Dave Van Ronk

Dave Van Ronk
Van Ronk at the 1968 Philadelphia Folk Festival
Van Ronk at the 1968 Philadelphia Folk Festival
Background information
Birth nameDavid Kenneth Ritz Van Ronk
Born(1936-06-30)June 30, 1936
New York City, U.S.
DiedFebruary 10, 2002(2002-02-10) (aged 65)
New York City, U.S.
Genres
Occupations
  • Musician
  • songwriter
Instruments
  • Guitar
  • vocals
  • piano
Years active1959–2002
LabelsFolkways

David Kenneth Ritz Van Ronk (June 30, 1936 – February 10, 2002) was an American folk singer. An important figure in the American folk music revival and New York City's Greenwich Village scene in the 1960s, he was nicknamed the "Mayor of MacDougal Street".[1]

Van Ronk's work ranged from old English ballads to blues, gospel, rock, New Orleans jazz, and swing. He was also known for performing instrumental ragtime guitar music, especially his transcription of "St. Louis Tickle" and Scott Joplin's "Maple Leaf Rag". Van Ronk was a widely admired avuncular figure in the Village, presiding over the coffeehouse folk culture and acting as a friend to many up-and-coming artists by inspiring, assisting, and promoting them. Folk performers he befriended include Jim and Jean, Bob Dylan, Tom Paxton, Patrick Sky, Phil Ochs, Ramblin' Jack Elliott, and Joni Mitchell. Dylan recorded Van Ronk's arrangement of the traditional song "House of the Rising Sun" on his first album which The Animals would later cover and which would become a chart-topping rock single for them in 1964,[2] helping inaugurate the folk rock movement.[3]

Van Ronk received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) in December 1997.

Life and career

Van Ronk was born in Brooklyn, New York City, to a family that was "mostly Irish, despite the Dutch 'Van' name".[4] He moved from Brooklyn to Queens around 1945 and began attending Holy Child Jesus Catholic School, whose students were mainly of Irish descent. He had been performing in a barbershop quartet since 1949, but left before finishing high school spending time in the Merchant Marine.[5]

His first professional gigs were playing tenor banjola, a wooden bodied combination of mandola and banjo, with various traditional jazz bands around New York City, of which he later observed: "We wanted to play traditional jazz in the worst way ... and we did!" But the trad jazz revival had already passed its prime, and Van Ronk turned to performing the blues he had stumbled across while shopping for jazz 78s by artists like the Reverend Gary Davis, Furry Lewis and Mississippi John Hurt.

By about 1958, he was firmly committed to the folk-blues style, accompanying himself with his own acoustic guitar. He performed blues, jazz and folk music, occasionally writing his own songs but generally arranging the work of earlier artists and his folk revival peers.

He became noted both for his large physical stature and for his expansive charisma which bespoke an intellectual, cultured gentleman of diverse talents. Among his many interests were cooking, science fiction (he was active for some time in science fiction fandom, referring to it as "mind rot",[6] contributing to fanzines), world history, and politics. During the 1960s he supported radical left-wing political causes and was a member of the Libertarian League and the Trotskyist American Committee for the Fourth International (ACFI, later renamed the Workers League[7]). In 1974, he appeared at "An Evening For Salvador Allende", a concert organized by Phil Ochs, alongside such other performers as his old friend Bob Dylan, to protest the overthrow of the democratic socialist government of Chile and to aid refugees from the U.S.-backed military junta led by Augusto Pinochet. After Ochs's suicide in 1976, Van Ronk joined the many performers who played at his memorial concert in the Felt Forum at Madison Square Garden, playing his bluesy version of the traditional folk ballad "He Was A Friend Of Mine".[8] Although Van Ronk was less politically active in later years, he remained committed to anarchist and socialist ideals and was a dues-paying member of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) almost until his death.

