Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Hopper (DVR)

Hopper
Hopper with Sling box
DeveloperDish Network
ManufacturerEchostar
TypeDigital video recorder
Release dateMarch 2012 (2012-03)
System on a chipBroadcom 7420
Broadcom 7425 (Hopper with Sling)
Storage2 TB hard drive, expandable via eSATA
ConnectivityBluetooth, Coaxial cable, Ethernet
Wi-Fi (Hopper with Sling and Hopper 3 only)
Websitedish.com/technology/hopper/

Hopper is a line of digital video recording (DVR) set-top boxes offered by the U.S. direct-broadcast satellite television provider Dish Network. First introduced at Consumer Electronics Show in January 2012, the Hopper was released in March 2012 as a component of the provider's whole-home DVR system, which networks the main Hopper unit with smaller "Joey" set-top boxes to form a client-server architecture.[1]

The Hopper is primarily distinguished by its "Primetime Anytime" functionality, which automatically records primetime programming off the four major U.S. television networks, while a later software update added "AutoHop", which allows commercials to automatically be removed from these recordings. The following year at the Consumer Electronics Show, Dish Network introduced an updated version known as Hopper with Sling, which integrates Slingbox place-shifting technology directly into the box.[2]

Both versions of the Hopper were met with universal praise by technology publications, particularly surrounding its "PrimeTime Anytime" functionality, the AutoHop feature, integration with smartphones and tablets, and the addition of built-in place-shifting to its second iteration. However, despite the positive reception, the Hopper became the subject of a copyright lawsuit filed by major U.S. broadcasters shortly after its release, who questioned the legality of the AutoHop feature by considering it to be an attack on their business model.[3] Although unsuccessful in its lawsuits against Dish Network, ABC (Disney), CBS and Fox Broadcasting Company have since used carriage agreements and other settlements to impose requirements for AutoHop to be disabled on their respective primetime programs for a period after their original air date.

The Hopper with Sling model was the subject of a related controversy when its "Best in Show" award at CES was vetoed by CBS—whose website CNET issued the award on behalf of CES organizers, because it was a party of active litigation with Dish Network. Due to the conflict of interest and its opinion of the device as being "pro-innovation and pro-consumer", CES organizers removed CNET from the "Best in Show" program, and reinstated the award. After a lawsuit which shut down Aereo (a service that allowed users to rent an antenna from a centralized location to watch over-the-air television online) as an unauthorized "public performance" of copyrighted television programming, Fox argued in court that the place-shifting functionality of Hopper with Sling was "virtually identical" and thus also a violation. However, its claim was rejected by the court.

Specifications

A Dish set-top-box, called Joey, used as a client for a Hopper

The Hopper is powered by a Broadcom 7420 system-on-chip, and contains a 2-terabyte hard drive; part of the drive is reserved for automatic recordings and video on demand content. The Hopper contains three satellite tuners, and can be networked with up to 3 smaller set-top boxes, known as a Joey, as clients for whole-home DVR access; they are attached to the main Hopper unit via coaxial cable. It also includes an Ethernet port, and eSATA and USB ports for attaching external storage. A Zigbee-based RF remote control is included. The Hopper with Sling model contains an upgraded Broadcom 7425 chip and built-in Wi-Fi, but is otherwise similar to the original model.[4][5][6]

In January 2014, Dish Network unveiled new "Super Joey" and wireless Joey units; the Super Joey contains two additional network ports, allowing users to record up to eight programs at once (four from the major networks, four from other channels). "Virtual Joey" apps were also unveiled for LG smart TVs, PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4, which allow the devices to act as set-top boxes.[7][8]

In January 2015, Dish Network unveiled a 4K ultra HD Joey for release in mid-2015, which can stream 4K video from a Hopper downloaded via satellite, has the ability to display two HD channels at once picture-in-picture, and has a thin form factor designed to be mounted behind a television. Dish also unveiled a new simplified remote control for the Hopper featuring a clickable touchpad and a microphone for voice commands: upon its release, it became standard with new installations, and is purchasable as an add-on for existing systems.[9][10]

In January 2016, Dish Network unveiled Hopper 3, a new revision with upgraded hardware, USB 3.0 support, 16 tuners, and a new "Sports Bar Mode" that displays a grid of multiple channels at once on 4K televisions.[11]

