Huxley Memorial Medal and Lecture

This article is about the Huxley Memorial Lecture of the Royal Anthropological Institute. For the Huxley Lecture of Charing Cross Hospital Medical School, see The Huxley Lecture.

The Huxley memorial medallion in bronze created by Frank Boucher
The Huxley memorial medallion in bronze created by Frank Boucher

The Huxley Memorial Medal and Lecture is a lecture and associated medal that was created in 1900 by the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland to honour the anthropologist Thomas Henry Huxley.[1] The lecture and medal are awarded annually to any scientist who distinguishes themselves in any field of anthropological research.[1] Thomas Huxley was fortunate to have another memorial lecture named his honour, The Huxley Lecture that was instituted by the members of Charing Cross Hospital Medical School in 1896.[2]

Huxley had been a member of both the Ethnological Society of London (ESL) and the Anthropological Society of London since 1863, and he was President of the ESL during its last two years,[3] and Vice President of the Institute when John Lubbock, Lord Avebury was President. A Huxley Lecture Committee was convened in May 1896, which decided that scientist should be invited to deliver a lecture to honour Huxley.[4]

Recipients

Year Laureate Nationality Title Date Ref
1900 Lord Avebury United Kingdom "Huxley, the man and his work" 13 November 1900 [5]
1901 Francis Galton United Kingdom "The possible improvement of the human breed under existing conditions of law and sentiment" 29 October 1901 [6]
1902 Daniel John Cunningham United Kingdom "Right-handedness and left-brainedness" 28 October 1902 [7]
1903 Karl Pearson United Kingdom "On the inheritance in man of mental and moral characters, and its relation to the inheritance of physical characters" 16 October 1903 [8]
1904 Joseph Deniker France "The six races that make up the current population of Europe" 7 October 1904 [9]
1905 John Beddoe United Kingdom "Colour and race" 31 October 1905 [10]
1906 Flinders Petrie United Kingdom "Migrations" 1 November 1906" [11]
1907 Edward Burnett Tylor United Kingdom Awarded the Huxley medal on 5 November 1907 5 November 1907 [12]
1908 William Z. Ripley United States "The European population of the United States" 13 November 1908 [13]
1909 Gustaf Retzius Sweden "The so-called North European race of mankind: a review of and views on the development of some anthropological questions" 5 November 1909 [14]
1910 William Boyd Dawkins United Kingdom "The arrival of man in Britain in the Pleistocene age" 22 November 1910 [15]
1911 Felix von Luschan Austrian Empire "The early inhabitants of Western Asia" 23 November 1911 [16]
1912 William Gowland United Kingdom "The metals in antiquity" 19 November 1912 [17]
1913 William Johnson Sollas United Kingdom Paviland Cave: an Aurignacian station in Wales 14 November 1913 [18]
1914 James George Frazer United Kingdom For the presentation of the Huxley medal [12]
1915 Émile Cartailhac France For the presentation of the Huxley medal [12]
1916 James George Frazer United Kingdom "Ancient stories of a great flood" 14 November 1916 [19]
1917 No medal was given nor lecture held. Likely due to World War I [12]
1918 No mention of the lecture being held. [12]
1919 No mention of the lecture being held. [12]
1920 Alfred Cort Haddon United Kingdom "Migrations of cultures in British New Guinea" 23 November 1920 [20]
1921 Henry Balfour United Kingdom "The archer's bow in the Homeric poems: an attempted diagnosis" 1 September 1921 [21]
1922 Marcellin Boule France "L’oeuvre anthropologique du Prince Albert 1er de Monaco et les récents progrès de la Paléontologie humaine en France" Never delivered [22]
1923 Edwin Sidney Hartland United Kingdom Hartland was awarded the Huxley Medal in 1922 but was not able to prepare and deliver the Huxley Memorial Lecture owing to his health [12]
