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Impetigore

Impetigore
Indonesian theatrical release poster
IndonesianPerempuan Tanah Jahanam
Directed byJoko Anwar
Written byJoko Anwar
Produced by
  • Shanty Harmayn
  • Tia Hasibuan
  • Aoura Lovenson Chandra
  • Ben Soebiakto [1]
Starring
CinematographyIcal Tanjung
Edited byDinda Amanda
Music by
  • Bembi Gusti
  • Mian Tiara
  • Tony Merle
  • Aghi Narottama
Production
companies
Distributed by
Release date
  • 17 October 2019 (2019-10-17)
Running time
107 minutes[1]
CountriesIndonesia
United States
South Korea
Languages
Budget<$1 million[2]
Box officeDomestic: Rp 71.8 billion[3]
($5.13 million) International: $10,717[4]

Impetigore (Indonesian: Perempuan Tanah Jahanam, lit.'Woman of the damned land') is a 2019 horror film written and directed by Joko Anwar. The film stars Tara Basro, Marissa Anita, Christine Hakim, Asmara Abigail, and Ario Bayu. The film follows Maya (Basro), who travels with her friend Dini (Anita) to her remote ancestral village seeking an inheritance.

Almost a decade in development, the film was announced in 2011 but was shelved. Seven years later, Impetigore was secured as an international co-production between Indonesian, South Korean and American production houses. Filming took place on location at various sites in East Java, facing challenges due to the remoteness of the main village location and Anwar being hospitalised with dengue fever.

Impetigore premiered in Indonesia on 17 October 2019 and internationally at the 2020 Sundance Film Festival. It was later acquired by Shudder for international streaming. The film was a box office success in Indonesia and received favourable reviews internationally, with critics praising its cinematography, sound design and use of Indonesian folklore. It was selected as the Indonesian official entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 93rd Academy Awards, but was not nominated. At the 40th Citra Awards, Indonesia's top film honours, the film received a record-breaking 17 nominations and won 6, including Best Picture, a second Best Director for Anwar, and a third supporting actress and ninth overall win for screen veteran Christine Hakim.

Plot

Best friends Maya and Dini work as tollbooth collectors in Jakarta. On a night shift, Maya is attacked by a man wielding a golok, who says he is from a village called Harjosari and calls Maya "Rahayu". Maya narrowly avoids being killed before the attacker is shot dead by police. Later, Maya shows Dini an old photograph given by her aunt, who has raised her in the city since her parents' mysterious deaths. The photograph shows a young Maya, who is identified as Rahayu, with her deceased parents Donowongso and Shinta, in front of a large house. Maya and Dini travel to the remote Harjosari village to look for the house in the hope of selling it as inheritance.

Posing as student researchers in Harjosari, the pair find the long-abandoned house and encounter cold, suspicious villagers. They witness daily funerals for children taking place and observe that many headstones in the cemetery belong to newborns. Dini is lured away by villagers, who slit her throat and flay her, mistaking her for Rahayu. While looking for Dini that evening, Maya spies village chief and dalang Saptadi attending the birth of a skinless baby, whom he proceeds to drown. A sympathetic villager Ratih tells her that 20 years ago, Donowongso, a rich dalang, made a pact with the devil and murdered three girls to heal his daughter Rahayu, who was born without skin. Since then, all babies in the village have been born skinless.

The ghost of one of the girls reveals to Maya that, to end the curse, she must bury the slain girls' skin, which had been made into wayang kulit puppets by Donowongso. The ghost also reveals that Maya was born out of the extramarital relations between Shinta and Saptadi. Disapproving of the affair, Saptadi's dukun mother Misni jinxed Saptadi to forget Shinta, and cursed Maya, who was named Rahayu at birth, to be born skinless. Donowongso then sacrificed three girls to cure Rahayu's skin and, in doing so, cursed the entire village. Saptadi then killed Donowongso, Shinta, and a group of wayang musicians during a performance in front of all the villagers, and framed Donowongso for the massacre. Misni then convinced the villagers that the curse can only be undone by flaying Rahayu and making puppets out of her skin. Rahayu was evacuated by her 'aunt', who in fact was one of Donowongso's servants, and renamed Maya to conceal her identity.