Features

The Hopper provides standard television functionality, including an electronic program guide, picture-in-picture support, and digital video recorder functionality.[1] The "Primetime Anytime" feature uses one of the three tuners on the unit to automatically record primetime programming being broadcast by the four major U.S. television networks (ABC, CBS, NBC, and Fox) and presents them in a special menu; unless otherwise saved, these recordings are kept for 8 days. Internet-enabled apps on the Hopper on-launch included Blockbuster Video on Demand, CNBC, Facebook, MSNBC, Pandora Radio, Twitter, and The Weather Channel.[4][5][12] In April 2012, a feature called "AutoHop" was added, which automatically edits commercial breaks out of the PrimeTime Anytime recordings. Due to contractual restrictions implemented since the launch of Hopper, AutoHop functionality is no longer available for ABC, CBS, or Fox programming within certain timeframes.[13][14][15][16]

With an optional adapter, the Hopper can be used with Slingbox for place-shifting. The Hopper with Sling model extends this ability as a built-in feature of the box itself, allowing the ability to watch live TV and DVR recordings online or through the Dish Anywhere mobile app for Android and iOS smartphones and tablets, and the ability to "fling" video from a mobile device (such as videos or photos) onto the TV as well. The Dish Anywhere app also allows DVR recordings to be downloaded from the DVR to the smartphone or tablet for offline viewing, and the Dish Explorer app also provides control of the Hopper along with integration with social networks to track trends and reactions to a program.[2][6][17]

In July 2013, Dish Network introduced an SDK for developing third-party mobile apps that can integrate with the Hopper, and in September 2013, announced a partnership with Control4 to implement the ability to control and integrate with home automation systems through the device.[18][19]

In January 2017, Dish announced that Hopper would soon support pairing with Amazon Echo smart speakers, and that Hopper 2 and 3 models would support multi-room music streaming via DTS Play-Fi.[20] Google Assistant support via Google Home was also added the following year.[21]

Reception

The Hopper was critically praised by various technology publications; PC Magazine gave the Hopper an "Excellent" rating of 4.5 out of 5, concluding that "It only has three tuners to the TiVo Elite's four and it doesn't suggest and automatically populate your DVR schedule based on your watching habits, but its price, clean design, and easy support for multi-room DVR make it a must-have for Dish Network subscribers." Engadget was similarly positive; despite noticing issues with certain aspects of its user interface, "all that being said, things will get much more interesting when other providers get on the whole-home DVR game and start to offer as many TV anywhere options as Dish, but for now the Hopper offers some unique, desirable features that you just can't get anywhere else."[4][5]

PC Magazine gave the Hopper with Sling version a 5 out of 5, for "[packing] a staggering array of features into a single box that comes free with a Dish Network subscription package, and lets you watch satellite TV programming at home or anywhere you have an Internet connection. It easily earns our enthusiastic recommendation."[6] CNET praised the Hopper with Sling for being cutting-edge technology that "helps Dish make a strong case that its HD DVR is the most advanced out there." It subsequently nominated the new Hopper for the CES Best in Show award (which was decided by CNET), and had won the award based on the original vote of CNET's staff. However, CNET's parent company CBS Corporation vetoed the results and disqualified the device for legal reasons.[22][23]

AutoHop lawsuits

Copyright lawsuits

The AutoHop functionality of the Hopper was met with considerable legal controversy from the owners of the four major U.S. networks. Leslie Moonves, CBS chief executive, asked rhetorically how he is to produce CSI without the revenue stream of commercials. News Corporation refused to accept Dish advertising for the device. A Forrester Research analyst said the move demonstrated Dish's desperation to keep customers at a time when alternative programming is readily available via the Internet.[3][24][25][26]

On May 24, 2012, Dish and the networks filed suit in federal court, the Dish case in Manhattan and the networks' cases in Los Angeles. On May 30, U.S. District Judge Laura Taylor Swain ruled the networks' cases should not be filed in Los Angeles and asked for comments on a possible move of all cases to New York.[27] In the midst of the lawsuit, small-market television station owner Hoak Media Corporation pulled its 14 local stations from Dish Network on June 6, 2012, demanding a 200 percent increase in carriage fees and the dropping of the AutoHop feature. David Shull, Dish senior vice president of programming, accused Hoak of effectively telling Dish's customers that they must watch commercials, disrespecting customer control over its services. Eight days later, the two companies announced a distribution deal. Terms were not disclosed.[28][29][30]

