Deep temporal nerves

Not to be confused with temporal branches of the facial nerve.

The deep temporal nerves are typically two nerves (one anterior and one posterior) which arise from the mandibular nerve (CN V₃) and provide motor innervation to the temporalis muscle.

Deep temporal nerves
Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
Details
From	Anterior division of mandibular nerve
Innervates	Temporalis, temporomandibular joint
Identifiers
Latin	nervi temporales profundi
TA98	A14.2.01.071
TA2	6254
FMA	53187
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]

Structure

Origin

They usually arise from (the anterior division of) the mandibular nerve (CN V₃).^[1][2]

Course

They pass superior to the superior border of the lateral pterygoid muscle.^[1] They ascend to the temporal fossa^{[citation needed]} and enter the deep surface of the temporalis muscle.^[2]

Distribution

The deep temporal nerves provide motor innervation to the temporalis muscle. The deep temporal nerves also have articular branches which provide a minor contribution to the innervation of the temporomandibular joint.^[3]

Variation

Number

There are usually two deep temporal nerves - the anterior deep temporal nerve and posterior deep temporal nerve. Occasionally, a third one is present - the middle deep temporal nerve.^[2]

Origin

The anterior one may arise from the buccal nerve, and the posterior one may arise from the masseteric nerve.^[2]

References

1. Sinnatamby, Chummy S. (2011). Last's Anatomy (12th ed.). Elsevier Australia. p. 364. ISBN 978-0-7295-3752-0.
2. Standring, Susan (2020). Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice (42th ed.). New York. pp. 680–680.e1. ISBN 978-0-7020-7707-4. OCLC 1201341621.
3. Gray, Henry (2015). Gray's Anatomy : The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. Standring, Susan (41 ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 544, 551. ISBN 978-0-7020-5230-9. OCLC 920806541.