Maya and Ratih bury the puppets made from the three girls' skin and their spirits are pacified. Misni arrives with the villagers and they capture Maya. Maya appeals to Saptadi by telling him the truth, and Misni reveals that Saptadi was born out of her own extramarital affair with Donowongso's father, making him Donowongso's half-brother. Maya is captured by the villagers to be sacrificed. She then reveals that she is Saptadi's daughter and states that the whole tragedy and the curse happened because of Misni. Saptadi shocks at the truth and questions his mother about it but Misni does not say anything and forces Saptadi to choose between his daughter and her by threatening to kill herself. As Saptadi attempts to kill Maya, the woman brings the healthy baby out to show the villagers that the curse has been lifted, Engaged that her doings are exposed, Misni moves to flay Maya in a fit of rage, a remorseful Saptadi takes her hand to slit his throat instead to spite his mother for forcing him to kill his own daughter and participate in killing many babies. Horrified, Misni slits her own throat to join her son. Maya then escapes the village with the villagers letting her go, having realized Misni's deception.

One year later, a villager suffers a violent miscarriage and it is shown that Misni's ghost has extracted the fetus and devoured it.

Cast

Cast adapted from RogerEbert.com.[5]

Production

Development

Wayang kulit, Indonesian traditional shadow puppetry, and dalang (puppeteers) are a central part of Impetigore.

Director and writer Joko Anwar described the film's concept as originating from a story his older brother had told him as a child; that the leather for Indonesian shadow puppets came from human skin. To form the concept for the film, he combined this with the idea of a strong but intimidating maternal character inspired by his own mother, and various Indonesian social and political issues.[6] On the inclusion of Indonesian folklore elements, Anwar said "It's not a choice, it comes naturally. I grew up reading and being told about this type of folklore all the time. It's even taught in schoolbooks in Indonesia".[7]

In 2011, a poster and Twitter account were made to promote the film, which was set to be produced by Lifelike Pictures, but the project was cancelled.[8][9][10] Anwar also said difficulties finding a filming location that matched the script and a lack of budget led to the project being shelved.[2] He later said he "kept fixing the story each year while at the same time also searching for the right partner to make this film".[11]

The project was revived seven years later, when Ivanhoe Pictures announced a three-film collaboration with Anwar which includes Impetigore, Ghost in the Cell, and The Vow.[12] The film was an international co-production between Indonesia's Rapi Films and BASE Entertainment, South Korea's CJ Entertainment and American company Ivanhoe Pictures.[1] CJ Entertainment had previously had major international success with Crazy Rich Asians (2018), and intended to increase their presence in Southeast Asia.[13] Anwar announced on Instagram that the film would be called Perempuan Tanah Jahanam on 31 December 2018.[14][15] In February 2019, Anwar announced the cast members, including frequent collaborators Tara Basro, Marissa Anita, Asmara Abigail, Ario Bayu, and Arswendi Nasution.[16][11] Christine Hakim's casting, announced at the same time, represented the first time she had appeared in a horror film in her 46-year career.[16]

Although the film is primarily in Indonesian, some older characters speak Javanese.[17]

Filming

Director and writer Joko Anwar contracted dengue fever on the first day of filming Impetigore.

Filming began in March 2019,[11] and was primarily shot on location in Banyuwangi, Lumajang and Ijen in East Java.[9] The film crew spent three months searching for a village that matched the location described in the script. The village chosen, which was established in 1941 for workers on Dutch plantations, was so remote that the crew had to construct a path for vehicles and equipment to reach it.[2] Anwar said that "due to the difficult terrain, the entire crew and cast members had to stay in the village throughout the filming. [Fortunately] the villagers warmly welcomed us, even cooked every day for us."[18] Many local villagers appear as extras in the film.[2]

Filming was expected to take 29 days, but experienced difficulties when Anwar contracted dengue fever on the first day and was hospitalised for 8 days. Anwar later reflected that he had almost died during the illness, and that the shoot was "probably the most adventurous time" of his life.[2] The film crew had to construct the village's first toilets themselves, as well as the house that was used for the main set. After filming, this infrastructure was left by the crew for use by village residents, with the house set converted into a public library with books provided by the crew.[2]