At a "Future of Video" hearing with the United States House Energy Subcommittee on Communications and Technology on June 27, 2012, Charlie Ergen made further remarks defending the legality of the Hopper and AutoHop, stating that the service "[does] nothing more than improving upon existing, legally accepted, and widely available technologies". He also remarked that with the feature, "allowing your kids to watch TV doesn’t have to mean they have no choice but to see commercials for junk food and alcohol." The next day, Michael Petricone of the Consumer Electronics Association spoke to the subcommittee, likening Hopper to earlier time shifting devices, and stating that the device would encourage people to watch TV more.[31][32]

In preliminary judgement on July 9, Swain denied Dish's request to set aside the issue of copyright violations, ruling that Dish's argument lacked specificity. She also ruled that the case could be heard in Los Angeles, thereby eliminating New York as a potential venue.[33] On November 7, 2012, the United States District Court for the Central District of California denied Fox's motion for preliminary injunction for the reasons mainly because PTAT and AutoHop did not infringe copyrights and did not breach the contract; and while QA copies constituted a copyright infringement and breached the contract, the harm from the copies was not irreparable, but was compensable with money.[34] Fox appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. On July 24, 2013, the Ninth Circuit reviewed the district court's decision with a very deferential standard of review, and affirmed it.[35]

In March 2014, Disney dropped its lawsuit against Dish Network with the signing of a comprehensive carriage deal for its networks (along with several new networks, such as Disney Junior, Longhorn Network, and SEC Network), including high definition feeds and TV Everywhere access for the networks and ABC owned-and-operated stations, and the ability to distribute their networks on a planned over-the-top internet television service. As a condition of the new deal, Dish Network agreed to disable the ability to use AutoHop on ABC programming within 72 hours of its original airing.[36][14]

In June 2014, following a court decision which ruled that Aereo—a service which allowed users to rent an antenna to stream over-the-air television channels over the internet—was engaging in an unauthorized public performance of copyrighted television programming,[37] Fox also argued to the Ninth Circuit that the place-shifting functionality of the Hopper with Sling boxes constituted "virtually identical" practices, "albeit also in violation of an express contractual prohibition", and that Dish "repeatedly raised" a defense that it was merely a provider of equipment and not the content streamed using it—which had been rejected during the Aereo case. Dish objected to Fox's claim, stating that "customers pay for the right to receive works, with Fox’s authorization, and do receive them at home before sending them to themselves," and that the device was not centrally controlled.[38]

The Ninth Circuit ruled in favor of Dish Network, finding that Fox had "not shown a likelihood that Dish Network’s 'Dish Anywhere' and 'Hopper Transfers' technology would irreparably harm Fox before final adjudication", and in response to the claims regarding the Sling functionality, that "the Supreme court has all sorts of caveats in the opinion about how this was about Aereo and nothing else and a lot of the 'nothing elses' seem to be pretty similar to Slingbox."[39] In December 2014, Dish Network reached a new carriage deal with CBS, restricting the use of AutoHop on CBS programming for seven days after its original airing.[13] In February 2016, a similar settlement was made with Fox, in which AutoHop cannot be used on Fox programming for seven days after its original airing.[16]

Parent infringement

In March 2023, Dish Network was ordered to pay $469 million to ClearPlay for infringing two patents associated with its parental control software in its implementation of AutoHop.[40][41]

CES Best in Show controversy

At the 2013 Consumer Electronics Show, the staff of CNET—a technology news website owned by the CBS Interactive division of CBS, voted for the show's official Best in Show award on behalf of its organizers, the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA). CNET had named the Hopper with Sling as its winner; however, CBS abruptly disqualified the Hopper, and vetoed the results because the company was in active litigation with Dish Network. CNET also announced that it was no longer allowed to review products and services by companies that are in litigation with CBS. The new results subsequently gave the Best in Show award to the Razer Edge tablet instead.[22][23][42]

