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Curzon Mill
	Location in Greater Manchester
Cotton
Spinning (Mule mill)
Location	Hurst, Ashton-under-Lyne, Greater Manchester, England
Serving railway	Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
Owner	Curzon Mill Company Ltd.
Further ownership	Alger Spinning Company Ltd (1911); J.A. Pattreiouex (1942); Qualitex Yarns (1968);
Coordinates	53°29′45″N 2°04′52″W / 53.4959°N 2.0812°W
Construction
Built	1899
Completed	Dec 1901
Demolished	1994
Floor count	4
Main contractor	J Partington and Son of Middleton Junction
Design team
Architect	Sydney Stott
Power
Engine maker	George Saxon & Co
Engine type	Horizontal triple expansion, four cylinder
Valve Gear	Corliss
Cylinder diameter and throw	60in
rpm	60
Installed horse power (ihp)	1200
Flywheel diameter	26 ft
No. of ropes	28
Boiler configuration
Pressure	160
Equipment
Manufacturer	John Hetherington and Son Ltd.
Mule Frames	77,928 spindles (1900)
References
	Haynes 1987, p. 50

Curzon Mill, later known as Alger Mill was a cotton spinning mill in the Hurst district of Ashton-under-Lyne, Greater Manchester, in England. It was built between 1899 and 1902 for the Ashton Syndicate by Sydney Stott of Oldham. It was a sister mill to the Atlas Mill. It was sold to the Alger Spinning Co. Ltd in 1911, and closed in 1942.^[1] It was then used as a cigarette factory by the J.A. Pattreiouex company until 1966, and then sold to the Qualitex company for the production of artificial fibres. It was still spinning artificial fibres in the 1990s and was demolished in 1994; the site being used for a housing estate.^[2]

Location

Curzon Mill was built on Cedar Street, Hurst.

History

The Minerva Spinning Company Limited was registered in 1891 to build the Minerva Mill at Whitelands. The directors were Messrs Barlow, Marland, Coop, Newton, Pollitt and Pownall; they were later referred to as the Ashton syndicate. In 1891, they built the Rock Mill, and in 1898 built Atlas Mill. Curzon Mill built between 1899 and 1902 was their fourth mill and a sister mill to the Atlas mill. It was registered as the Curzon Mill Co. Ltd, with a capital of GBP70,000. Tudor Mill, Cedar Mill and finally the Texas Mill followed.

The cotton industry peaked in 1912 when it produced 8 billion yards of cloth. The great war of 1914–1918 halted the supply of raw cotton, and the British government encouraged its colonies to build mills to spin and weave cotton. The war over, Lancashire never regained its markets. The Ashton syndicate sold the mill to the Alger Spinning Company Limited in 1911, and the mill was renamed the Alger Mill.^[2] The Alger Spinning Co was liquidated in 1941.^[3]

Architecture

This was a Sydney Stott building. It was four storeys high built on a basement from engineering brick. The large windows were in groups of three, and there was white tile decoration. It had a Hotel-de-Ville style water tower. The six bay engine house, boiler house and chimney were to the north-west ^[4]

Power

The steam engine was by George Saxon & Co, of Openshaw. It was 1200 hp horizontal triple expansion four cylinder engine, that ran the forty ton flywheel at 60rpm. There were two 37in diameter low pressure cylinders (LP), an intermediate (IP) of 32in and a high pressure (HP) of 20in. They had a 60in stroke. They had Corliss valves and the air pumps were driven from each crosshead. The boiler operated at 160 psi. The flywheel was 26 ft in diameter and was grooved for 28 ropes.

Equipment

All the mule frames and equipment was by Hetherington and Sons Ltd. There were 77,184 mule spindles spinning fine counts of twists and weft from Egyptian cotton. By 1911 it was spinning medium counts of American.^[2]

Usage

Curzon Mill was used for spinning fine counts of twists and weft from Egyptian cotton. In 1911 it was spinning medium counts of American cotton.^[2]

Owners

Curzon Mill Company, part of the Ashton syndicate.
Alger Spinning Company Ltd. (1911–1942)
J.A. Pattreiouex, cigarette manufacturers (1942–1966)
Qualitex Yarns (1968– )

Notable events/media

In 1904 there was a lengthy and acrimonious strike at Curzon Mill. The causes and settlement are unclear, but because of the friction and a depression in the market, the directors failed to pay a dividend to the shareholders for half-year ending 24 September 1904. Two possible causes could have been the directors employing 'non-union labour', or tension between management and the spinners and the cardroom operatives. At any rate, the trouble moved onto the street and many women were arrested and bound over to keep the peace for 'shouting'.^[5] Commenting on the settlement, the mayor, Alderman Shaw, whose efforts paved the way for a settlement said "Both sides have given way a little, but neither cares to admit it."^[6]

References

^ [1] ^{[dead link‍]}
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Haynes 1987, p. 50
^ "The London Gazette" (PDF). Thegazette.co.uk. 2 September 1941. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
^ Ashmore 1982, p. 77
^ "Archive from the Lancashire Telegraph". Lancashiretelegraph.co.uk. Archived from the original on 1 July 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
^ "Yesterdays - 1 October 1904". Archived from the original on 10 December 2009. Retrieved 4 October 2009.

Bibliography

Ashmore, Owen (1982). The industrial archaeology of North-west England. Manchester University Press. ISBN 0-7190-0820-4.
Haynes, Ian (1987). Cotton in Ashton. Libraries and Arts Committee, Tameside Metropolitan Borough. ISBN 0-904506-14-2.
Roberts, A S (1921). "Arthur Robert's Engine List". Arthur Roberts Black Book. One guy from Barlick-Book Transcription. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 11 January 2009.
Williams, Mike; Farnie (1992). Cotton Mills of Greater Manchester. Carnegie Publishing. ISBN 0-948789-89-1.