Post-production

Sound mixing was conducted by the same team used by Thai filmmaker Apichatpong Weerasethakul, who won the 2010 Palme d'Or.[19] BASE Entertainment announced that production had wrapped by April 2019.[11] A teaser poster[18] and trailer were released in August 2019.[19] Titled Perumpuan Tanah Janah in Indonesia, the film's internationally marketed name Impetigore is a made-up word to name the disease suffered by the children in the film.[20]

Release

Impetigore was released in Indonesia on 17 October 2019.[18] Plans to screen the film for free at abandoned 1920s cinema Bioskop Grand Senen in Jakarta, as part of an effort to revive historic Indonesian cinemas, were later abandoned due to permit issues; demand was so high tickets had sold out within five minutes of the announcement.[21] It premiered internationally at the Sundance Film Festival on 26 January 2020,[22] and was later screened at the Rotterdam and Gothenburg Film Festivals.[23] It also had theatrical releases in Malaysia, Hong Kong, Singapore, Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Macau and Myanmar.[23]

In May 2020, it was released for streaming on Indonesian service GoPlay[23] and was released in the United States, Canada and the UK on horror streaming service Shudder on 23 July 2020, after its distribution rights were acquired by the network as a Shudder original.[13][24][25] This marked another collaboration of Anwar and Shudder, after Satan's Slaves became one of the network's biggest hits.[13]

Impetigore was a box office success in Indonesia. It opened in first place in the local box office with an audience of 117,000 on its opening day[26] and attracted 700,000 admissions in its first week of release.[27] At the end of its domestic theatrical run, it ended up with 1.7 million admissions, making it the seventh highest grossing domestic film in 2019.[28]

Soundtrack

The film's soundtrack was created with the involvement of composer Rahayu Supanggah, and musical arrangers Aghi Narottama, Bemby Gusti and Tony Merle.[11]

Perempuan Tanah Jahanam (Original Soundtrack)[29]
No.TitlePerformerLength
1."Pujaan Hati" (Darling)The Spouse2:30
2."Berlibur" (On Vacation)The Spouse2:43
3."Pria dengan Mobil Tua" (Man with the Old Car) 1:31
4."Perempuan Tanah Jahanam" (Impetigore) 1:41
5."Pesan dari Masa Lalu" (Messages from the Past) 0:38
6."Harjosari" 1:05
7."Kedatangan yang Diharapkan" (Expected Arrivals) 3:23
8."Malam Ini Ada yang Lahir" (Someone Is Born Tonight) 1:28
9."Darah" (Blood) 2:02
10."Kulit" (Skin) 4:33
11."Ki Donowongso" (Mr. Donowongso) 4:59
12."Kerasa Nggak?" (Do You Feel?) 2:37
13."Memburu Kutukan" (Chasing the Curse) 2:15
14."Kisah Wayang Berdarah" (Bloody Puppet Story) 6:40
15."Kubur Kami" (Bury Us) 2:23
16."Persembahan Terakhir" (Final Offerings) 6:46
17."Nyi Misni" (Mrs. Misni) 0:36
Total length:48:00

Reception

Critical response

On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 92% approval rating based on 39 reviews, with an average rating of 7.2/10. The site's critics consensus reads, "Impetigore uses its folk horror setting as the brutally effective backdrop for a supernatural story that sinks its hooks into the viewer and refuses to let go."[30]

In The Jakarta Post, Reyzando Nawara gave a positive review, commenting on the film's relevance to Indonesian society, saying it "makes a very compelling argument about the evils of abused power and the danger it presents" across multiple generations.[31] In Kompas, Mohammad Hilmi Faiq described the film as a new peak for Anwar.[32]

Some reviewers in American publications commented that Impetigore was not too scary as it instead put emphasis on Indonesian cultural elements.[33][5] Dennis Harvey wrote a positive review in Variety, praising the film's production design and sound, calling it a "handsome and atmospheric production" and "good, sometimes grisly fun that’s not terribly scary, particularly once hectic climactic events prove less suspenseful than the slow-burn buildup". Harvey critiqued the film's later acts, saying that the "convoluted later mix of chase scenes and explanatory flashbacks [feel] more like an awkward pileup of miscellaneous genre tropes".[1] On RogerEbert.com, Peter Sobczynski gave the film three and a half out of four stars, commending film's style and use of Indonesian folklore, but criticised the flashback sequence and epilogue. He particularly highlighted the film's opening sequence, calling it "electrifying" and "absolutely spellbinding".[5] In Screen Daily, Wendy Ide commended the film's atmosphere but critiqued its use of exposition, calling it "entertaining, pulpy horror, [that] focuses more on incorporating Indonesian cultural elements rather than delivering neatly packaged scares".[33] Jacob Stolworthy in The Independent called the film "a must-watch for fans of scary films".[34]

