Ischigualastia

Ischigualastia Temporal range: Late Carnian to Early Norian ~231.5–223 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Mounted skeleton of Ischigualastia jenseni
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Synapsida
Clade:	Therapsida
Suborder:	†Anomodontia
Clade:	†Dicynodontia
Family:	†Stahleckeriidae
Subfamily:	†Stahleckeriinae
Genus:	†Ischigualastia Cox 1962
Type species
†Ischigualastia jenseni Cox, 1962

Ischigualastia is an extinct genus of large dicynodont therapsids that lived during the Late Carnian age and the Early Norian age of the Late Triassic Period. The genus was found in and named after the Ischigualasto Formation (Cancha de Bochas Member) of the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin in northwestern Argentina. It has been placed in the family Stahleckeriidae.^[1]

Description

Life reconstruction of Ischigualastia jenseni

The genus is described as an enormous dicynodont, with a short, high skull, and lacking tusks.^[2] Its close relative is Placerias,^[3] which measured around 3.5 metres (11 ft) long and weighed up to 800–1,000 kilograms (1,800–2,200 lb).^[4][5][6]

Paleoecology

It was a large quadrupedal herbivore, most common at the base of the Ischigualasto Formation. It was a common member of the local fauna, although not as abundant as the medium-sized herbivores Hyperodapedon and Exaeretodon.^{[citation needed]} It was one of the two dicynodont that lived in the Ischigualasto Formation (the other being Jachaleria). The only danger to such a huge animal was the almost equally large carnivorous pseudosuchian Saurosuchus and perhaps the predatory dinosaur Herrerasaurus, which shared the same environment.^{[citation needed]} Along with its relative Placerias, it was the second largest dicynodont after the gigantic Lisowicia.

See also

• Stahleckeriidae
• List of therapsids

References

1. Carroll, Robert L. (1988). Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W.H. Freeman and Company. ISBN 0-7167-1822-7.
2. Kazlev, M.A., White, A.T. (2004-02-01). "Therapsida: Neotherapsida: Dicynodontia". Palaeos. Retrieved 1 November 2014.
3. Vega-Dias, Cristina; Maisch, Michael W.; Schultz, Cesar Leandro (2 March 2004). "A new phylogenetic analysis of Triassic dicynodonts (Therapsida) and the systematic position of Jachaleria candelariensis from the Upper Triassic of Brazil". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 231 (2): 145–166. doi:10.1127/njgpa/231/2004/145. Archived from the original on 21 May 2023.
4. Prothero, Donald R. (18 April 2022). "20. Synapsids: The Origin of Mammals". Vertebrate Evolution: From Origins to Dinosaurs and Beyond. Boca Raton: CRC Press. doi:10.1201/9781003128205-4. ISBN 978-0-36-747316-7. S2CID 246318785.
5. Hartman, Scott A.; Lovelace, David M.; Linzmeier, Benjamin J.; Mathewson, Paul D.; Porter, Warren P. (November 2022). "Mechanistic Thermal Modeling of Late Triassic Terrestrial Amniotes Predicts Biogeographic Distribution". Diversity. 14 (11): 973. doi:10.3390/d14110973. ISSN 1424-2818.
6. Fiorillo, Anthony R.; Padian, Kevin; Musikasinthorn, Chayanin (2000). "Taphonomy and Depositional Setting of the Placerias Quarry (Chinle Formation: Late Triassic, Arizona)". PALAIOS. 15 (5): 373–386. doi:10.2307/3515510. ISSN 0883-1351. JSTOR 3515510.

External links

• Media related to Ischigualastia at Wikimedia Commons