Eastbourne United A.F.C.

Eastbourne United
Full nameEastbourne United Association Football Club
Nickname(s)United/Whites
Founded2003
GroundThe Oval, Eastbourne
ChairmanMatt Thompson
ManagerAnthony Storey
LeagueSouthern Combination Premier Division
2023–24Southern Combination Premier Division, 6th of 20
Websitehttps://www.eastbourneunitedafc.com/

Eastbourne United A.F.C. is a football club based in Eastbourne, England. They were formed in 2003 after a merger between Eastbourne United F.C. and Shinewater Association. In 2009 they were the Sussex County League champions for the first time in 53 years, 18 years after leaving the Isthmian League. They are currently members of the Southern Combination Premier Division.

History

Eastbourne United

Eastbourne United AFC's roots can be traced back to 1894, when the club was founded as the 1st Sussex Royal Engineers FC.[1] In this early period the club played nearby to where the Saffrons (home of Eastbourne Town) now stands, and at the South Lynn ground in Tutts Barn Road,[1] the site of their ground at this time is now covered by the St. Thomas a Beckett RC Primary School. The club then changed ground again in 1901 when Eastbourne Council gave the club permission to use Gildredge Park.[2] The club then changed its name in 1913 to 1st Home Counties Royal Engineers (Eastbourne) FC to reflect a merger between the RA Volunteers with the Territorial Army.[2]

After the War the club continued to play at Gildredge park and in 1920 the club name was changed to Eastbourne Royal Engineers Old Comrades as the Volunteers disbanded due to the end of the war.[2] During their first season as Eastbourne Royal Engineers Old Comrades the club got to the final of the East Sussex Cup beating the Royal Corps of Signals, the game however may be notable as the first ever outside broadcast of a sporting event in England as the Signals brought wireless equipment with them to send match reports back to their camp in Maresfield.[2] The club joined the Sussex County League in 1921 and made a permanent move from Gildredge Park to their Lynchmere ground.[2] In 1922 they changed their name again when ties with the Royal Engineers were broken and dropped the "Royal Engineers" part of the name, Eastbourne Old Comrades FC and started wearing the white and black stripes on their shirts.[2][3][4] At the end of the 1927–28 season they broke away from the Sussex County League and joined the Spartan League, shortening their name to Eastbourne Comrades FC.[4][5] They left the Spartan league at the end of the 1931–32 season and joined the Brighton, Hove & District League. They won Division One in 1932–33 and were runners-up the following season.[6] In 1935 they re-joined the Sussex County League.[5][7] After the end of the Second World War they rejoined the Sussex County League for the 1946–47 season. During this period, the club experienced difficult times. They moved to their current home, The Oval, after losing their Lynchmere Ground to development and could only manage mediocre league results.[1][2][8] In 1951 the name was changed for a sixth time to Eastbourne United FC.[8]

The club's fortunes changed with the new name and a new coach, George Smith, and between 1953 and 1956 they were twice County League champions, and runners-up once.[9] That success saw them move into the Metropolitan & District League in 1956 (subsequently the Metropolitan League), and in 1964 United joined Division Two of the Athenian League, winning the championship in 1966–67.[9]

Two seasons later, another promotion followed (as runners-up) and United were promoted to the Premier Division.[9] After just one season though, they were relegated back to Division One. However, in 1973/74 the League was re-organised and the Premier Division scrapped.[9]

In 1975 United were relegated to Division Two, and when the Athenian League was disbanded in 1977, joined Division Two of the Isthmian League, and subsequently Division Two (South) following reorganisation in 1984.[9] When further changes to the Isthmian structure were made in 1991, United found themselves in the new Division Three and after one season, opted to rejoin the County League.[9]

Shinewater Association

Shinewater Association was formed in 1990[2] as a replacement team for the Dental Estimates Board and a member of the East Sussex Football League, being based at the Temple Grove Playing field in the Old Town. Relocating to the Shinewater Lane playing field as the Shinewater Association Club were looking to form a football team. The club was accepted into the Sussex County League Division Three. Facilities at the time were basic, sharing the wooden pavilion building with a local cricket club. In 1992 the pavilion was destroyed in an arson attack and the cricket club relocated to The Saffrons taking the insurance money with them leaving the club with financial difficulties. A grant was secured from the Football Foundation and players were allowed to change in the association club build 400 yards away whilst a new clubhouse was being built. The new clubhouse was opened during the 1992–93 season and the cricket club moved back in, along with the money to improve the clubhouse which had not followed building regulations.