In a more mixed review, James Marsh in South China Morning Post rated the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and said the film was "unevenly paced and fails to capitalise on its grisly premise", but praised Basro's performance.[35] Marco Ferrarese in Al Jazeera highlighted Impetigore as part of a new wave of low-budget horror films bringing increased international attention to Southeast Asia's film industry, alongside Malaysian film Roh. Distributed internationally by streaming services, Ferrarese highlighted it as one of several recent horror films from the region that received critical acclaim and festival attention beyond their native countries.[7]

Accolades

Impetigore received a record 17 nominations[36] and went on to be the biggest winner at the 2020 Indonesian Film Festival, the first for a horror film in the history of the Citra Awards. In accepting the award for Best Director, Anwar expressed his hope that the Indonesian film industry could raise its international profile, and said he believed that the COVID-19 pandemic had halted its progress when Indonesian film was "at its peak".[20] Anwar won his second Citra Award for Best Director, and Hakim won the third Best Supporting Actress and ninth award overall of her career.[37]

In November 2020, it was selected as the Indonesian official entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 93rd Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.[38] When announcing the submission, Garin Nugroho, head of the Indonesian Academy Awards Selection Committee, cited the film's showcasing of Indonesian values and culture, as well as for its direction and script.[9] The film was also submitted to the Best Foreign Language Film at the 78th Golden Globe Awards and was also not nominated.[17][39]

Year Award Category Recipient Result Ref
2019 8th Maya Awards Best Feature Film Impetigore Nominated [40]
Best Director Joko Anwar Nominated
Best Actress in a Supporting Role Christine Hakim Nominated
Marissa Anita Nominated
Best Original Screenplay Joko Anwar Nominated
Best Editing Dinda Amanda Nominated
Best Art Direction Frans X. R. Paat Won
Best Original Score Aghi Narottama
Bemby Gusti
Tony Merle
Mian Tiara
Nominated
Best Sound Mohamad Ikhsan
Syamsurrijal
Anhar Moha
Nominated
Arifin C. Noer Cup for Best Brief Appearance Teuku Rifnu Wikana Nominated
2019 3rd Tempo Film Festival Best Director Joko Anwar Nominated [41]
Best Supporting Actress Christine Hakim Won
Best Screenplay Joko Anwar Nominated
2020 Bucheon International Fantastic Film Festival Melies Award for Best Asian Film Impetigore Won [42]
2020 40th Citra Awards Best Picture Won [37][20]
Best Director Joko Anwar Won
Best Actor Ario Bayu Nominated
Best Actress Tara Basro Nominated
Best Supporting Actor Kiki Narendra Nominated
Best Supporting Actress Christine Hakim Won
Marissa Anita Nominated
Best Original Screenplay Joko Anwar Nominated
Best Cinematography Ical Tanjung Won
Best Editing Dinda Amanda Won
Best Art Direction Frans X. R. Paat Nominated
Best Original Score Aghi Narottama
Bemby Gusti
Tony Merle
Mian Tiara
Nominated
Best Sound Mohamad Ikhsan
Syamsurrijal
Anhar Moha
Won
Best Theme Song "Pujaan Hati" by The Spouse & Tia Hasibuan Nominated
Best Costume Design Isabelle Patrice Nominated
Best Makeup & Hairstyling Darwyn Tse Nominated
Best Visual Effects Abby Eldipie Nominated

