In ancient times, the main road through the Lachish region ran from the port city of Gaza through Gath, Lachish, Maresha, Azekah, the Elah Valley and the Ayalon Valley before turning east through the Beit Horon Ascent, to the Hill Road and Jerusalem. A break-off road ran from Maresha to the Hill Road at Hebron.[1]
Before the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, three kibbutzim were founded in the area - Gal On, Gat and Negba. Between 1955 and 1961 twenty more settlements were established. Lova Eliav was a driving force in the development of the region.[2]