Chytridiomycetes

Chytridiomycetes
Chytrid cytology
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Chytridiomycota
Class:	Chytridiomycetes Caval.-Sm (1998)[1]
Orders
Chytridiales Cladochytriales Gromochytriales Lobulomycetales Mesochytriales Nephridiophagales Polychytriales Polyphagales Rhizophydiales Rhizophlyctidales Saccopodiales Spizellomycetales Synchytriales
Synonyms
Archimycetes Fischer 1892 Chytridiomycetidae Scagel et al. 1965 Rumpomycetes Cavalier-Smith 1987 Rupomycetidae Cavalier-Smith 1998 emend. 2013 Spizomycetidae Cavalier-Smith 1998

Chytridiomycetes (/kɪˌtrɪdioʊmaɪˈsiːtiːz, -ˈsiːts/^[2]) is a class of fungi. Members are found in soil, fresh water, and saline estuaries. They are first known from the Rhynie chert.^[3] It has recently been redefined to exclude the taxa Neocallimastigomycota and Monoblepharidomycetes, which are now a phylum and a sister-class respectively.^[4]

Chytridiomycetes is the major class of the phylum Chytridiomycota,^[5] which contains a number of parasitic species. At least two species in this class are known to infect a number of amphibian species.^[6]

Phylogeny

Based on the work of "The Mycota: A Comprehensive Treatise on Fungi as Experimental Systems for Basic and Applied Research",^[7] Powell and Letcher 2015^[8] and Karpov et al. 2014.^[9]

Synchytriales Synchytriaceae Schröter 1892 Gromochytriales Gromochytriaceae Karpov & Aleoshin 2014 Mesochytriales Mesochytriaceae Karpov & Aleoshin 2014 Lobulomycetales Alogomycetaceae Doweld 2014 Lobulomycetaceae Simmons 2009 Polytrichiales Arkayaceae Doweld 2014 Polytrichiaceae Longcore & Simmons 2012 Cladochytriales Catenochytridiaceae Doweld 2014 Nowakowskiellaceae Sparrow ex Mozley-Standridge 2009 Septochytriaceae Mozley-Standridge 2009 Cladochytriaceae Schröter 1892 Endochytriaceae Sparrow ex Barr 1980 Chytridiales Chytriomycetaceae Letcher 2011 Chytridiaceae Nowakowski 1878 Blyttiomyces Bartsch 1939 Spizellomycetales Caulochytriaceae Subram. 1974 Powellomycetaceae Simmons 2011 Spizellomycetaceae Barr 1980 Rhizophlyctidales Arizonaphlyctidaceae Borealophlyctidaceae Sonoraphlyctidaceae Rhizophlyctidaceae Rhizophydiales Entophlyctis helioformis (Dangeard 1886) Ramsbottom 1916 Protrudomycetaceae Letcher 2008 Angulomycetaceae Letcher 2008 Aquamycetaceae Letcher 2008 Kappamycetaceae Letcher 2006 Gorgonomycetaceae Letcher 2006 Alphamycetaceae Letcher 2008 Terramycetaceae Letcher 2006 Dinomycetaceae Karpov & Guillou 2014 Coralloidiomycetaceae Doweld 2014 Uebelmesseromycetaceae Powell & Letcher 2015 Operculomycetaceae Doweld 2014 Batrachochytriaceae Doweld 2013 Batrachochytriaceae Doweld 2013 Globomycetaceae Letcher 2008 Pateramycetaceae Letcher 2008 Rhizophydiaceae Werderm. 1954

References

1. Cavalier-Smith T (1998). "A revised six-kingdom system of Life". Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc. 73 (3): 203–266. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1998.tb00030.x. PMID 9809012. S2CID 6557779.
2. OED; Howjsay
3. Taylor TN, Remy W, Hass H (1992). "Fungi from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert: Chytridiomycetes". American Journal of Botany. 79 (11): 1233–1241. doi:10.2307/2445050. JSTOR 2445050.
4. Hibbett DS, et al. (March 2007). "A higher level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi". Mycological Research. 111 (5): 509–547. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.626.9582. doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004. PMID 17572334.
5. Sharma PD (2005). Fungi and Allied Organisms. Alpha Science International. ISBN 978-1-84265-277-0.
6. Berger L, Speare R, Hyatt A (1999). "Chytrid Fungi and Amphibian Declines: Overview, Implications and Future Directions" (PDF). In Campbell A (ed.). Declines and Disappearances of Australian Frogs. Environment Australia. p. 23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-11.
7. Esser K (2014). The Mycota VII A: Systematics and Evolution (2nd ed.). Springer. p. 461. ISBN 978-3-642-55317-2.
8. Powell; Letcher (2015). "A new genus and family for the misclassified chytrid, Rhizophlyctis harderi (in press)". Mycologia. 107 (2): 419–31. doi:10.3852/14-223. PMID 25572098. S2CID 24144836. Retrieved 2016-08-23.
9. Karpov, et al. (March 2014). "Gromochytrium mamkaevae gen. & sp. nov. and two new orders: Gromochytriales and Mesochytriales (Chytridiomycetes)". Persoonia. 32: 115–126. doi:10.3767/003158514X680234. PMC 4150072. PMID 25264386.