Bolton (2021 population 26,795)[1] is an unincorporatedtown that is the most populous community in the town of Caledon, Ontario, Canada, in the Regional Municipality of Peel. It is located beside the Humber River, approximately 50 kilometres northwest of Toronto. In regional documents, it is referred to as a 'Rural Service Centre'.[2] It has 26,795 residents in 9,158 total dwellings.[3] The downtown area that historically defined the village is in a valley, through which flows the Humber River. The village extends on either side of the valley to the north and south.
Geography
The conservation lands' forests dominate a large part of the north and the east, including along the Humber valley. These conservation lands have created several recreational areas, including parts of the Humber Valley Heritage Trail. Farmland and the protected Oak Ridges Moraine dominate the landscape surrounding the village.
There are two 400-series highways nearby, including Highway 427, about 9 km southeast (the highway's northern terminus being at Major Mackenzie Drive), and Highway 400, about 14 km east (exit at King Road).
To the northwest is the community of Glasgow, which pays homage to an earlier planned settlement also called Glasgow. The older settlement was established in 1855 but merged into Bolton in 1872.[4] Old Glasgow was supposed to house mill workers, it later served as a summer getaway for Toronto’s Jewish community from 1925 to 1950, then home to Edelweiss Ski Club. The planned community has naturalized again and now exists as Edelweiss Park and Humber Valley Heritage Trail.
History
The community, formerly known as Bolton Mills, was founded around 1822 when James Bolton helped build a flour mill for his relative George Bolton. By 1857, Bolton was a village with a population of 700 in the Township of Albion in Peel County. George Evans was a prominent early settler in the area.
It was established on the Humber River, on the line of the proposed Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway. There were stages to and from Weston. The average price of land was $40 to $50 per acre.[5]
Transportation
Roads
Queen Street, formerly Highway 50, and now Peel Road 50, runs north-south through the community and is its main street. King Street (Peel Road 9) is the main east-west cross street. It continues outside Bolton beyond both ends and runs across the full width of Caledon.
Public transit
The Town of Caledon does not operate its own public transit system; however, a private contractor, Voyago, formerly provided bus service in Bolton, travelling south down Highway 50 to Highway 7/Queen Street (Brampton) at the border of Brampton and Vaughan to make connections with Brampton Transit and York Region Transit. Adult cash fares were $4.00 and there were no free transfers with other connecting agencies.[6] This service was replaced in May 2024 by route 41 Bolton by Brampton Transit, following a near-identical routing. [7] Route Caledon Community Services Transportation and Transhelp (operated by Region of Peel Accessible Transportation Services) provides paratransit services for the elderly, disabled, and infirm in Bolton and Caledon as a whole, and travels to select major destinations in Peel and York Regions.
History
There were two earlier privately-operated transit services running within Bolton: In 1999 a company named Caledon Transit Incorporated ran a trial bus service in the community.[8] In 2006, the growing population of Bolton prompted local resident Darren Parberry to start a second bus service with two routes using leased school buses, called Métis Transit. One route ran briefly in 2006.[9] Both services ceased operations due to low ridership.
Demographics
As of the 2021 census, the top three ethnic groups in Bolton are Italian (11,480; 43.4%), English (3,540; 13.4%) and Canadian (3,120; 11.8%).[10]