Van Ronk was among 13 people arrested at the Stonewall Inn June 28, 1969, the night of the Stonewall Riots, which is widely credited as the spark of the contemporary gay rights movement. He had been dining at a neighboring restaurant and joined the riot against the police occupation of the club and was dragged from the crowd into the building by police deputy inspector Seymour Pine.[9][10][11] The police slapped and punched Van Ronk to the point of near unconsciousness, handcuffed him to a radiator near the doorway, and decided to charge him for assault.[12] Recalling the expanding riot, Van Ronk said, "There were more people out there [outside the building] when I came out than when I went in. Things were still flying through the air, cacophony—I mean, just screaming and yelling, sirens, strobe lights, the whole spaghetti."[13] The next day, he was arrested and later released on his own recognizance for having thrown a heavy object at a police officer.[14] City records show he was charged with felony assault in the second degree[15] and pleaded guilty to the lesser charge of harassment, classified in 1969 as a violation under PL 240.25.

In 2000, he performed at Blind Willie's in Atlanta, speaking fondly of his impending return to Greenwich Village. He reminisced over tunes like "You've Been a Good Old Wagon", a song teasing a worn-out lover, which he ruefully remarked had seemed humorous to him back in 1962.

He continued to perform for four decades and gave his last concert just a few months before his death.

Personal

Van Ronk was married to Terri Thal in the 1960s,[16] lived for many years with Joanne Grace, then married Andrea Vuocolo, with whom he spent the rest of his life.

On February 10, 2002, Van Ronk died in a New York hospital of cardiopulmonary failure while undergoing postoperative treatment for colon cancer.[17] He died before completing work on his memoirs, which were finished by his collaborator, Elijah Wald, and published in 2005 as The Mayor Of MacDougal Street.[18]

Influences

Van Ronk's guitar work, for which he credits Tom Paley as fingerpicking teacher, is noteworthy for both syncopation and precision.[19] Revealing similarities to Mississippi John Hurt's, Van Ronk's main influence was the Reverend Gary Davis, who conceived the guitar as "a piano around his neck." Van Ronk took this pianistic approach and added a harmonic sophistication adapted from the band voicings of Jelly Roll Morton and Duke Ellington.

Van Ronk was among the first to adapt traditional jazz and ragtime to the solo acoustic guitar[citation needed] with arrangements of such ragtime staples as "St. Louis Tickle", "The Entertainer", "The Pearls" and "Maple Leaf Rag". Van Ronk brought the blues style to Greenwich Village during the 1960s, while introducing the folk music world to the complex harmonies of Kurt Weill with his many Brecht and Weill interpretations. A traditional revivalist who moved with the times, Van Ronk brought old blues and ballads together with the new sounds of Dylan, Mitchell and Leonard Cohen. Dylan says of his impact:[20]

"I'd heard Van Ronk back in the Midwest on records and thought he was pretty great, copied some of his recordings phrase for phrase. [...] Van Ronk could howl and whisper, turn blues into ballads and ballads into blues. I loved his style. He was what the city was all about. In Greenwich Village, Van Ronk was king of the street, he reigned supreme".

Van Ronk gave guitar lessons in Greenwich Village, including to Christine Lavin, David Massengill, Terre Roche and Suzzy Roche. He influenced his protégé Danny Kalb and the Blues Project.

Van Ronk once said, "Painting is all about space, and music is all about time."[21]

Legacy

The Coen brothers film Inside Llewyn Davis follows a folk singer similar to Van Ronk, and incorporates anecdotes based on Van Ronk's life.[22][23] He is mentioned in David Bowie's 2013 song ‘(You Will) Set the World on Fire' on The Next Day album[24] and was mentioned among the dead musicians and recording artists in the song "Mirror Door" by the Who in 2006 on the album Endless Wire.

In 2004, a section of Sheridan Square, where Barrow Street meets Washington Place, was renamed Dave Van Ronk Street in his memory.[25] Van Ronk was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award posthumously by the World Folk Music Association in 2004.[26]

Joni Mitchell said that Van Ronk's rendition of her song "Both Sides Now" (which he called "Clouds") was her favorite version of the song.[27]

Personal characteristics

Van Ronk refused for many years to fly and never learned to drive (he took trains or buses or, when possible, recruited a girlfriend or young musician as his driver), and he declined to ever move from Greenwich Village for any extended period of time (having stayed in California for a short time in the 1960s).[28] Van Ronk's trademark stoneware jug of Tullamore Dew was frequently seen on stage next to him in his early days.[citation needed]

Critic Robert Shelton described Van Ronk as "the musical mayor of MacDougal Street" -