Dish Network CEO Joe Clayton said that the company was "saddened that CNET’s staff is being denied its editorial independence because of CBS’ heavy handed tactics."[22] On January 14, 2013, editor-in-chief Lindsey Turrentine addressed the situation, stating that CNET's staff were in an "impossible" situation due to the conflict of interest posed by the situation, and promised that she would do everything within her power to prevent a similar incident from occurring again. The conflict also prompted one CNET senior writer, Greg Sandoval, to resign.[23]

The decision also drew the ire of staff from the CEA; CEO Gary J. Shapiro criticized the decision in a USA Today op-ed column and a statement by the CEA, stating that "making television easier to watch is not against the law. It is simply pro-innovation and pro-consumer." Shapiro felt that the decision also hurt the confidence of CNET's readers and staff, "destroying its reputation for editorial integrity in an attempt to eliminate a new market competitor." As a result of the controversy and fearing damage to the show's brand, the CEA announced on January 31, 2013 that CNET will no longer decide the CES Best in Show award winner due to the interference of CBS (the position would be offered to other technology publications), and the "Best in Show" award was jointly awarded to both the Hopper with Sling and Razer Edge.[42]

References

  1. ^ a b "Dish Network's Joey and Hopper DVR system now available". The Verge. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
  2. ^ a b Lendino, Jamie. "CES 2013: Dish Launches Sling-Enabled Hopper". PC World. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
  3. ^ a b Stelter, Brian (2012-05-16). "A DVR Ad Eraser Causes Tremors at TV Upfronts". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2013-01-30. Retrieved 2020-01-31.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  4. ^ a b c "Dish Network Hopper". PC Magazine. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  5. ^ a b c "Dish Hopper whole-home DVR review". Engadget. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  6. ^ a b c "Dish Network Hopper With Sling". PC Magazine. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  7. ^ "Dish expands Hopper DVR platform with Super Joey, Wireless Joey set-top boxes". The Verge. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
  8. ^ "Dish's 'Virtual Joey' app brings the Hopper DVR experience to LG Smart TVs". The Verge. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
  9. ^ "Dish Network will have 4K this summer for every UHD TV". Engadget. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
  10. ^ "CES: Dish makes its 4K play". Multichannel News. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
  11. ^ "Dish's Hopper 3 DVR lets you watch four shows at once on your 4K TV". The Verge. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  12. ^ "DISH Hopper With Sling: The Evening Shift". Wired. 11 March 2013.
  13. ^ a b "Dish strikes deal to end CBS blackout, but Auto Hop is neutered in the process". 6 December 2014. Retrieved 9 December 2014.
  14. ^ a b "Disney, Dish Network reach truce on ad-skipping AutoHop". Los Angeles Times. 4 March 2014. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
  15. ^ "Dish Network adds 'Auto Hop' commercial skipping feature to its Hopper DVRs". Engadget. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  16. ^ a b "In Deal With Fox, Dish Agrees to Disable Ad-Skipping for 7 Days After Shows First Air". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  17. ^ "Dish Anywhere update will let Android, iOS users download DVR recordings for offline use". The Verge. 12 November 2013. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  18. ^ "Dish Hopper DVRs open up to home automation control, we wonder what's next". Engadget. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
  19. ^ "Dish Demos Z-Wave/ZigBee Home Automation via Hopper DVR". CEPro. 16 January 2014.
  20. ^ "Dish brings Alexa and multi-room music to Hopper DVRs". Engadget. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  21. ^ "Google Assistant now works with 5,000 smart home devices – TechCrunch". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 2018-06-25.
  22. ^ a b c "Dish Recorder Snubbed for CNET Award Over CBS Legal Scuffle". Wall Street Journal. 10 January 2013. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
  23. ^ a b c Albanesius, Chloe. "CNET Picked Dish Hopper as 'Best of CES' ... Until CBS Stepped In". PC Magazine. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
  24. ^ Bauder, David (2012-05-22). "Auto Hop Ad Zapper: Dish Network's New DVR Feature Has TV Networks Worried". HuffPost. Archived from the original on 2013-01-26. Retrieved 2020-01-31.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  25. ^ "DISH Sues Networks in Federal Court". Dish Network press release. May 14, 2012. Archived from the original on 31 May 2012. Retrieved 30 June 2012.
  26. ^ "Moody's: Dish's Ad-Skipping 'Auto Hop' Could Hurt TV Industry". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones Newswires. 2012-05-25. Archived from the original on June 4, 2012. Retrieved 2012-06-29.
  27. ^ Jeffrey, Don (June 5, 2012). "Dish's Ad-Skip Tool May Benefit From Cablevision DVR Case". Bloomberg. Retrieved June 5, 2012.
  28. ^ Flint, Joe (June 6, 2012). "Dish claims broadcaster pulled signals in part because of AutoHop". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
  29. ^ "Because of dispute, DISH customers lose Hastings' KHAS-TV". Lincoln Journal Star. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
  30. ^ Flint, Joe (June 14, 2012). "Dish Network and Hoak Media reach new deal". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  31. ^ Tarr, Greg (2012-06-28). "CEA Supports AutoHop Innovation". TWICE. Archived from the original on 2012-07-04. Retrieved 2012-06-29.
  32. ^ "Dish's Charlie Ergen Suggests AutoHop Shields Kids from Junk Food Ads". The Hollywood Reporter. 27 June 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2014.
  33. ^ Flint, Joe (July 9, 2012). "Networks score in AutoHop fight against Dish". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on July 12, 2012. Retrieved July 10, 2012.
  34. ^ Fox Broadcasting v. Dish Network, District Court for the Central District of California (hosted by Santa Clara law Digital Commons) (District Court for the Central District of California November 7, 2012).
  35. ^ Fox Broadcasting v. Dish Network, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit July 24, 2013).
  36. ^ Liebermann, David (3 March 2014). "Dish And Disney Finalize Output Deal That Ends Their Ad-Hopper Dispute". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
  37. ^ "Aereo loses to broadcasters in Supreme Court fight for its life". The Verge. 25 June 2014. Retrieved 28 June 2014.
  38. ^ "Fox wants Aereo Supreme Court ruling applied to Dish Network's Hopper". Denver Business Journal. Retrieved 2 August 2014.
  39. ^ "Ninth Circuit Won't Block Hopper Either". Multichannel News. Retrieved 2 August 2014.
  40. ^ Brittain, Blake (2023-03-13). "Dish hit with $469 million verdict over commercial-skipping technology". Reuters. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  41. ^ "DISH Must Pay ClearPlay $469 Million Over DVR Tech, Jury Says". Bloomberg Law. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  42. ^ a b "CNET loses CES awards following Dish Hopper controversy; DVR named 'Best In Show'". The Verge. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 31 January 2013.