1924 René Verneau France "La race de Néanderthal et la race de Grimaldi: leur rôle dans l’Humanité" 25 November 1924 [12]
1925 Arthur John Evans United Kingdom "The early Nilotic, Libyan and Egyptian relations with Minoan Crete" 24 November 1925 [12]
1926 William Ridgeway United Kingdom The death of William Ridgeway meant the Huxley Memorial Lecture was not delivered [12]
1927 Aleš Hrdlička United States "The Neanderthal phase of man" Unknown [23]
1928 Arthur Keith United Kingdom "The evolution of the human races" 27 November 1928 [24]
1929 Erland Nordenskiöld Sweden "The American Indian as an inventor" 26 November 1929 [25]
1930 Archibald H. Sayce United Kingdom "The antiquity of civilized man" 18 November 1930 [26]
1931 Georg Thilenius Germany "On some biological view-points in ethnology" 29 September 1931 [27]
1932 Charles Gabriel Seligman United Kingdom "Anthropological perspective and psychological theory" 29 November 1932 [28]
1933 John Linton Myres United Kingdom "The Cretan labyrinth: a retrospect of Aegean research" 28 November 1933 [29]
1934 Marc Aurel Stein United Kingdom "The Indo-Iranian borderlands: their prehistory in the light of geography and of recent explorations" 31 July 1934 [30]
1935 Grafton Elliot Smith Australia "The place of Thomas Henry Huxley in anthropology" 26 November 1935 [31]
1936 Edward Westermarck Finland "Methods in social anthropology" 27 October 1936 [32]
1937 Herbert John Fleure United Kingdom "Racial evolution and archaeology" 9 November 1937 [33]
1938 Marcel Mauss France "Une catégorie de l’esprit humain: la notion de personne, celle de ‘moi’: un plan de travail" 29 November 1938 [34]
1939 Robert Ranulph Marett United Kingdom "Charity and the struggle for existence" 28 November 1939 [35]
1940 Harold John Edward Peake United Kingdom "The study of prehistoric times" 26 November 1940 [36]
1941 Henri Breuil France "The discovery of the antiquity of man: some of the evidence" 16 April 1946 [37]
1942 Charles Leonard Woolley United Kingdom "North Syria as a cultural link in the ancient world" 24 November 1942 [38]
1943 Frederic Charles Bartlett United Kingdom "Anthropology in reconstruction" 23 November 1943 [39]
1944 V. Gordon Childe Australia "Archaeological ages as technological stages" [40]
1945 Alfred Kroeber United States "The ancient Oikoumenê as an historic culture aggregate" [41]
1946 Gertrude Caton Thompson United Kingdom "The Aterian industry: its place and significance in the Palaeolithic world" 6 May 1946 [42]
1947 Wynfrid Duckworth United Kingdom "Some complexities of human structure" 25 November 1947 [43]
1948 Robert Lowie United States "Some aspects of political organization among the American aborigines" [44]
1949 James Hornell United Kingdom Died before delivery of lecture
1950 Julian Huxley United Kingdom "New bottles for new wine: ideology and scientific knowledge" 28 November 1950 [45]
1951 Alfred Radcliffe-Brown United Kingdom "The comparative method in social anthropology" [46]
1952 Peter Buck New Zealand Died before delivery of lecture
1952 Kaj Birket-Smith Denmark "The history of ethnology in Denmark" [47]
1953 Morris Ginsberg United Kingdom "On the diversity of morals" 26 November 1953 [48]
1954 Ralph Linton United States Died before delivery of lecture
1954 Henri Victor Vallois France "Neanderthals and Praesapiens" 25 November 1954
1955 Frederic Wood Jones United Kingdom Died before delivery of lecture
1955 Robert Redfield United States "Societies and cultures as natural systems" 22 March 1955 [49]
1956 J. B. S. Haldane United Kingdom "The argument from animals to men: an examination of its validity for anthropology" 29 November 1956 [50]
1957 Sigvald Linné Sweden "Technical secrets of American Indians" 28 November 1957 [51]
1958 Wilfrid Le Gros Clark United Kingdom "Bones of contention" 28 November 1957 [52]
1959 Raymond Firth New Zealand "Problem and assumption in an anthropological study of religion" [53]