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Harvey, Dennis (29 June 2020). "'Impetigore': Film Review". Variety. Archived from the original on 18 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Verhoeven, Beatrice (11 January 2021). "How 'Impetigore' Director Gave Back to Remote Indonesian Village Used for Filming (Video)". TheWrap. Archived from the original on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  3. ^ "Data Penonton 2019" [Moviegoers Data in 2019]. FilmIndonesia.or.id (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 25 July 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  4. ^ "Perempuan-Tanah-Jahanam (2020) - Financial Information". The Numbers. Archived from the original on 30 September 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
  5. ^ a b c Sobczynski, Peter. "Impetigore movie review & film summary (2020) | Roger Ebert". RogerEbert.com. Archived from the original on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  6. ^ Ramos, Dino-Ray (9 January 2021). "'Impetigore' Director Joko Anwar Talks Horror And Golden Age Of Indonesian Cinema – Contenders International". Yahoo! Finance. Archived from the original on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  7. ^ a b Ferrarese, Marco. "'New kinds of monsters': The rise of Southeast Asian horror films". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 25 January 2022. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  8. ^ Brown, Todd (2 July 2011). "Exclusive Poster Art for Joko Anwar's 'Impetigore'". Screen Anarchy. Archived from the original on 19 September 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
  9. ^ a b c "Joko Anwar's 'Perempuan Tanah Jahanam' (Impetigore) selected as Indonesia's submission for the Oscars | Coconuts". Coconuts. 11 November 2020. Archived from the original on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
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  12. ^ Frater, Patrick (10 September 2018). "Ivanhoe Finds Partners for Slate of Films from Indonesia". Variety. Archived from the original on 26 August 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
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  16. ^ a b Rosalia, Indra (27 February 2019). "Christine Hakim ramaikan Perempuan Tanah Jahanam". beritagar.id/ (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 30 September 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  17. ^ a b Gallo, Armando (5 January 2021). "Impetigore (Indonesia)". Golden Globes. Archived from the original on 11 February 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  18. ^ a b c "Teaser poster for Joko Anwar's 'Perempuan Tanah Jahanam' released". The Jakarta Post. 6 August 2019. Archived from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
  19. ^ a b "'Perempuan Tanah Jahanam' official teaser finally released". The Jakarta Post. 9 August 2019. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  20. ^ a b c "Horror movie 'Impetigore' wins big at FFI 2020". The Jakarta Post. 8 December 2020. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  21. ^ "Bioskop Grand Senen screening for 'Perempuan Tanah Jahanam' canceled". The Jakarta Post. 8 November 2019. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  22. ^ "2020 Sundance Film Festival: 118 Feature Films Announced". sundance.org. 4 December 2019. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  23. ^ a b c "Joko Anwar's 'Perempuan Tanah Jahanam' to stream on GoPlay". The Jakarta Post. 13 May 2020. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  24. ^ Squires, John (21 July 2020). "Indonesian Horror Movie 'Impetigore' Debuts on Shudder This Week". Bloody Disgusting. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
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  26. ^ DH, Agung (18 October 2019). "Perempuan Tanah Jahanam Joko Anwar Ditonton 117.001 di Hari Pertama". tirto.id (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 2 December 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
  27. ^ Frater, Patrick (24 October 2019). "Joko Anwar's 'Impetigore' Tops Indonesia Box Office Ahead of Film Markets". Variety. Archived from the original on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  28. ^ "Data penonton tahun 2019". filmindonesia.or.id. Archived from the original on 25 July 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
  29. ^ "Perempuan Tanah Jahanam (Original Soundtrack)". iTunes. 25 October 2019. Archived from the original on 24 January 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  30. ^ "Impetigore (2019)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Archived from the original on 28 August 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2021.
  31. ^ Nawara, Reyzando (16 October 2019). "'Perempuan Tanah Jahanam': A terrifying and cerebral blood-spattered horror tale". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  32. ^ "Puncak Baru Kengerian". Kompas (in Indonesian). 27 October 2019. Archived from the original on 30 September 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
  33. ^ a b Ide, Wendy (27 January 2020). "'Impetigore': Rotterdam Review". Screen Daily. Archived from the original on 24 October 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  34. ^ Stolworthy, Jacob (25 January 2021). "The terrifying folk horror film that could be nominated for an Oscar". The Independent. Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  35. ^ "Impetigore: modernity vs tradition in Indonesian horror". South China Morning Post. 5 March 2020. Archived from the original on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  36. ^ "'Perempuan Tanah Jahanam' dominates 2020 FFI Awards with 17 nods". The Jakarta Post. 9 November 2020. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  37. ^ a b Media, Kompas Cyber (5 December 2020). "Daftar Lengkap Pemenang Piala Citra FFI 2020 Halaman all". Kompas (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 3 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  38. ^ Hayati, Istiqomatul (10 November 2020). "Indonesia Resmi Ajukan Perempuan Tanah Jahanam dalam Penilaian Oscar". Tempo.co. Archived from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  39. ^ "Foreign Language Film Submissions – 78th Golden Globe Awards". Golden Globes. 5 December 2020. Archived from the original on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2023.
  40. ^ "Daftar Nominasi Piala Maya 2020". CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). 23 January 2020. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  41. ^ Mahdy, Ahmad Rozien (4 August 2022). "Sukses Sutradarai Pengabdi Setan 2 Communion, Berikut Segudang Penghargaan Joko Anwar di Dunia Perfilman - Ayo Surabaya - Halaman 4". Sukses Sutradarai Pengabdi Setan 2 Communion, Berikut Segudang Penghargaan Joko Anwar di Dunia Perfilman - Ayo Surabaya - Halaman 4 (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  42. ^ "'Perempuan Tanah Jahanam' to represent Indonesia at 2021 Academy Awards". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.

