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The town is located close to the border with Romania, 28 km (17 mi) southeast of Chernivtsi and 21 km (13 mi) north of Dorohoi. Until 2020, it was the least populous raion administrative center in Ukraine.[3]
From 1962 until December 1991 Hertsa was part of Hlyboka Raion.[5][6][7][8] Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it has been part of independent Ukraine. Until 18 July 2020, Hertsa served as an administrative center of Hertsa Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernivtsi Oblast to three. The area of Hertsa Raion was merged into Chernivtsi Raion.[9][10]
On 26 January 2024, a new law entered into force which abolished the status of some urban-type settlements, and the more populous other mostly ethnically Romanian cities, Krasnoilsk, formerly of Storozhynets Raion until 2020, and Solotvyno in Tiachiv Raion in Zakarpattia Oblast became rural settlements.[11]
In 1969, Hertsa had 1,500 inhabitants.[5] In January 1989, the population was 2,360 people,[13][7] while in January 2013, the population was 2,122 people.[14]
As of 2001, the majority of the inhabitants (71.18%, or 1,445 people) identified themselves as Romanians, 17.88% (or 363 people) as Ukrainians, 6.35% (or 129 people) as Russians and 3.4% (or 69 people) as Moldovans.[15][16] According to the 2001 census, the majority of the population of Herțsa (2,030 inhabitants overall) was Romanian-speaking (70.79% or 1,437 people, including 68.08%, or 1,382 people, who called it Romanian, and 2.71%, or 55 people, who called it Moldovan), with Ukrainian (17.98%, or 365 people) and Russian speakers (10.89%, or 221 people) in the minority.[17][18] In the last Soviet census of 1989, out of 2,122 inhabitants, 409 declared themselves Ukrainians (14.27%), 1,327 Romanians (62.54%), 116 Moldovans (5.47%), and 222 Russians (10.46%).[19] The decline in the number and proportion of Moldovans was explained by a switch from a census Moldovan to a census Romanian ethnic identity, and has continued after the 2001 census.[20] Hertsa is the only city in Ukraine that is mostly ethnically Romanian as well as the only one that is mostly Romanian-speaking.[21][22][23]
Notable people
Gheorghe Asachi (1788–1869), Moldavian and later Romanian prose writer, poet, painter, historian, dramatist, engineer, and translator
Herman Finer (1898–1969), Jewish Romanian-born British political scientist and Fabian socialist
Moisei Goldblat [ru; uk] (1896–1974), Jewish Romanian-born actor and director
Lucas Gridoux (1896–1952), Romanian-born French stage and film actor
^See the demographics of all the cities that were administrative centers in Ukraine in 2001, including the total population of each one, and also their population by language, at https://datatowel.in.ua/pop-composition/languages-cities.
^ abГерца, Глибоцький район, Чернівецька область // Історія міст і сіл Української РСР. Чернівецька область. — Київ, Головна редакція УРЕ АН УРСР, 1969.
^Герца // Большая Советская Энциклопедия. / под ред. А. М. Прохорова. 3-е изд. том 6. М., «Советская энциклопедия», 1971.
^ abГерца // Большой энциклопедический словарь (в 2-х тт.). / редколл., гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров. том 1. М., "Советская энциклопедия", 1991. стр.296
^Постанова Президії Верховної Ради України № 1892-XII від 2 грудня 1991 р. "Про утворення Герцаївського району Чернівецької області"
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