In the 1996–97 season the team saw promotion into the Second Division giving Eastbourne a fourth senior club. In years afterwards the ground saw continued vandalism, vehicles left on the pitch and set fire to and drainage problems to the pitch. In 2003 a proposal with Eastbourne United was sought and agreed in April 2003.[2]

United v Ampthill in the FA Vase March 2014

Placed in Division Two of the County League they struggled initially and in 1996 came perilously close to dropping down into intermediate football after finishing bottom.[9] They recovered however, and within two years had won promotion to Division One as runners-up to East Preston.[10] In 2001–02 however, United were relegated once more.[9]

Merged club

The decision was made to amalgamate with fellow Division Two club Shinewater Association FC at the end of the 2002–03 season.[11] A terrible playing surface at Shine's ground in Shinewater Lane, and failure to gain permission to erect the floodlights necessary to advance any further, made it difficult to attract players of sufficient quality in a town where they were already at a premium.[2] In addition, the ground was subject to constant vandalism.[2]

Under the leadership of former Shinewater manager Dave Shearing, the new club won promotion back to Division One at the first attempt after finishing third behind champions Littlehampton Town, and runners-up Worthing United.[1][12] That progression was maintained in 2004–05 with another excellent campaign and 5th place in the top flight of the County League.[13] With constant rumours of disquiet off the pitch in the local media, Shearing resigned at the end of the 2005–06 season to take a break from football (he subsequently joined Bexhill United), with the Club in 14th position.[1] He was succeeded by former Hailsham Town boss Brian Dennis.[1]

Dennis brought success to Eastbourne United at the end of the 2008–09 season when they lifted the RUR cup for the first time since 1956 and also reached the top of the table, but the Sussex FA had spotted that Chichester City had fielded a banned player in their squad and were deducted points, the Sussex FA had talks whether to award points to sides who have played against a team fielding an ineligible player, which would mean Horsham YMCA would be promoted.[14][15] However the Sussex FA declared that no points were to be given back and United were the Sussex County League champions, for the first time since 1956 giving Eastbourne United the double.[16]

After the end of the 2009–10 season, the Eastbourne United AFC committee took the decision to focus all their efforts on the proposed redevelopment of The Oval, which meant the playing budget was cut and as a result the majority of the first team squad left.[17] Brian Dennis left his role as manager in October 2010 and was replaced by then Reserve Team manager Paul Daubeney.[18] Daubeney couldn't save United from relegation to Division Two however as the club was only able to muster 10 points from their 38 league games.[19] The club remained in Division Two of the Sussex County League Until the 2013/14 Season, when under new manager Simon Rowland they were promoted as champions to Sussex County League Division one. During the 2013/14 promotion season, Rowland's men also had a long FA Vase run, ending only in defeat at the semi-final stage, losing 2–4 to Sholing F.C.

2018 to present

On 30 October 2018 chairman Brian Cordingley stepped down after two years and was replaced by Hastings-based businessman Billy Wood on 3 November.[20] A few days later Wood announced a five-year plan to bring the club into the modern era, involving redeveloping the Oval, bringing the club into the Isthmian league and to gain more support for Eastbourne United Association.[21] In February 2019, the Chairman Billy Wood announced Eastbourne United were to re-brand their home kit and club badge to reflect on their 125th year.[22] In December Wood signed Arron Hopkison as the new Manager.[23] The club were just on 2 points in the league having lost twelve games in a row. Saturday 27 April, the last day of the season, United were still bottom of the league on goal difference but won their last game away at Pagham completed the 'Great Escape' with a winner in the last minutes which took them out of the relegation zone and safely finishing the season 18th on goal difference to Arundel, who were relegated into Division One.

For the 2019/20 season, Billy stated plans that the club were aiming to finish in the top 6 of the league, but after a bad start and sitting near the bottom of the table, Aaron Hopkinson resigned as manager on the 10 September.[24] His assistant Matthew Crabb took over as caretaker manager which became a permanent position on ten days later.|[25] Billy Wood resigned as chairman on 17 September 2019[26] to become CEO of nearby Hastings United and Brian Cordingley resumed his position as chairman. Matt Crabb resigned as first team manager on 19 October 2020, which assistant manager Ray Collier stepped in to take over as first team manager.[27]

Colours

In the early history of the club, The 1st Sussex Royal Engineers kit was similar to the Royal Engineers but using stripes instead of hoops (the colours of red and blue being the regimental colours). The same kit colours were used for just over 55 years until the 1950–51 season where the club renamed itself as Eastbourne United and went to playing in white shirts and black shorts. In February 2019, Billy Wood, the chairman of the club announced a new kit for the 2019–20 season[22] to celebrate the clubs 125-year history.

