Alapraia, Alto dos Gaios, Areias, Atibá, Galiza, Bairro da Martinha, Bairro Sto António, Bairro Fausto Figueiredo, Estoril, Livramento, Monte Estoril, Monte Leite, São João do Estoril, São Pedro do Estoril
Estoril is one of the most expensive places to live in Portugal and the Iberian Peninsula. It is home to a sizable foreign community and known for its luxury restaurants, hotels, and entertainment.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Cascais is consistently ranked for its high quality of living, making it one of the most livable places in Portugal.[9][10]
Etymology
Estoril may derive from the Old Portugueseestorga (heather) - a common plant in the area – with the final meaning of "place where heather grows or is abundant", or from the Old Portuguese astor (Northern goshawk), meaning a place where such birds live.[11]
History
The Grande Casino Internacional Monte Estoril as seen in a 1920s postcardA Horasis Global Meeting reception at the Hotel Palácio; 2016.
The territory of Estoril has been inhabited for centuries, owing to its climatic conditions and favourable environment.[12] Throughout the civil parish there are scattered remains of these early communities — Phoenicians, Romans and Arabs selected this area for its strategic place in Western Europe.[12] There are remains of Roman villas in the parish that push back the history of the region to the first millennium, when the settlements of the coast were dependent on the fishing ports. From these settlements, Estoril inherited a rich cultural heritage, architecture, toponymy, habits and customs.[12]
In 1147, during the Reconquista, the region was brought under Christian control.[12]
Owing to its strategic location, the region was intimately linked to the Portuguese Age of Discovery and all the dynamic social and cultural upheavals that it originated.[12]
Its solid fortifications are a testament to the innumerable attacks by Spanish, French and Englishpirates and privateers. The many forts that dot the coastline are symbols of the resistance and battles that secured Portuguese independence and national interests.[12]
At the end of the monarchy, it was in the waters of Estoril that many sought refuge and escape. Aristocrats, nobles and others escaped through the ports along the Estoril coast to flee from the Republican forces.[12]
In the hilltop enclave of Monte Estoril (situated between Estoril and Cascais), is the Verdades-Faria Museum, built in 1917 by Jorge O'Neil.[12] In 1942, the building was bought by Mantero Belard[who?] and dedicated to the support of the arts and artists. Following his death, the building was donated to Cascais Council under the name of Verdades Faria and now houses the regional Museum of Portuguese Music.
During the Second World War, the region was a centre of spies and diplomatic secrecy, situations that provided the region with a cosmopolitan atmosphere and sophistication.[12] Due to the vision of Fausto Cardoso de Figueiredo and his business partner Augusto Carreira de Sousa, it became an international tourist destination both during and after the Second World War.[12]
It was also in this location that former Portuguese dictator António de Oliveira Salazar had a summer house. It was Salazar who ordered the construction of the E.N.6 motorway, more commonly referred to as the Avenida Marginal, in order for him to quickly travel by car between Cascais and Lisbon (until then the accessway was nothing more than a dirt road, where traffic could only circulate at low speed and make frequent stops).[12] The roadway permitted the dictator to travel rapidly, and with fewer stops, it wasn't possible for him to be recognized easily in transit.[12]
The coast of the civil parish of Cascais and Estoril, showing a mix of modern and historical architecture, as well as local fishing traditionThe Estoril Massif and geomorphology of the interior regions of the parish
The Estoril coast is relatively close to Lisbon, the Portuguese capital; it extends from Carcavelos, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the capital, and stretches as far as the beach of Guincho (sometimes referred colloquially as the Costa de Estoril-Sintra or Costa de Lisboa). Estoril includes several smaller boroughs and localities along the coastline, namely (from east to west): São Pedro do Estoril, São João do Estoril, Santo António do Estoril (or simply Estoril) and Monte Estoril, as well as other to the interior.
Estoril is popularly recognized for the Casino Estoril, widely regarded as Europe's largest casino.[12]
Motorsport events are frequent at the Estoril Circuit, although Formula One is no longer on the circuit's calendar. This was due to the circuit not coming up to FIA safety standards, leading to the 1997 event being canceled. Following a review on safety, Estoril was reshaped in 1999, the first two corners being affected the most. Today's circuit is 4.183 km (2.599 mi) in length and is run in a clockwise fashion. The circuit also used to host MotoGP, among other lower formula events.
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (May 2016)
There are numerous education opportunities in and near Estoril, including a number of private schools for expats. The German community hosts a kindergarten and elementary school campus of the German School of Lisbon.[16] True to the high-end living in the area, there are schools for tennis [2], art [3], and intensive academic training from age five through college [4][5]. There are dozens of schools in the area. Most appear to be private, though six of the public schools can be reviewed at Agrupamento de Escolas de Parede.[17]
Notable people
Fulgencio Batista (1901-1973) Cuban dictator, lived in Estoril briefly before dying.
King Carol II of Romania lived in Estoril after abdication.
^Correia, J.Diogo (1964). «Toponimia do Concelho de Cascais» (PDF). Camara Municipal de Cascais. Consultado em 5 de novembro de 2018.
^ abcdefghijklmnJunta Freguesia, ed. (2011). "História" (in Portuguese). Estoril (Cascais), Portugal: Junta Freguesia de Estoril. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
^"Kontakt"/"ContactosArchived 2017-12-17 at the Wayback Machine." German School of Lisbon. Retrieved on May 5, 2016. German: "Deutsche Schule Lissabon Kindergarten, Grundschule, Gymnasium Rua Prof. Francisco Lucas Pires 1600-891 Lisboa Portugal" and "Deutsche Schule Lissabon - Standort Estoril Kindergarten, Grundschule Rua Dr. António Martins, 26 2765-194 Estoril Portugal" ; Portuguese: "Escola Alemã de Lisboa Jardim Infantil, Escola Primária e Liceu Rua Prof. Francisco Lucas Pires 1600-891 Lisboa Portugal" and "Escola Alemã de Lisboa - Dependência do Estoril Jardim de Infância, Escola Primária Rua Dr. António Martins, 26 2765-194 Estoril Portugal"
^"[1]" (Schools - Grouping of Walls Schools). Retrieved on March 16, 2021.
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