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Peta menunjukkan lokasi Lugait Lugait adalah munisipalitas yang terletak di provinsi Misamis Oriental, Filipina. Pada tahun 2010, munisipalitas ini memiliki populasi sebesar 18.274 jiwa dan 3.891 rumah tangga. Pembagian wilayah Secara administratif Lugait terbagi menjadi 8 barangay, yaitu: Aya-aya Betahon Biga Calangahan Kaluknayan Lower Talacogon Poblacion Upper Talacogon Pranala luar Official site of Lugait Philippine Standard Geographic Code Diarsipkan 2012-04-13 di Wayback Machine. 1995 Phil…

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (مارس 2020) قناة جادارا، والتي تسمى أيضًا قناة فرعون (مجرى فرعون)، كانت قناة مائية رومانية لإمداد بعض مدن ديكابوليس. لقد خدمتها أدراها (المعروفة اليوم باسم درعا في سوريا)، ع…

2009 single by CascadaDangerousSingle by Cascadafrom the album Evacuate the Dancefloor ReleasedOctober 12, 2009Recorded2008-2009GenreEurodanceLength3:01LabelAll Around the WorldSongwriter(s)Y. PeiferT. CornellisenM. ReuterProducer(s)Manuel ReuterYann PeiferCascada singles chronology Fever (2009) Dangerous (2009) Pyromania (2010) Music videoDangerous on YouTube Dangerous is the second single in the UK & Ireland but third overall to be released by Cascada from their third studio album Evacuate…

TPS Pełna nazwa Turun Palloseura Przydomek Tepsi Barwy czarno-białe Data założenia 24 października 1922 Liga Ykkönen Państwo  Finlandia Stadion Veritas Stadion, Turku Prezes Jouko Peräaho Trener Jonatan Johansson Strojedomowe Strojewyjazdowe Trzecistrój Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Strona internetowa Turun Palloseura – fiński klub piłkarski z siedzibą w mieście Turku. Osiągnięcia Mistrz Finlandii (8): 1928, 1939, 1941, 1949, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1975 Puchar Finlandii (3…

هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (أغسطس 2022) هذه مقالة غير مراجعة. ينبغي أن يزال هذا القالب بعد أن يراجعها محرر مغاير للذي أنش

Minivan model by Toyota Not to be confused with Toyota Sienta. Motor vehicle Toyota Sienna2021 Toyota Sienna XLE (AXLH40)OverviewManufacturerToyotaAlso calledToyota Granvia (China, 2022–present)ProductionAugust 1997 – presentModel years1998–presentBody and chassisClassMinivanBody style5-door minivanChronologyPredecessorToyota Previa (XR10) (North America)Toyota Previa (XR50) (Taiwan) The Toyota Sienna is a minivan manufactured and marketed by Toyota primarily for the North A…

1992 single by Faith No More A Small VictorySingle by Faith No Morefrom the album Angel Dust B-side Let's Lynch the Landlord Malpractice ReleasedAugust 3, 1992 (1992-08-03)StudioCoast Recorders, Brilliant (San Francisco, California)Genre Alternative metal alternative rock Length4:57Label Slash London Reprise Composer(s) Mike Bordin Roddy Bottum Billy Gould Mike Patton Lyricist(s) Mike Patton Producer(s)Matt WallaceFaith No More singles chronology Midlife Crisis (1992) A Small Vict…