Royal Engineers, 1894-1950
Eastbourne United. 1950-2019
125 years, 2019–2020

Ground

Gildredge Park 1901–1921

Gildredge Park

Having no official home until 1901, The 1st Royal Sussex Engineers, played their games at various locations such as Sheffield Park. In 1901 the club gained permission from Eastbourne Council to use Gildredge Park[2] in the Old Town as their home ground. Although not enclosed, the entrance was a voluntary donation of one penny. The pitch was given the nickname of 'The Switchback' due to the undulating playing surface.

Lynchmere 1921–1947

The team, now named for the third time as Eastbourne Royal Engineers Old Comrades, moved to the Lynchmere Ground[2] opposite Tutts Barn Lane. The first game played was the East Sussex Cup Final against the Royal Corps of Signals, also said to be the first ever outside broadcast sporting event in the country when the Royal Corps of Signals brought wireless equipment to relay news of the event back to their base in Maresfield. Materials from the Eastbourne Aviation Company and Southern Railway to enclose the pitch was completed by the help of volunteers, ready for the start of the 1921–22 Sussex County League season. The pitch was said to have a pronounced slope. By 1928, the club left the Sussex County League and joined the Spartan League and at this time the ground had a wooden grandstand and another enclosed structure built ready for their first game versus Colchester Town, now called Colchester United. Returning to the Sussex County league in 1935, the ground was hired out to a circus in the 1936 close season making the pitch unplayable until the end of October.

By the end of World War II, Lynchmere had a new owner and future tenancy was uncertain.[2] The ground was used by the Army in the war and was kept in good condition, although the seating was removed and the buildings badly damaged the club tried to claim compensation from the War Office. Which was refused as the ground was not officially commandeered and the club had no money. The 1946–47 season was to be the last at the Lynchmere, the last game played was 11 January 1947 against Haywards Heath. An "artic winter" intervened and the ground was sold for development. The site is now occupied by Thomas a Beckett School.

Shinewater Lane 1990–2003

The Shinewater Playing field in Langney, Eastbourne was currently being used by Stone Cross Cricket Club who were looking for another team to share the ground at the same time the Shinewater Association Club were looking to form a team.[2] In 1990 Shinewater Association Football Club moved in and entered the East Sussex Football League. Facilities were very basic, players changing in a small wooden pavilion. The pavilion caught fire in 1992 and the Cricket Club relocated to The Saffrons cricket pitch, taking the insurance money with them. Shinewater Association received a grant from the Football Foundation to build a new clubhouse which was opened by the Mayor during the 1992–93 football season, although planning permission was granted - it was noted that building regulations had not been followed and £11,000 of remedial work need to be done. The money for this was paid out by the cricket club who moved back in.[2] In 1997 the pitch was fully enclosed to meet ground grading for the Sussex County League Division Two as well as dugouts and a breeze block and steel cover. Vandalism and pitch drainage problems where a common concern with Shinewater Lane in later years. Permission was later sought to install floodlights which was declined as parking would cause a problem during evening games. The last game for Shinewater Association was against Eastbourne United just as the two clubs signed a merger and moved to The Oval.

In later years Langney Wanderers used Shinewater Lane before relocating to Priory Lane.

The Oval 1947–present

Main article: Princes Park, Eastbourne
The Oval in 2006, remains of the running track can be seen
The grandstand in 2007 before demolition

The club have played at the Oval on Channel View Road since 1947. The area was originally known as the Gilbert Recreation Ground and now called Princes Park, which was owned by the local council, who invited Eastbourne Old Comrades to play there.. The council at the time were developing it into a sports arena with an athletics track and a grass cycle track surrounding the grass pitch. Plans were made in 1951 to build a stand and a terrace, which was opened in September 1955 when Eastbourne United hosted a game against Queens Park Rangers.

