Dennstaedtia

Dennstaedtia
Dennstaedtia zeylanica
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Family: Dennstaedtiaceae
Genus: Dennstaedtia
Bernh. (1801), nom. cons.
Type species
Dennstaedtia flaccida
(J.R.Forst.) Bernh.
Synonyms[1]
  • Costaricia Christ (1909)
  • Litolobium Newman (1854 publ. 1857)
  • Oenotrichia Copel. (1929)
  • Paradennstaedtia Tagawa (1952)
  • Patania C.Presl (1836)

Dennstaedtia is a mostly tropical and subtropical group of ferns described as a genus in 1801.[2][3][4] Hayscented fern,[5] or cup ferns,[6] are common names for some species in this genus. It includes 58 species native to the tropical Americas, Madagascar, southern and eastern Asia, Australia, New Guinea, and the Pacific Islands.[1]

Some characteristics of Dennstaedtia: "Fronds homomorphic; stipe grooved above, hairy when young... lamina triangular to oblong, many times pinnate, usually densely hairy, especially on rachis... Veins free, pinnately branching, veinlet not reaching margin, with hydathode at apex. Sori orbicular, marginal, terminal on each veinlet, separate..."[7]

The temperate North-American hay-scented fern, Sitobolium punctilobulum, was formerly classified in Dennstaedtia and may have been its best-known member. It forms extensive clonal ground-cover colonies on level surfaces in the Appalachian area.[8]

  • Groove on the stipe.D. smithii, with a vertical white line on either side of the groove.
    Groove on the stipe.D. smithii, with a vertical white line on either side of the groove.
  • Sori and pinnules.D. smithii
    Sori and pinnules.D. smithii
  • Fronds multipinnate. D. smithii
    Fronds multipinnate. D. smithii
  • A fern in the Dennstaedtia can reach two meters in height such as D. smithii.[9]
    A fern in the Dennstaedtia can reach two meters in height such as D. smithii.[9]

Species

Dennstaedtia christophelii holotype fossil

Species include:[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c Dennstaedtia Bernh. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
  2. ^ Bernhardi, Johann Jakob. 1801. Journal für die Botanik 1800(2): 124
  3. ^ Tropicos, Dennstaedtia Bernh.
  4. ^ "碗蕨属 Dennstaedtia|iPlant 植物智——植物物种信息系统". www.iplant.cn. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
  5. ^ NRCS. "Dennstaedtia". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  6. ^ Joe, Barbara (June 1965). "Cup Ferns (Dennstaedtia) Cultivated in California". American Fern Journal. 55 (2): 58–62. doi:10.2307/1546136. JSTOR 1546136.
  7. ^ "碗蕨属 Dennstaedtia|iPlant 植物智——植物物种信息系统". www.iplant.cn. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
  8. ^ Sitobolium punctilobulum (Michx.) Desv. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
  9. ^ Flora of China, Dennstaedtia smithii
  10. ^ Pigg, K. B.; DeVore, M. L.; Greenwood, D. R.; Sundue, M. A.; Schwartsburd, P.; Basinger, J. F. (2021). "Fossil Dennstaedtiaceae and Hymenophyllaceae from the Early Eocene of the Pacific Northwest". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 182 (9): 793–807. doi:10.1086/715633. S2CID 239036762.
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