..."a tall, garrulous, hairy man of three quarters, or, more accurately, three fifths Irish descent. Topped by light brownish hair and a leonine beard which he smoothed down several times a minute, he resembled an unmade bed strewn with books, record jackets, pipes, empty whiskey bottles, lines from obscure poets, finger picks, and broken guitar strings. He was [Dylan]'s first New York guru. Van Ronk was a walking museum of the blues. Through an early interest in jazz, he had gravitated toward black music—its jazz pole, its jug-band and ragtime center, its blues bedrock.... His manner was rough and testy, disguising a warm, sensitive core."[29]

Discography

For an in depth, illustrated discography, see https://www.wirz.de/music/vanronk.htm

Studio albums

Live

Compilation albums

As guest

  • 1958: Skiffle in Stereo (The Orange Blossom Jug Five)
  • 1959: The Unfortunate Rake[30]
  • 1959: Fo'csle Songs and Shanties (by Paul Clayton)[31] - Van Ronk sings on all songs.
  • 1963: Newport Folk Festival 1963 The Evening Concerts Vol. 2
  • 1964: Blues from Newport
  • 1964: The Blues Project
  • 1995: Life Lines, Peter, Paul and Mary,
  • 1998: Other Voices, Too, Nanci Griffith
  • 1999: The Man From God Knows Where, Tom Russell

Tributes

  • 2007: Dave on Dave, David Massengill album tribute to Dave Van Ronk
  • 2015: Redemption Road, Tom Paxton album including the tribute song, The Mayor of MacDougal Street about Dave Van Ronk

Bibliography

Van Ronk was author of a posthumous memoir, The Mayor of MacDougal Street (2005) written with Elijah Wald.[6] Anecdotes from the book were used as a source for the film Inside Llewyn Davis.[22][23]

Van Ronk and Richard Ellington collected and edited The Bosses' Songbook: [32] Songs to Stifle the Flames of Discontent, Second Edition – A Collection of Modern Political Songs and Satire (Richard Ellington, publisher: New York, 1959).[32][33]