American professional soccer team Soccer clubMonterey Bay FCFull nameMonterey Bay Football ClubNickname(s)Union,[1] Crisp and KelpFoundedFebruary 1, 2021; 2 years ago (2021-02-01)StadiumCardinale StadiumSeaside, CaliforniaCapacity6,000OwnerRay BeshoffPresidentMike DiGiulioHead coachFrank YallopLeagueUSL Championship202311th, Western ConferencePlayoffs: DNQWebsiteClub website Home colors Away colors Third colors Current season Monterey Bay Football Club (Monterey Bay FC)…

Cet article est une ébauche concernant les Jeux olympiques. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Monaco aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 2022 Code CIO MON Comité Comité olympique monégasque Lieu Pyeongchang Participation 11e aux Jeux d'hiver Athlètes 3 dans 2 sports Porte-drapeau Arnaud Alessandria MédaillesRang : - Or0 Arg.0 Bron.0 Total0 Monaco aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver Monaco aux Jeux olympi…

Franz Xaver Wolfgang von Orsini-RosenbergFranz Xaver Wolfgang Fürst von Orsini und Rosenberg (* 6. April 1723 in Wien; † 14. November 1796 ebenda) war ein bedeutender Vertreter der Adelsfamilie von Orsini-Rosenberg. Er wirkte zunächst in mehreren Ländern als Diplomat des Erzherzogtums Österreich, anschließend als Berater und Obersthofmeister am Hof des Großherzogs von Toskana und schließlich in derselben Funktion am kaiserlichen Hof in Wien. 1790 wurde er von Kaiser Leopold II. in den R…

Untuk insiden yang pernah terjadi, lihat Insiden Alastlogo. LekokKecamatanNegara IndonesiaProvinsiJawa TimurKabupatenPasuruanPemerintahan • CamatFatchurrochmanPopulasi • Total500,000 jiwa jiwaKode Kemendagri35.14.22 Kode BPS3514230 Luas- km²Desa/kelurahan11 desa Pemandangan pantai Lekok (1915-1918) Pantai Lemongkrong dekat Lekok (1916) Lekok adalah sebuah kecamatan di Kabupaten Pasuruan, Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Lekok memiliki 4 desa pesisir: Tambaklekok, Jat…

American musician (born 1980) Tim KelleherKelleher performing with Thirty Seconds to Mars in Fontana, California (October 2010)Background informationBirth nameTimothy KelleherBorn (1980-10-04) 4 October 1980 (age 43)Phoenix, Arizona, United StatesGenresAlternative rockOccupation(s)MusicianInstrument(s)Bass guitar, guitar, keyboardsYears active2004–presentMusical artist Timothy Kelleher (born October 4, 1980) is an American musician best known for touring with the American rock band Thirty…

Timnas wanita U-17 Amerika SerikatJulukanTeam USAThe Stars and StripesThe YanksAsosiasiFederasi Sepak Bola Amerika SerikatKonfederasiCONCACAF (Amerika Utara)PelatihNatalia AstrainKode FIFAUSA Warna pertama Warna kedua Kejuaraan Wanita U-17 CONCACAFPenampilan7 (Pertama kali pada 2008)Hasil terbaikJuara : 2008, 2012 2016, 2018, 2022Piala Dunia Wanita U-17 FIFAPenampilan4 (Pertama kali pada 2008)Hasil terbaikJuara kedua  : 2008 Tim nasional sepak bola wanita U-17 Amerika Serikat adalah tim sep…

Last.fmJenis situsKomunitas musikBahasamultibahasa (12)PemilikCBS InteractivePenciptaCommunalSitus webhttp://www.last.fm/KomersialYaDaftar akunGratis, atau berlangganan £1.50 per bulan ($3 USD)Diluncurkan12 Juli 2007StatusAktif Last.fm adalah radio Internet, jejaring sosial, komunitas musik, dan mesin rekomendasi musik terbesar saat ini yang berbasis di Britania Raya dan didirikan pada tahun 2002. Situs ini merupakan layanan basis data musik terbesar dengan lebih dari 47 juta pengguna aktif sam…