Floodlights were first installed in 1958 and inaugurated with a match versus Eastbourne F.C. in front of a gate of 4,100. More floodlights were supplemented in 1966 when Eastbourne United were playing in the Athenian League; these were installed at a cost of £5,500 and were officially turned on 25 October 1967 with a friendly game with West Ham United. A third set of floodlights was officially opened on 18 February 1980 by former manager Ron Greenwood with another friendly game with Millwall.

The great storm in 1987 destroyed one of the covered terraces; this was not repaired as the council's insurance did not cover storm damage. The local athletics club left the site in 2003 to a new facility to the north of the town. Today the perimeter fencing now surrounds the pitch; this was bought from nearby Eastbourne Borough's ground at Priory Lane when they improved their facilities. The new fencing has allowed spectators to watch the game nearer to the pitch than they used to. A few years later the terraced stand was demolished, awaiting plans for a new structure to be built.

The ground had a £100,000 investment over the 2011–12 season, to bring it up to Sussex County League standards and is now equipped with new perimeter fencing, concrete walkways and a 113-seater stand.[28] The new improved ground was officially opened with a friendly game against Brighton & Hove Albion on 25 July 2012.[29]

In November 2018, Chairman Billy Wood, announced a five-year plan to redevelop the grounds facilities to attract spectators.[30]

Management history

Below is a list of Eastbourne United Association F.C. managers since 2003

Name From To Time in Charge Achievements Notes
England Dave Shearing January 2003 4 May 2006 3 years, 123 days –
England Brian Dennis 5 May 2006 13 October 2010 7 years, 8 days Sussex County League Division 1 Champions: 2008–09
Sussex RUR Cup Winners: 2008–09		 [31]
England Paul Daubeney 13 October 2010 14 May 2013 2 years, 213 days - [32]
England Simon Rowland 30 May 2013 28 September 2015 2 years, 121 days Sussex County League Division 2 Champions: 2013–14 [33][34]
England Tobi Hutchinson 28 September 2015 31 July 2018 2 years, 306 days – [35]
England Ryan Cooper 2 August 2018 16 December 2018 136 days – [36][37]
England Aaron Hopkinson 17 December 2018 10 September 2019 267 days – [23][24]
England Matthew Crabb 20 September 2019 19 October 2020 1 year, 29 days – [25][27]
England Ray Collier 19 October 2019 8 September 2021 324 days – [27]
England Anthony Storey 14 September 2021 Present 3 years, 96 days – [38]

Notable former coaches

  1. Managers/Coaches that have played/managed in the football league or any foreign equivalent to this level (i.e. fully professional league).
  2. Managers/Coaches with full international caps.

Honours

League honours

Cup honours

  • Sussex Senior Challenge Cup:[41]
    • Winners (6): 1959–60, 1962–63, 1963–64, 1965–66, 1966–67, 1968–69
    • Runners-up (6): 1929–30, 1955–56, 1956–57, 1961–62, 1970–71, 1989–90
  • The Sussex Royal Ulster Rifles Charity Cup:[42]
    • Winners (2): 1955–56, 2008–09
    • Runners-up (1): 1954–55
  • The John O'Hara League Challenge Cup:[43]
    • Winners (1): 1950–51
    • Runners-up (1): 1951–52
  • Sussex Intermediate Cup:[40][44]
    • Winners (3): 1965–66, 1968–69, 1995–96†
  • Metropolitan League Cup[40]:
    • Winners (1): 1959–60
  • Metropolitan League Amateur Cup [40]:
    • Winners (1): 1960–61
  • Sussex County League Division Three Cup [45]:
    • Winners (1): 1995–96†
    • Runners-up (1): 1996–97†
  • East Sussex Cup [40]:
    • Winners (2): 1920–21, 1937–38
  • Sussex Royal Engineers Challenge Shield [40]:
    • Winners (3): 1901–02, 1903–04, 1905–06
  • Eastbourne Charity Cup [40]:
    • Winners (12): 1931–32, 1937–38, 1939–40, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1971–72, 1973–74, 1978–79, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1984–85, 1997–98†
  • Newhaven Charity Cup [40]:
    • Winners (1): 1951–52
  • Bognor Charity Cup [40]:
    • Winners (1): 1925–26
  • Bexhill Charity Cup [40]:
    • Winners (1): 1920–21
  • Hastings Charity Cup [40]:
    • Winners (2): 1927–28, 1931–32
  • Baldwin Cup [40]:
    • Winners (1): 1950/51
  • Borough Centeanery Cup [40]:
    • Winners (1): 1985–86
  • Seaford Centenary Cup [40]:
    • Winners (1): 1991–92†
  • College Cup [40]:
    • Winners (4): 1953–54, 1954–55, 1955–56, 1959–60
  • Eastbourne Challenge Cup [40]:
    • Winners (8): 1964–65, 1991–92†, 1993–94†, 1994–95†, 1996–97†, 1997–98†, 2010–11, 2011–12