1960 Samuel Kirkland Lothrop United States "Early migration to central and south America" 25 November 1960 [54]
1961 Arthur Mourant United Kingdom "Evolution, genetics and anthropology" 24 November 1961 [55]
1962 Dorothy Garrod United Kingdom "The middle Palaeolithic of the near east and the problem of Mount Carmel man" 2 November 1962 [56]
1963 E. E. Evans-Pritchard United Kingdom "The Zande state" 27 June 1963 [57]
1964 Gustav Heinrich Ralph von Koenigswald West Germany "Early man facts and fantasy" 2 April 1964 [58]
1965 Claude Lévi-Strauss France "The future of kinship studies" [59]
1966 J. Eric S. Thompson United Kingdom "The Maya central area at the Spanish Conquest and later: a problem in demography" [60]
1967 Sherwood Washburn United States "Behaviour and the origin of man" [61]
1968 Georges Henri Rivière France "My experience at the Musée d’Ethnologie" [62]
1969 Isaac Schapera United Kingdom "The crime of sorcery" [63]
1970 Daryll Forde United Kingdom "Ecology and social structure" [64]
1971 George Murdock United States "Anthropology’s mythology" [65]
1972 Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza Italy "Origin and differentiation of human races" [66]
1973 Klaus Wachsmann United Kingdom "Spencer to Hood: a changing view of non-European music" [67]
1974 J. Desmond Clark United Kingdom "Africa in prehistory: peripheral or paramount?" 7 November 1974 [68]
1975 Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff Austria "Cosmology as ecological analysis: a view from the rain forest" 27 November 1975 [69]
1976 M. N. Srinivas India "The changing position of Indian women" 25 November 1976 [70]
1977 Meyer Fortes South Africa "Sacrifice, or was your fieldwork really necessary?" unknown
1978 Joseph Weiner United Kingdom "Beyond physical anthropology" 8 November 1978 [71]
1979 Gordon Willey United States "Towards a holistic view of ancient Maya civilizations" 7 November 1979 [72]
1980 Edmund Leach United Kingdom "Why did Moses have a sister?" 21 November 1980 [73]
1981 Fei Hsiao-Tung China "Some observations on the transformation of rural China" 18 November 1981 [74]
1982 Paul Thornell Baker United States "Adaptive limits of human populations" 17 November 1982 [75]
1983 Clifford Geertz United States "Culture and change: the indonesian case" 1 February 1983 [76]
1984 Junichiro Itani Japan "The evolution of primate social structure" 21 November 1984 [77]
1985 Louis Dumont France "Are cultures living beings? German identity in interaction" 14 November 1985 [78]
1986 Lewis Binford United States "Data, relativism and archaeological science: looking at, thinking about and inferring the past" 17 September 1986 [79]
1987 G. Ainsworth Harrison United Kingdom "Social heterogeneity and biological variation" 18 November 1987 [80]
1988 Daniel Carleton Gajdusek United States "New plagues - old scourges: epidemics of brain disease in population isolates in the twentieth century" 2 November 1988 [81]
1989 Fredrik Barth Norway "Transmission, and the shaping of culture in Asia and Melanesia" 22 November 1989 [82]
1990 Robert Hinde United Kingdom "A biologist looks at anthropology" 21 November 1990 [83]
1991 Colin Renfrew United Kingdom "Archaeology, genetics and linguistic diversity: a new synthesis?" 27 November 1991 [84]
1992 Mary Douglas United Kingdom Balaam's Place in the Book of Numbers 18 November 1992 [85]
1993 George W. Stocking Jr. United States Reading the palimpsest of enquiry: Notes and Queries and the history of social anthropology 16 February 1993 [86]
1994 Sidney W. Mintz United States Enduring substances and trying theories: the Caribbean region as Oikumenê 7 December 1994 [87]
1995 Jack Goody United Kingdom A kernel of doubt: agnosticism in cultural and cross-cultural perspective 6 December 1995 [88]
1996 Phillip Tobias South Africa The ape-like Australopithecus after 70 years: was it hominid? 27 November 1996 [89]
