When Alfonso II died without heirs in the October 1597, Cesare claimed the duchy of Ferrara.[1]Pope Clement VIII raised an army and Cesare, denied French assistance, retreated to Modena.[1][2] His capital was moved to Modena, which he entered on January 1598.[3] Cesare's first years were troublesome: he had to face the quarrels between the Modenese and Ferrarese nobles who had come with him, the attempt at independence of Maro Pio of Sassuolo, and a war against Lucca for the possession of Garfagnana.
Marriage and issue
Virginia de' Medici, wearing a characteristic necklace that belonged to Camilla Martelli, Virginia's mother.
Cox, Virginia; Sampson, Lisa (2023). Drama, Poetry and Music in Late-Renaissance Italy: The life and works of Leonora Bernardi. Translated by Wainwright, Anna. UCL Press.
Balchin, Paul N. (2022). The Development of Cities in Northern and Central Italy: During the Renaissance. Routledge.
Condren, John (2024). Louis XIV and the Peace of Europe: French Diplomacy in Northern Italy, 1659–1701. Taylor & Francis.
Stras, Laurie (2012). "The "Ricreationi per monache" of Suor Annalena Aldobrandini". Renaissance Studies. 26 (1: Musical Materials and Cultural Spaces (FEBRUARY)): 34–59.
Tuohy, Thomas (1996). Herculean Ferrara: Ercole D'Este (1471-1505) and the Invention of a Ducal Capital. Cambridge University Press.