Unincorporated community in Florida, U.S. Not to be confused with Ochlockonee Bay, Florida. Location of Ochlockonee Ochlockoneee is an unincorporated community in western Leon County, Florida, United States, located at U.S. Route 90 and County Road 260 (Geddie Road) and at the Ochlockonee River, west of Tallahassee by three miles (4.8 km). The community includes the neighborhoods around Chigger Lane, Houston Road, and Sassy Tree Lane. Ochlockonee is bordered on the north and south by the La…

Bruce AylwardLahirSt. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, KanadaKebangsaanKanadaAlmamaterLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineMemorial University of NewfoundlandJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthKarier ilmiahBidangEpidemiologiInstitusiWorld Health Organization (WHO) Bruce Aylward adalah seorang dokter dan juga ahli epidemiologi berkewarganegaraan Kanada. Aylward telah menjadi Penasihat Senior untuk Direktur Jenderal, Perubahan Organisasi di Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia, seja…

Women’s and children’s apparel Lipsy LimitedTypePrivate limited companyIndustryClothing industryRetailFounded1988 in the UKHeadquartersLondonProductsClothingFashion accessoryBeauty ProductHomewaresParentNext plcWebsitenext.co.uk/lipsy Lipsy Limited, also known as Lipsy London, is a British fashion and cosmetic retailer. The company sells women’s and children’s apparel, accessories, beauty products and homeware through external websites and in-store sales. The Lipsy brand was founded in 1…

Political party in Israel Degel HaTorah דגל התורה‎LeaderMoshe GafniFounded1988Split fromAgudat YisraelNewspaperYated Ne'emanIdeologyHaredi interests[1][2]Religious conservatismSocial conservatismPolitical positionRight-wingReligionHaredi Judaism (Misnagdim)AllianceUnited Torah JudaismKnesset3 / 120 Election symbolעץ‎‎Websitehttp://m.degel.org.il/Politics of IsraelPolitical partiesElections Degel HaTorah (Hebrew: דגל התורה, lit. …

Đừng nhầm lẫn với Kênh 1 Eurasia. Xem thêm: Mảng Á-Âu, châu Á, châu Âu, Lục địa Phi-Á Âu, và Australasia Diện tích53.990.000 km²Dân số4.600.000.000Mật độ dân số85,2Quốc gia92Phụ thuộc4Múi giờUTC-1 (Açores)UTC+12 (Nga) Lục địa Á-Âu hay Lục địa Âu-Á (còn được viết là đại lục Á-Âu hay đại lục Âu-Á) là một khu vực đất đai rộng lớn, bao gồm châu Âu và châu Á. Phần lớn nằm ở Đông và B…

J. K. SimmonsLahirJonathan Kimble Simmons9 Januari 1955 (umur 68)Grosse Pointe, Michigan, Amerika Serikat[1]AlmamaterUniversitas MontanaPekerjaanAktor, pengisi suaraTahun aktif1986–sekarangSuami/istriMichelle Schumacher ​(m. 1996)​Anak2 Jonathan Kimble J. K. Simmons (lahir 9 Januari 1955) adalah seorang aktor dan pengisi suara Amerika Serikat. Dia dikenal karena perannya di televisi sebagai Dr. Emil Skoda pada serial televisi NBC, Law & Order,…

Apparent angular position of any star in the sky; point on the celestial sphere This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Star position – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The equatorial coordinate system on the celestial sphere S…

Subfamily of mammals Talpinae Russian desman (Desmana moschata) Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Eulipotyphla Family: Talpidae Subfamily: TalpinaeG. Fischer, 1814 Genera See species list The subfamily Talpinae,[1] sometimes called Old World moles or Old World moles and relatives, is one of three subfamilies of the mole family Talpidae, the others being the Scalopinae, or New World moles, and the Uropsilinae, or shrew-li…

US tax exemption This article is part of a series onTaxation in the United States Federal taxation Alternative minimum tax Capital gains tax Corporate tax Estate tax Excise tax Gift tax Generation-skipping transfer tax Income tax Payroll tax Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Internal Revenue Code (IRC) IRS tax forms Revenue by state History Constitutional authority Taxpayer standing Court Protest Evasion Resistance State and local taxation State income tax Property tax Sales tax State and local tax…

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