Caldwell Township was established on June 5, 1883, created from former portions of current adjacent townships (as of 2018), and named in honor of a local family.[4]
The township's boundaries changed between 1883 and 1897, per descriptions of boundaries in the 1884 Missouri State Library history of Callaway County and the subsequent official map of the county published in 1897.
Geography
Caldwell Township covers an area of 23.38 square miles (60.6 km2) and while containing no incorporated settlements, it has included the unincorporated community of "Dixie". It contains seven cemeteries: Bush, Caldwell, Cave, Foster, James, Knight and Mount Tabor; as well as the streams of Caldwell Branch, Prairie Fork and Prime Creek.