External links

Baca informasi lainnya:

SD Negeri Depok 5InformasiDidirikan26 Desember 1984JenisNegeriAkreditasiANomor Statistik Sekolah101026601048Nomor Pokok Sekolah Nasional20228710Kepala SekolahSyamsudin S.PdRentang kelasI, II, III, IV, V, VIKurikulumKurikulum 2013StatusSekolah Standar NasionalAlamatLokasiJl. Pemuda No.31, Depok, Kec. Pancoran Mas, Depok, Jawa Barat, IndonesiaTel./Faks.(021) 7521432Situs webSitus ResmiSurelsdn_depok5@yahoo.co.idMoto SD Negeri Depok 5 adalah sebuah sekolah dasar negeri yang terletak di De…

Portal maintenance status: (June 2018) This portal's subpages have been checked by an editor, and are needed. Please take care when editing, especially if using automated editing software. Learn how to update the maintenance information here. Portal topics Activities Culture Geography Health History Mathematics Nature People Philosophy Religion Society Technology Random portal Wikipedia portal for content related to Monarchy The Monarchy Portal The Weld-Blundell Prism is inscribed with the S…

Nhân LinuxChú chim cánh cụt Tux biểu tượng của Linux[1]Linux kernel 3.0.0 đang khởi độngNhà phát triểnLinus Torvalds và hàng ngàn cộng tác viênĐược viết bằngC và assembly[2]Họ hệ điều hànhTương tự UnixPhát hànhlần đầu0.01 (17 tháng 9 năm 1991; 32 năm trước (1991-09-17))Có hiệu lựctrongĐa ngôn ngữLoại nhânMonolithicGiấy phépGNU General Public License, v2[3][4] cộng v