† Shinewater Association F.C. Honour

Records

Club Records

  • Highest League Position:[9] 4th in Isthmian League Division Two 1979–80
  • F.A Cup best Performance:[9] Fourth qualifying round 1966–67, 1978–79
  • F.A. Vase best performance:[9] Semi-final 2013–14
  • Highest Attendance:[2] 6,600 vs Eastbourne 7 May 1956
  • Record Win:[46] 15–0 vs Southdown Athletic 13 September 1933

Player Records

  • Record Appearances:[46] 367 – Reg Pope 1953–1965
  • Record Goal Scorer:[46] 168 – Tom Barrow 1925–1938
  • Most Goal in a season:[46] 63 – John Pooley 1955–56

Notable former players

  1. Players that have played/managed in the football league or any foreign equivalent to this level (i.e. fully professional league).
  2. Players with full international caps.
  3. Jack Mansell

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Bauckham, David. "Eastbourne United Association FC". Nomad Online. Archived from the original on 12 October 2006. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "History – Eastbourne United Association FC". Eastbourneunitedafc.co.uk. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  3. ^ EASTBOURNE R E at the Football Club History Database
  4. ^ a b c EASTBOURNE OLD COMRADES at the Football Club History Database
  5. ^ a b "Spartan League 1907–1934". Nonleaguematters.net. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  6. ^ Season 1934–1935 Brighton, Worthing & District League
  7. ^ "Sussex County League 1920–1960". Nonleaguematters.net. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  8. ^ a b EASTBOURNE COMRADES at the Football Club History Database
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o EASTBOURNE UNITED at the Football Club History Database
  10. ^ "Football Club History Database – Sussex County League 1997–98". Fchd.info. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  11. ^ Rabbler (22 December 2008). "Grounds for concern...: Eastbourne United Association". Hoppysnaps.blogspot.co.uk. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  12. ^ "Football Club History Database – Sussex County League 2003–04". Fchd.info. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  13. ^ a b EASTBOURNE UNITED ASSOCIATION at the Football Club History Database
  14. ^ "United clinch RUR Cup – Sport". Eastbourne Herald. 29 April 2009. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  15. ^ "Football Club History Database – Sussex County League 2008–09". Fchd.info. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  16. ^ "City lodge appeal over 'ineligible player' row – Sport – Chichester Observer". Chichester.co.uk. 20 May 2009. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  17. ^ "Mass player exodus could be a blessing – Dennis – Sport". Eastbourne Herald. 23 July 2010. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  18. ^ "Hutchinson interest but Daubeney takes charge at the Oval – Sport". Eastbourne Herald. 13 October 2010. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  19. ^ "Football Club History Database – Sussex County League 2010–11". Fchd.info. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  20. ^ Steve Huxley (3 November 2018). "A new era in the history of Eastbourne United AFC begins!". Eastbourne United AFC. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  21. ^ Ryan Newman (8 November 2019). "It's time to drag Eastbourne United into modern era, says new chairman Wood". Eastbourne Herald. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  22. ^ a b Derren Howard & Ryan Newman (22 February 2019). "Billy Wood's Eastbourne United prepare for 125th year with big plans and a new look kit". Eastbourne Herald. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  23. ^ a b Dunford, Mark (17 December 2018). "Eastbourne United AFC name new manager - and he is joined by former Lewes and Hastings United boss". Eastbourne Herald. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  24. ^ a b Huxley, Steve (10 September 2019). "Hopkinson departs the Oval". Eastbourne United AFC. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
  25. ^ a b Huxley, Steve (20 September 2019). "New gaffer takes charge at the Oval". Eastbourne United AFC. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
  26. ^ Steve Huxley (17 September 2019). "Wood departs United". Eastbourne United AFC. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
  27. ^ a b c Huxley, Steve (19 October 2020). "Club Announcement(Matt Crabb)". Eastbourne United AFC. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  28. ^ "United take on Brighton and Hove Albion XI at new-look Oval Stadium tonight. – County League Football". Eastbourne Herald. 25 July 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  29. ^ Allchin, Dean (25 July 2012). "Eastbourne United AFC vs Brighton & Hove Albion XI – Eastbourne United Association FC". Eastbourneunitedafc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 20 April 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  30. ^ Ryan Newman (8 November 2019). "It's time to drag Eastbourne United into modern era, says new chairman Wood". Eastbourne Herald. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
  31. ^ "Hutchinson interest but Daubeney takes charge at the Oval". Eastbourne Herald. 13 October 2010. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  32. ^ "Boss Daubeney resigns as United boss". Eastbourne Herald. 14 May 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  33. ^ Allchin, Dean (30 May 2013). "Rowland Unveiled as New Manager". Eastbourne United AFC. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  34. ^ Allchin, Dean (28 September 2015). "Simon Rowland Steps Down as United Manager". Eastbourne United AFC. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  35. ^ "Hutchinson resigns as Eastbourne United manager". Eastbourne Herald. 1 August 2018. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  36. ^ Huxley, Steve (2 August 2018). "Cooper Steps up". Eastbourne United AFC. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  37. ^ Howard, Derren (17 December 2018). "Ryan Cooper: why I had to resign as Eastbourne United manager". Eastbourne Herald. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  38. ^ Webb, Robert (14 September 2021). "Club Changes". Eastbourne United AFC. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  39. ^ SHINEWATER ASSOCIATION at the Football Club History Database
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Honours – Eastbourne United Association FC". Eastbourneunitedafc.co.uk. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  41. ^ "The Sussex Senior Cup". Sussexcountyleague.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2010. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  42. ^ "R.U.R. Cup Final Results – Sussex County Football League". Sussexcountyleague.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2010. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  43. ^ "The John O'Hara League Challenge Cup Final Results – Sussex County Football League". Sussexcountyleague.com. Archived from the original on 6 December 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  44. ^ "Club - History". Crawley Down Gatwick FC. Retrieved 26 October 2012.
  45. ^ "Division 3 Cup – Sussex County Football League". Sussexcountyleague.com. Archived from the original on 6 December 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  46. ^ a b c d "Club Records – Eastbourne United Association FC". Eastbourneunitedafc.co.uk. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
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مقاطعة غرايسون (فيرجينيا)

