Charles Lloyd (South Africa)

Charles Lloyd
Died	20 December 2014
Allegiance	South Africa
Service / branch	South African Army
Rank	Lieutenant General
Commands	GOC Far North Command GOC South West African Territorial Force (–9 November 1983)[1] Secretary of the State Security Council (1988 – 1990)
Battles / wars	Border War Operation Protea
Spouse(s)	Rieta

Lieutenant General Charles Lloyd^{[2]: 51 [3]} was a General Officer in the South African Army. He died on 20 December 2014.^{[citation needed]}

Early life

Military career

“By July 1981 the campaign strategy for Operation Protea had been neatly packaged by Major General Charles Lloyd, General Officer Commanding South West Africa Territorial Force, at HQ Bastion in Windhoek. He was an outstanding commanding general, and I had immense regard for his ability in the fields of high command and strategic planning. Protea formed part of his stratification for the war in the Western Sub-Theatre – simply stated, the military plans which shaped the ends, ways and means of defeating the foe. His strategy was aligned with the SADF’s higher intention, which was to incapacitate SWAPO’s military forces in southern Angola”

— Maj Gen Roland de Vries in "In the eye of the firestorm"^[4]

General Lloyd commanded the South West African Territorial Force in the 1980s.

He was a major proponent of the "Winning the Hearts and Minds" (WHAM) strategy of counter-insurgency.^[5] He was also a key part of the development of the National Security Management System (NSMS)^[5] under Prime Minister P.W. Botha and served as secretary of the State Security Council from 1988 to 1990.^[5] He stated that the NSMS was concerned with three areas: the government, (for self-criticism and the correction of short comings), the enemy (to "command, coerce and eliminate") and the masses (whose support had to be won through communication and education). As secretary of the SSC, he essentially drove the State Security apparatus on a day-to-day basis.^{[6]: 86 (Footnote 57)}

He commanded Far North Command before handing over to Gen Georg Meiring in 1986.^[6]: 99

He was in overall command of Operation Protea.^[7] General Roland de Vries later had this to say about General Lloyd: “From my point of view, the most important military leaders at that time were General Constand Viljoen, the Chief of the SADF and the founding father, so to speak, of 61 Mech; Lieutenant General Johannes Geldenhuys, Chief of the Army; and Major General Charles Lloyd, General Officer Commanding SWATF. It was my good fortune that all three were inspirational commanders who had a marked influence on shaping and building the best army in Africa”.^[4]

Awards and decorations

See also

• South African Army
• South African Border War

References

1. "SWATF Operations". SADF.info. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
2. Isaacs, Henry E. (1990). "The Dynamics of Conflict in South Africa: Routes to Peace". In Glickman, Harvey (ed.). Towards Peace and Security in Southern Africa. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers. pp. 33–52. ISBN 2-88124-381-9. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
3. Frankel, Phillip (February 1988). Reform and Counter-Revolution: South African State Strategy during the 1980's. Washington, DC: Defense Intelligence College.
4. De Vries, Roland, Maj Gen (Rtd) (2010). Eye of the Firestorm: The Namibian - Angolan - South African Border War - Memoirs of a Military Commander. Naledi. ISBN 9780992191252. OCLC 851027251. OL 25648325M.
5. O'Brien, Kevin A. (2011). The South African Intelligence Services: From Apartheid to Democracy, 1948-2005 (eBook). Studies in Intelligence Series. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-203-84061-0. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
6. Roherty, James Michael (1992). State Security in South Africa: Civil-military Relations Under P.W. Botha. New York: M.E. Sharpe, Inc. ISBN 0-87332-877-9. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
7. De Vries, Roland, Maj Gen. "Operation Protea". 61 Mech Battalion Group Veterans Association. Archived from the original on 16 January 2015. Retrieved 23 December 2014.

Military offices
Preceded by Pieter van der Westhuizen	Secretary of the State Security Council 1988 – 1990	Dissolved
Preceded by Johannes Geldenhuys	Chief of the South West African Territorial Force 1981 – 9 Nov 1983	Succeeded by Georg Meiring
Established	GOC Far North Command 1983 – 1986