Mechanical, toroid gasket that seals an interface This article is about the mechanical seal. For other uses, see Oring. Typical O-ring and application An O-ring, also known as a packing or a toric joint, is a mechanical gasket in the shape of a torus; it is a loop of elastomer with a round cross-section, designed to be seated in a groove and compressed during assembly between two or more parts, forming a seal at the interface. The O-ring may be used in static applications or in dynamic applicati…

Questa voce o sezione sugli argomenti attori italiani e doppiatori italiani non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Ferruccio Amendola nel 1985 Ferruccio Amendola (Torino, 22 luglio 1930 – Roma, 3 settembre 2001) è stato un attore, doppiatore e direttore del doppiaggio italiano. È noto soprattutto…

I Do! I Do!MusicHarvey SchmidtLyricsTom JonesBookTom JonesBasisJan de Hartog play The FourposterProductions1966 Broadway 1969 Australia 1982 US Television 1996 Off-Broadway revival I Do! I Do! is a musical with a book and lyrics by Tom Jones and music by Harvey Schmidt which is based on the Jan de Hartog play The Fourposter. The two-character story spans 50 years, from 1895 to 1945, as it focuses on the ups and downs experienced by Agnes and Michael throughout their marriage. The set consists so…

Ur Livrustkammarens samlingar: Brigitta Scherzenfeldts rock och kaftan, plagg som härrörde från tiden i kalmuckisk fångenskap. Brigitta Christina Scherzenfeldt, som gift Bernow, Lindström, Ziems, och Renat, född på Bäckaskog kungsgård i Skåne 1684, död 1736, var en svensk kvinna som tillfångatogs och såldes som slav under det stora Nordiska kriget. Hennes öde är, efter Lovisa von Burghausens, det mest uppmärksammade kvinnödet bland de många civila karolinska krigsfångarna unde…

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أبريل 2018) إيفون نيفيجين   معلومات شخصية الميلاد 1900غنت  تاريخ الوفاة 1987 الجنسية بلجيكية الحياة العملية المهنة ناشطة سياسية أعمال بارزة إحدى قادة منظمة ساعدت على إخ

Edmond Picard. Buste van Louis Mascré (1918) Edmond Picard (Brussel, 15 december 1836 - Dave, 19 februari 1924) was een eminente Belgische jurist en literator. Hij was stafhouder, hoogleraar in de rechten, schrijver, toneelauteur, senator, journalist, kunstmecenas, vrijmetselaar, rozenkruiser en invloedrijk antisemitisch theoreticus. Levensloop Hij stamde uit een familie van Waalse rechtsgeleerden en magistraten. Picard volgde middelbare studies aan het atheneum van Brussel en ging op zijn zeve…

阿卜杜·迪乌夫Abdou Diouf第2任法语国家及地区国际组织秘书长任期2003年1月1日—2014年12月31日前任布特羅斯·布特羅斯-加利继任庄美楷第2任塞内加尔总统任期1981年1月1日—2000年4月9日总理哈比卜·锡亚姆(英语:Habib Thiam)穆斯塔法·尼亚斯(英语:Moustapha Niasse)哈比卜·锡亚姆(英语:Habib Thiam)马马杜·拉明·卢姆(英语:Mamadou Lamine Loum)前任利奥波德·塞达尔·桑戈尔继任阿…

Canadian IPTV provider This article is about Bell Fibe TV services offered in major urban centres of Ontario and Quebec by Bell Canada. For Internet, see Bell Internet. For the communications company, see Bell Canada. For Fibe services offered by Bell Aliant in Atlantic Canada, see Fibe (Bell Aliant). This article contains content that is written like an advertisement. Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links, and by adding encyclopedic content writ…

Wouldn't It Be Nice: My Own Story AuthorBrian Wilson, Todd GoldCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishGenreAutobiography, memoirPublishedHarperCollinsPublication date1991 (1991)Media typeHardcoverPages398ISBN978-0-06018-313-4 Wouldn't It Be Nice: My Own Story is the first memoir by American musician Brian Wilson, written with celebrity journalist Todd Gold and published by HarperCollins in 1991. The book was heavily criticized for the implausibility of Wilson being its actual author, and i…