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Baby Smoove

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The Lost Man

1969 film by Robert Alan Aurthur For the Australian novel, see The Lost Man (novel). The Lost ManDirected byRobert Alan AurthurScreenplay byRobert Alan AurthurBased onOdd Man Outby F.L. GreenProduced byEdward MuhlMelville TuckerStarringSidney PoitierJoanna ShimkusAl Freeman Jr.Michael TolanCinematographyGerald Perry FinnermanEdited byEdward MannMusic byQuincy JonesProductioncompanyUniversal PicturesDistributed byUniversal PicturesRelease dates June 25, 1969 (1969-06-25) (Ne...

 

Nicki Hunter

American pornographic actress and director (born 1979) Nicki HunterHunter attending a birthday party for Sophie Dee at Aqua Lounge, Beverly Hills, California, January 2010SpouseJason Horne[1]Children2 Nicki Hunter is an American pornographic film director, producer, make-up artist, radio personality, and former pornographic actress.[2] Career Hunter made her directorial debut with the film Psychotic for Python Pictures, which was released on December 2, 2005.[3] In Mar...

 

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Cette liste est une ébauche concernant une gare et la Russie. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Carte des principales voies ferrées de Russie en 2009. La liste des gares en Russie est une liste non exhaustive des gares ferroviaires du réseau de transport ferroviaire en Russie. Liste par ordre alphabétique Gare de Léningrad (Moscou) Gare de Vitebsk (Saint-Pétersbourg Gare d'Ekaterinbourg Cette ...

Omagh Academy

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Rivka Zohar

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Quantum refereed game

Quantum refereed game in quantum information processing is a class of games in the general theory of quantum games.[1] It is played between two players, Alice and Bob, and arbitrated by a referee. The referee outputs the pay-off for the players after interacting with them for a fixed number of rounds, while exchanging quantum information. Definition An n {\displaystyle n} -turn quantum referee performs n {\displaystyle n} rounds of interaction with the player Alice and Bob. Each inter...

 

Anna Bilotti

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Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!