead – the next contender did not come in for another day.^[5][7] This was roughly a 3000 nautical mile race, and Atlantic had averaged about 10 knots.^[7] This record for a sailing monohull on this route stood until 2002.^[7]

Some of the back history of this type of racing goes back to the 1860s, when some sailing yacht clubs raced across the Atlantic ocean,^[5] so the type of race had some popularity, and yacht racing was popular among European heads of state.^[5] In this case, the Kaiser of Germany wanted to sponsor a race of this type and his entry would be the yacht Hamburg (previously known as Rainbow).^[5] He put no restrictions on size or rig, and there was no handicap.^[5] In this type of racing, the yacht and crew were sponsored by the patron who did not necessarily go on the voyage, rather their boats and crews competed against each other.^[5] The yachts were not necessarily stripped down racers; one contender had amenities such as a grand piano, a dining room for 30, and fireplaces.^[5] Even the Atlantic, which was commissioned in 1903 was intended for taking the owner for trips around Europe - fast but also well equipped with steam heating and refrigeration, steam-powered winches, a mahogany interior, and three interior bathrooms, with a crew of about 40.^[8]

Contenders

The race had 11 contenders with different types of sailing vessels.^[5]

Contenders:^[5][9]

• Ailsa
• Apache
• Atlantic^[5]
• Endymion
• Fleur de Lys^[5]
• Hamburg^[5]
• Hildegarde
• Sunbeam^[10]
• Thistle
• Utowana
• Valhalla^[5]
• Volunteer

Centenary

The 2005 Rolex Transatlantic Challenge celebrated the 100th year anniversary of the race, and a new record was set by the Mari-Cha IV.

References

1. "Atlantic reincarnated". Yachting World. Archived from the original on 2007-10-31.
2. Ramsey, Nancy (2005-06-02). "YACHT RACING; Schooner Breaks Century-Old Record for Crossing the Atlantic". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
3. "ATLANTIC WINS THE KAISER'S CUP; Breaks Record Across the Atlantic to the Lizard. TAKES 12 DAYS AND 4 HOURS None of the Other Competing Yachts Sighted -- Atlantic's Best Run, 341 Knots. ATLANTIC WINS THE KAISER'S CUP". The New York Times. 30 May 1905. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
4. Chatterton, Edward Keble (1909). Sailing Ships: The story of their Development from the Earliest Times to the Present Day. Unikum (16 Jan. 2015). p. 330. ISBN 3845710772. Retrieved 15 April 2018.
5. Seamarsh (14 November 2014). "The Kaiser's Cup Transatlantic Race of 1905". www.sea-to-summit.net. Marsh's Maritime Media. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
6. "Quindecennial record of the class of 1895 Sheffield scientific school of Yale University". www.archive.org. Yale University. 1912. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
7. David Berson (30 September 2014). "October 2014 Issue 221: The Kaiser's Cup". www.oceannavigator.com. Navigator Publishing. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
8. "History of the Schooner Atlantic, circa 1903". www.schooner-atlantic.com. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
9. Chelsea Smith (21 September 2010). "Sailing schooner Atlantic's Mediterranean debut at Regates Royales Trophee Panerai". www.charterworld.com. CharterWorld LLP. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
10. "Los Angeles Herald 18 May 1905 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". Archived from the original on 2018-04-12. Retrieved 2018-04-11.