Coordenadas: 36° 57' N, 121° 49' W Aptos Hills-Larkin Valley Localidade dos Estados Unidos Aptos Hills-Larkin Valley Localização de Aptos Hills-Larkin Valley em Califórnia Aptos Hills-Larkin Valley Localização de Aptos Hills-Larkin Valley nos Estados Unidos Localização 36° 57' 39 N 121° 49' 52 O Condado Condado de Santa Cruz Estado  Califórnia Tipo de localidade Região censitária Características geográficas Área 24,0 km² - água 0,1 km² População (2000) …

Digital radio services are broadcast from sites such as Three Rock Mountain (pictured) Digital Radio in the Republic of Ireland is broadcast on a number of digital terrestrial, cable and internet platforms. Until the 31 March 2021, official broadcasts of the digital audio broadcasting standard were also available in the state by Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ) of their full banquet of radio services.[1] DAB broadcasts since April 2021 are now restricted to unlicensed, low powered multi…

Sir Pierce LacyBt JP KCSGBornPierce Thomas Lacy(1872-02-16)16 February 1872Edgbaston, Birmingham, EnglandDied25 December 1956(1956-12-25) (aged 84)NationalityBritishOccupationStockbroker Sir Pierce Thomas Lacy, 1st Baronet, JP, KCSG (16 February 1872 – 25 December 1956) was an English stockbroker. Early life and education Lacy was born in Edgbaston, Birmingham, the second of five sons (there were four daughters also) of Wexford-born John Pierce Lacy (1839-1906) of Oakm…

American politician (1882–1947) Oliver Max GardnerUnder Secretary of the TreasuryIn office1946–1947PresidentHarry S. TrumanPreceded byDaniel W. BellSucceeded byA. L. M. Wiggins57th Governor of North CarolinaIn officeJanuary 11, 1929 – January 5, 1933LieutenantRichard T. FountainPreceded byAngus Wilton McLeanSucceeded byJohn C. B. Ehringhaus13th Lieutenant Governor of North CarolinaIn officeJanuary 11, 1917 – January 12, 1921GovernorThomas W. BickettPreceded byElijah L. …

Genus of molluscs (fossil) RhacophyllitesTemporal range: Upper Triassic, 217–212 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ Rhacophyllites debilis from Austria, on display at Galerie de paléontologie et d'anatomie comparée in Paris Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca Class: Cephalopoda Subclass: †Ammonoidea Order: †Ammonitida Family: †Discophyllitidae Genus: †RhacophyllitesZittel, 1884 Rhacophyllites is an extinct genus of cephalopods b…

Indian Political Party Indian political party Karnataka Rashtra Samithi AbbreviationKRSPresidentRavi Krishna Reddy[1][2]FounderRavi Krishna Reddy[3]Founded2019[4]HeadquartersBengaluru[5]Colours  YellowECI StatusUnrecognised Registered PartySeats in Karnataka Legislative Assembly0 / 224 Websitekrsparty.orgPolitics of IndiaPolitical partiesElections Karnataka Rashtra Samithi (KRS) is an Indian political party based in Karnataka.[6][…

سيانيد نموذج الكرة والعصا of the cyanide anion تسمية الاتحاد الدولي للكيمياء Cyanide المعرفات الخواص الصيغة الجزيئية CN- الكتلة المولية 26.007 g mol-1 في حال عدم ورود غير ذلك فإن البيانات الواردة أعلاه معطاة بالحالة القياسية (عند 25 °س و 100 كيلوباسكال) تعديل مصدري - تعديل   أيون السيانيد ا…

Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India Colaba Assembly constituency is one of the 288 Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) constituencies of Maharashtra state within Mumbai City in western India.[1] Rahul Narwekar of the BJP is currently the MLA of Colaba Constituency Overview Colaba (constituency number 187) is one of the ten Vidhan Sabha constituencies located in the Mumbai City district.[2] Colaba is part of the Mumbai South Lok Sabha constituency along w…