1997 Stanley Tambiah United States Transnational movements, multiculturalism and ethnonationalism 18 November 1997 [90]
1998 Marshall Sahlins United States Two or three things that I know about culture 18 November 1998 [91]
1999 Sally Falk Moore United States Certainties undone: fifty turbulent years of legal anthropology, 1949-1999 27 October 1999 [92]
2000 Pierre Bourdieu France Participant objectivation: breaching the boundary between anthropology and sociology – how? 6 December 2000 [93]
2001 John Francis Marchment Middleton United Kingdom Merchants: An Essay in Historical Ethnography 14 November 2001 [94]
2002 Jane Goodall United Kingdom The scientific study of primates and its impact on contemporary world-views 4 December 2002 [95]
2003 Gananath Obeyesekere United States Cannibal talk: dialogical misunderstandings in the south seas 15 July 2003 [96]
2004 Marilyn Strathern United Kingdom A Community of Critics? Thoughts on New Knowledge 8 December 2004 [97]
2005 Peter Ucko United Kingdom Forms such as never were in nature: forging authenticity 7 December 2005 [98]
2006 Leslie Aiello United States Diet, energy and human evolution 7 December 2006 [99]
2007 Adam Kuper South Africa Changing the subject – about cousin marriage, among other thing 14 December 2007 [100]
2008 Maurice Godelier France Community, society, culture: three keys to understanding today’s conflicted identities 7 November 2008 [101]
2009 Ian Hodder United Kingdom Human-thing entanglement: towards an integrated archaeological perspective [102]
2010 Johannes Fabian Netherlands Cultural anthropology and the question of knowledge 4 February 2010 [103]
2011 Bruce Kapferer Australia How Anthropologists Think: Refiguring the Exotic 16 December 2011 [104]
2012 Alan Macfarlane United Kingdom Anthropology, Empire and Modernity 14 December 2012 [105]
2013 Howard Morphy United Kingdom Extended Lives in Global Spaces: The Anthropology of Yolngu Pre Burial Ceremonies [106]
2014 Tim Ingold United Kingdom On Human Correspondence 7 November 2014 [107]
2015 Robin Dunbar United Kingdom Dunbar's number(s): constraints on the social world [108]
2016 Margaret Lock Canada Mutable Environments and the Permeable Human Body 11 November 2016 [109]
2017 Margaret Conkey United States Field Walking, Walking the Field: Anthropological Archaeology as Viewed from Deep Time [110]
2018 Anna Tsing United States Feral Atlas:The More-than-Human Anthropocene 29 November 2018 [111][112]
2019 Chris Hann United Kingdom Economy and Ethics in the Cosmic Process 18 December 2019 [113]
2020 Stephen Levinson United Kingdom The ‘interaction engine’: the evolution of the infrastructure for language 14 December 2020 [114]
2021 Stephen Shennan United Kingdom Population and the dynamics of culture change 14 December 2021 [115]
2022 Marcia Langton No lecture [81]
2023 Chris Stringer United Kingdom Mostly Out of Africa: how, when and where 8 November 2023 [116]
2024 Alex de Waal United Kingdom

References

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  63. ^ Schapera, I. (1969). "The Crime of Sorcery". Proceedings of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (1969): 15. doi:10.2307/3031744.
  64. ^ Forde, Daryll (1970). "Ecology and Social Structure". Proceedings of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (1970): 15. doi:10.2307/3031737.
  65. ^ Murdock, George Peter (1971). "Anthropology's Mythology". Proceedings of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (1971): 17. doi:10.2307/3031759.
  66. ^ Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (1972). "Origin and Differentiation of Human Races". Proceedings of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland: 15–25. doi:10.2307/3031730. ISSN 0080-4169.
  67. ^ Wachsmann, Klaus (1973). "Spencer to Hood: A Changing View of Non-European Music". Proceedings of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (1973): 5. doi:10.2307/3031717.
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