References

  1. ^ "Dave Van Ronk". Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. Retrieved February 1, 2021.
  2. ^ Rohter, Larry. "For a Village Troubadour, a Late Encore", The New York Times, December 5, 2013. Retrieved 2024-01-27.
  3. ^ Von Schmidt, Eric, and Jim Rooney (June, 1994), p. 261. Baby, Let Me Follow You Down: The Illustrated History of the Cambridge Folk Years.
  4. ^ Rock of Ages: The Rolling Stone History of Rock & Roll. p. 255, Pearson: 1987; ISBN 0137822936
  5. ^ "Meet the Folk Singer Who Inspired 'Inside Llewyn Davis'". Rolling Stone. December 2, 2013.
  6. ^ a b Dave Van Ronk, Elijah Wald (2005). The Mayor of MacDougal Street. New York: Da Capo Press. p. 230. ISBN 978-0306814792.
  7. ^ Robert Jackson Alexander (1991). International Trotskyism, 1929-1985: a documented analysis of the movement. Duke University Press. p. 552, para. 2. ISBN 978-0-8223-1066-2.
  8. ^ "He Was A Friend of Mine (Just A Hand To Hold)". Grateful Dead Lyric & Song Finder. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
  9. ^ Bausum, Ann (2015). "Chapter 5: Revolution". Stonewall: Breaking Out in the Fight for Gay Rights (1st ed.). Viking. pp. 50–51.
  10. ^ Lucian Truscott IV (July 3, 1969). "Gay Power Comes to Sheridan Square" (Transcript). Village Voice. Retrieved August 14, 2010. page scans
  11. ^ Carter, David (2010). Stonewall: The riots that sparked the gay revolution. St. Martin’s Griffin. pp. 155–156. ISBN 978-0312671938.
  12. ^ Howard Smith (July 3, 1969). "Full Moon over the Stonewall". The Village Voice. Retrieved July 2, 2019.
  13. ^ Carter, David (2010). Stonewall: The Riots That Started the Gay Revolution (1st ed.). Griffin. p. 174.
  14. ^ Eskow, Dennis. "4 Policemen Hurt in 'Village' Raid: Melee Near Sheridan Square Follows Action at Bar", The New York Times, June 29, 1969, p. 33.
  15. ^ Criminal Court of the City of New York, docket number A9798: original charge against Van Ronk: pL 120.05
  16. ^ Terri Thal Dave Van Ronk's Ex-Wife Takes Us Inside Inside Llewyn Davis Archived 2015-02-25 at the Wayback Machine, Village Voice, December 13, 2013.
  17. ^ Chris Morris (February 12, 2002). "Influential Folk Artist Dave Van Ronk Dies", Billboard Bulletin; archived at AllBusiness.com; accessed June 21, 2016
  18. ^ "THE MAYOR OF MACDOUGAL STREET | Kirkus Reviews".
  19. ^ Milward, John (June 2021). Americanaland: Where Country & Western Met Rock 'n' Roll. University of Illinois Press.
  20. ^ Dylan, Bob (October 11, 2004). "Chapter 1: Markin' Up the Score". Chronicles: Volume One (illustrated ed.). Simon & Schuster. pp. 15–16. ISBN 0743272587.
  21. ^ Pedro (March 28, 2017). "On this Day in Music (TWO)".
  22. ^ a b Russ Fischer (June 25, 2011). "The Coen Bros. New Script is Based on the 60′s NYC Folk Scene". slashfilm.com. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
  23. ^ a b Wald, Elija. "The World of LLewyn Davis". Inside Llewyn Davis official site. CBS Films. Retrieved September 24, 2013. the Coens mined the work for local color and a few scenes
  24. ^ "David Bowie's tribute to Bob Dylan on one of his final songs". February 3, 2022.
  25. ^ Dave Van Ronk street naming ceremony & pictures by Otto Bost. Archived 2008-07-03 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved July 9, 2008.
  26. ^ Noble, Richard E. (2009). Number #1 : the story of the original Highwaymen. Denver: Outskirts Press. pp. 265–267. ISBN 9781432738099. OCLC 426388468.
  27. ^ "Joni Mitchell Library - Top Tunes: Evening Star (Washington DC), December 7, 1968". jonimitchell.com. Retrieved September 8, 2021.
  28. ^ Van Ronk & Wald (2005). pp. 113-114.
  29. ^ Robert Shelton (1986). Bob Dylan: No Direction Home. New York: W. Morrow. ISBN 9780857126160.[page needed]
  30. ^ Chris Welch (April 5, 2002). "Dave Van Ronk". Obituary. London: The Independent. Archived from the original on April 24, 2011. Retrieved August 12, 2010.
  31. ^ Van Ronk & Wald (2005). p 88: "... The LP was issued as Fo'c'sle Songs and Chanties, by Paul Clayton and the Fo'c'sle Singers, and has remained in the Folkways ..."
  32. ^ "The Bosses Songbook Part 1" (PDF). Sds-1960s.org. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  33. ^ "The Bosses Songbook Part 2" (PDF). Sds-1960s.org. Retrieved September 30, 2019.

Read other articles:

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أبريل 2020) في المسألة العربية: مقدمة لبيان ديمقراطي عربي معلومات الكتاب المؤلف عزمي بشارة اللغة العربية  الناشر المركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة السياسات تاريخ النشر 2007

 

ملامسة-داخلية: وسط, أعلى;ملامسة-خارجية: وسط, الجزء السفلي;العابرة: يمين, الجزء السفلي;مدار مشترك: يمين، أعلى الكواكب الصغيرة:العابرة لمدار المشتري هي كل كويكب أو كوكب صغير يعبر مداره مدار كوكب المشتري (بالإنجليزية: Jupiter-crosser)‏. أي أن مدارتها تتقاطع مع مدار المشتري. هناك (105) طروا

 

ChurchSt John the Baptist Church, Buckhurst HillSt John the Baptist, Buckhurst Hill51°37′44.9″N 0°1′59.6″E / 51.629139°N 0.033222°E / 51.629139; 0.033222DenominationChurch of EnglandWebsiteSt John the Baptist ChurchHistoryFounded1837[1]DedicationSaint JohnArchitectureFunctional statusParish churchHeritage designationGrade IIDesignated29 May 1984[2]Architectural typeChurchAdministrationProvinceCanterburyDioceseChelmsfordArchdeaconryHarlowDean...

Pemilihan Umum Bupati Agam 2020201520249 Desember 2020[1]Kandidat   Calon Taslim Chaniago Hariadi Partai Gerindra PPP Pendamping Syafrizal Novi Endri Suara rakyat 33.810 46.792 Persentase 18,3% 25,3%   Calon Trinda Farhan Satria Andri Warman Partai PKS Demokrat Pendamping M. Kasni Irwan Fikri Suara rakyat 44.700 59.869 Persentase 24,1% 32,3% Logo Peta persebaran suara Peta lokasi Kabupaten Agam Bupati dan Wakil Bupati petahanaIndra CatriTrinda Farhan Satria PKS Bup...

 

2012 studio album by Chris BrownFortuneStandard cover. Deluxe cover has a purple background.Studio album by Chris BrownReleasedJuly 3, 2012 (2012-07-03)Recorded2010–2012StudioThe Record Plant (Los Angeles, California)Mason Sound (North Hollywood, Los Angeles, California)The Hit Factory Criteria (Miami, Florida)Chalice (Hollywood, California)Genre R&B pop EDM Length54:53LabelRCACBEProducer Adonis Alle Benassi Benny Benassi Boi-1da Brian Kennedy Danja Free School Fu...

 

Эта статья слишком короткая. Пожалуйста, дополните её ещё хотя бы несколькими предложениями и уберите это сообщение. Если статья останется недописанной, она может быть выставлена к удалению. Для указания на продолжающуюся работу над статьёй используйте шаблон {{subst:Реда...

Logo del Servicio Nacional de Parques. Un parque nacional, en los Estados Unidos, es un área protegida mediante una ley del Congreso de los Estados Unidos. En enero de 2021, en los Estados Unidos había 63 parques nacionales, todos ellos gestionados por el Servicio de Parques Nacionales. Todos los parques nacionales forman parte del Sistema de Parques Nacionales de los Estados Unidos, aunque solamente esos 63 elementos de las 423 unidades del Sistema (enero de 2021) son propiamente parques n...

 

1962 studio album by Burl IvesIt's Just My Funny Way of Laughin'Studio album by Burl IvesReleasedJanuary 1, 1962Recorded1961Length29:23Singles from It's Just My Funny Way of Laughin' Funny Way of Laughin'Released: March 1962 Call Me Mr. In-BetweenReleased: June 1962 Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingNew Record Mirror[1] It's Just My Funny Way of Laughin' is a 1962 album by Burl Ives, recorded in Nashville, Tennessee. It rose to No. 24 on Billboard (magazine)'s 1962 ...

 

Frank LatimoreBiografiKelahiran28 September 1925 Darien (en) Kematian29 November 1998 (73 tahun)Hillingdon KegiatanPekerjaanAktor panggung, pemeran film dan pemeran televisi Periode aktif1944  –KeluargaPasangan nikahAlexandra mary Franklin Latimore (nama lahir Franklin Latimore Kline, 28 September 1925 – 29 November 1998) adalah seorang pemeran asal Amerika Serikat. Ia menikahi Rukmini Sukarno, seorang penyanyi opera yang mengklaim diri sebagai putri Presiden Sukarno da...

American action thriller The GetawayTheatrical release posterDirected byRoger DonaldsonScreenplay byWalter HillAmy Holden JonesBased onThe Getaway1958 novelby Jim ThompsonProduced byDavid FosterLawrence TurmanJohn Alan SimonStarring Alec Baldwin Kim Basinger Michael Madsen Jennifer Tilly Richard Farnsworth James Woods CinematographyPeter Menzies Jr.Edited byConrad BuffMusic byMark IshamProductioncompaniesLargo EntertainmentJVC EntertainmentThe Turman/Foster CompanyDistributed byUniversal Pict...

 

Tari Perut di Marrakech Tari perut (Bahasa Ingggris: abdominal dance atau belly dance) juga dikenal sebagai Tari Arab[1][2] (Arab: رقص شرقي, translit. Raqs sharqi, artinya: tarian oriental), merupakan tari ekspresif Arab[3][4][5][6] berasal dari Mesir[7] adalah jenis tarian yang memperlihatkan bagian rahim atau perut mendapat tekanan gerakan.[8][9] Tari perut ini biasanya dilakukan secara individual dengan...

 

Emblem of the U.S.S.R. republic of Kirghizia Emblem of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist RepublicArmigerKirghiz Soviet Socialist RepublicAdopted23 March 1937CrestRed starSupportersWheat and CottonMottoБардык өлкөлөрдүн пролетарлары, бириккиле! (Kyrgyz) Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Russian) Workers of the world, unite!Earlier version(s) The coat of arms of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on March 23, 1937...

2011 video gameStronghold 3Developer(s)Firefly StudiosPublisher(s)7SixtyProducer(s)Paul HarrisDesigner(s)Simon BradburyProgrammer(s)Matt de VilliersJohn MenaWriter(s)Simon BradburyComposer(s)Robert L. EuvinoEngineVisionPlatform(s)Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Linux[2]ReleaseNA: October 25, 2011[1]EU: October 25, 2011AU: November 10, 2011Genre(s)Real-time strategyMode(s)Single-player, multiplayer Stronghold 3 is a 2011 real-time strategy video game for Microsoft Windows develope...

 

Barrymore'sBarrymore'sAddress323 Bank StreetOttawa, OntarioK2P 1X9Coordinates45°24′52″N 75°41′43″W / 45.414443°N 75.695200°W / 45.414443; -75.695200TypeNightclubGenre(s)AlternativeOpened1978Websitebarrymores.on.ca Imperial Theatre, now Barrymore's, 1938 Barrymore's is a nightclub and concert venue located in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The club was first opened in 1978, by Gordon & Sherry Rhodesin the city's former Imperial Theatre on Bank Street. It was c...

 

Human settlement in GreeceLakki, Leroshuman settlementLakki, LerosCoordinates: 37°07′54″N 26°51′07″E / 37.1317°N 26.8519°E / 37.1317; 26.8519 CountryGreecePopulation (2011) • Total2,058 Lakki (Greek: Λακκί), population 1990, also known by its former name Portolago (Πόρτο Λάγο), is a community on the Greek island of Leros, in the Dodecanese, at the head of Lakki Bay. The area was built up as the main base of the Italian Royal N...

Dieser Artikel oder nachfolgende Abschnitt ist nicht hinreichend mit Belegen (beispielsweise Einzelnachweisen) ausgestattet. Angaben ohne ausreichenden Beleg könnten demnächst entfernt werden. Bitte hilf Wikipedia, indem du die Angaben recherchierst und gute Belege einfügst. der längere und durchaus kontrovers/fragwürdig zu sehende Aussagen enthaltende Text belegt lediglich 2 Einzelfakten. andy_king50 (Diskussion) 15:37, 1. Nov. 2018 (CET) Kolonialmächte und Kolonialgebiete 1945 Unter D...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: 1994 Football League Trophy final – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Football match1994 Autoglass Trophy FinalEvent1993–94 Football League Trophy Huddersfield Town Swansea City 1 1 S...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Ligue de football de la Martinique – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)Ligue de football de la MartiniqueCONCACAFFounded1953HeadquartersFort-de-FranceFIFA affiliationN/ACONCACAF affiliat...

Asbabun Nuzul Surat Al-Jatsiyah memuat sebab-sebab turunnya sebagian ayat-ayat pada Al-Qur'an surat ke-45.[1] Al-Jatsiyah:18 Ibnu Jarir meriwayatkan (25/152): ...dari Abu Hurairah, dari Nabi saw, dia dulu bersabda: Dahulu orang-orang jahiliyah mengatakan bahwa yang membinasakan kami hanyalah siang dan malam, inilah yang membinasakan kami, yang menghidupkan dan mematikan kami. Maka Allah berfirman dalam kitab-Nya: Dan mereka berkata: Kehidupan ini tidak lain hanyalah kehidupan di dunia...

 

APEC Malaysia 2020Host countryMalaysiaDate20 November 2020MottoOptimising Human Potential Towards a Resilient Future of Shared Prosperity: Pivot. Prioritise. ProgressVenue(s)Kuala Lumpur and various locations virtuallyFollows2019Precedes2021 APEC Malaysia 2020 was the year-long hosting of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) meetings in Malaysia[1][2] from December 2019 until November 2020.[3] Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the meetings were held virtually, ...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!