Railway station in Kerala, India Kannur (Cannanore)കണ്ണൂർCommuter rail and Regional rail stationKannur Railway Station nameboard on platformGeneral informationLocationKannur, Kerala, PIN-670 001IndiaCoordinates11°52′08″N 75°21′20″E / 11.8689°N 75.3555°E / 11.8689; 75.3555Elevation16 metres (52 ft)Owned byIndian RailwaysOperated bySouthern Railway zoneLine(s)2Platforms4 (1A, 1, 2 & 3)Tracks10ConnectionsTaxi Stand, Auto Service, Kannur Centr…

American politician For other people named Gustavus Smith, see Gustavus Smith (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Gustavus Woodson Smith – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Gustavus Woodson SmithGustavus Woo…

1963 studio album by Miriam MakebaThe World of Miriam MakebaStudio album by Miriam MakebaReleased1963VenueWebster Hall (New York City)StudioRCA Studio A (New York City)Genre World music African music LabelRCA VictorProducerHugo & LuigiMiriam Makeba chronology The Many Voices of Miriam Makeba(1962) The World of Miriam Makeba(1963) The Voice of Africa(1964) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllMusic[1]Encyclopedia of Popular Music[2] The World of Miriam Makeb…

American engineer Carlo MontemagnoBorn(1956-08-07)August 7, 1956New York City, USDiedOctober 11, 2018(2018-10-11) (aged 62)St. Louis, Missouri, USAlma materCornell University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Notre DameAwardsFeynman Prize in Nanotechnology (2003)Earth Award Grand PrizeCNBC Business Top 10 Green Innovators awardBill & Melinda Gates Grand Challenge WinnerScientific careerFieldsBiomedical Engineering, Nanotechnology, BionanotechnologyInstitutionsUniversity…

Miami-Dade Transit metro station This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: University station Miami-Dade County – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2022) ●● UniversityMetrorail metro stationUniversity station during morning commute, December 2013General informationLo…

This article is about the Anglican bishop. For the footballer, see Tim Stevens (footballer). For the disc jockey, see Tiger Tim Stevens. The Right ReverendTim StevensCBE GCStJBishop of LeicesterStevens in 2011ChurchChurch of EnglandDioceseDiocese of LeicesterIn office1999 – 11 July 2015 (retired)PredecessorTom ButlerSuccessorMartyn SnowOther post(s)Bishop of Dunwich (1995–1999)Convenor of the Lords Spiritual (November 2009 – May 2015)[1]OrdersOrdinatio…

Sofia PolyakovaBornSofia Viktorovna Polyakova1914 (1914)Petrograd, USSRDied1994 (aged 79–80)Saint Petersburg, RussiaNationalityRussianOther namesSofiâ Viktorovna Polâkova, Sofia Poliakova, Sophia Poliakova, Sophia Polyakova, S. V. Polyakova,OccupationacademicYears active1938-1972Known forByzantine translations and rediscovery of Sophia Parnok Sofia Polyakova (Russian: София Викторовна Полякова, 1914–1994) was a Soviet classical philologis…

Hubungan Israel–Tonga Israel Tonga Hubungan Israel–Tonga adalah hubungan bilateral antara Negara Israel dan KerajaanTonga. Israel diwakilkan di Tonga melalui kedubesnya di Wellington, Selandia Baru. Tonga memiliki seorang konsul kehormatan di Israel, bernama Ron Kleiman.[1] Referensi ^ מר קליימן רון, קונסול כבוד טונגה, List of Israeli consuls lbs Hubungan luar negeri IsraelAfrika Afrika Selatan Aljazair Angola Botswana Chad Eritrea Etiopia Ghana Guinea Guine…

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento centri abitati della Spagna non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. La Carreracomune La Carrera – VedutaFontana LocalizzazioneStato Spagna Comunità autonoma Castiglia e León Provincia Ávila TerritorioCoordinate40°20′52.08″N 5°33′16.92″W&…

В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с такой фамилией, см. Смирнова. Кира Смирнова Имя при рождении Кира Петровна Смирнова Дата рождения 5 мая 1922(1922-05-05) Место рождения Калуга, РСФСР Дата смерти 4 января 1996(1996-01-04) (73 года) Место смерти Москва, Россия Гражданство  СССР Рос…

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya