Blessed Parliament

Engraving of James I at Parliament on 5 November 1605, by Renold Elstracke.
Parliaments of England
Predecessors
  Witenagemot 7th – 11th centuries
  Curia regis 1066 – c. 1215
Henry III
  1st 1237
  2nd 1242
  3rd 1244
  4th 1246
  3rd 1247
  4th 1248
  Unnumbered 1251
  5th 1252
  6th 1253
  7th 1254
  8th 1255
  9th 1258
  10th "Oxford/Mad" 1258
  11th "Simon de Montfort" 1265
Edward I
  "Model" 1295
Edward II
  "Westminster" 1327
Edward III
  "Good" 1376
  "Bad" 1377
Richard II
  "Wonderful" 1386
  "Merciless" 1388
Henry IV
  "Convention" 1399
  "Unlearned" 1404
Henry V
  "Fire and Faggot" 1414
Henry VI
  "Bats" 1426
  "Devils" 1459
Edward IV
Richard III
Henry VII
Henry VIII
  "Reformation" 1529–1536
Edward VI
Mary I
  1st 1553
  2nd 1554
  3rd 1554–1555
  4th 1555
  5th 1558
Elizabeth I
  1st 1559
  2nd 1563–1567
  3rd 1571
  4th 1572–1583
  5th 1584–1585
  6th 1586–1587
  7th 1589
  8th 1593
  9th 1597–1598
  10th 1601
James I
  1st "Blessed" 1604
  2nd "Addled" 1614
  3rd 1621
  4th 1624
Charles I
  1st "Useless" 1625
  2nd 1626
  3rd 1628
  4th "Short" Apr 1640
  5th "Long (1) Nov 1640
  Oxford/Mongrel 1644
Revolution and Commonwealth
  1st "Long (2) 1645
  2nd "Rump (1)" 1648
  3rd "Barebone's/Little/Nominated Assembly/Saints" 1653
Protectorate
  1st 1654
  2nd 1656
  3rd 1659
  4th "Rump (2)" 1659
Commonwealth
  1st "Rump (3)" 1659
  2nd "Long (3)" 1660
Charles II
  1st "Convention (1)" 1660
  2nd "Cavalier" 1661
  3rd "Habeas Corpus/First Exclusion" 1679
  4th "Exclusion Bill/Second Exclusion" 1680
  5th "Oxford/Third Exclusion" 1681
James II
  "Loyal" 1685
William III and Mary II
  1st "Convention (2)" 1689
  2nd 1690
  3rd 1695
  4th 1698
  5th Feb 1701
  6th Dec 1701
Anne
  1st 1702
  2nd 1705

List of parliaments of England List of acts of the Parliament of England

The Speaker, Edward Phelips

The 1st Parliament of King James I was summoned by King James I on 31 January 1604 and assembled on 19 March following. It was known as the Blessed Parliament and took place in five sessions, interrupted by Holy Days and the Gunpowder Plot. The speaker was Edward Phelips, the Member of Parliament for Somerset.

King James' objective from the first session of his first Parliament after taking the English throne in addition to that of Scotland was to bring about a statutory union of the two countries. As he said, he did not wish to be "a husband to two wives". However the House of Commons rejected the proposal on the grounds that it would affect English Common Law, and when James sought legal help, he found the judges agreed with Parliament. He was also denied funds as the subsidy was still being collected.

Parliament re-assembled for the second session on 5 November 1605, which was postponed until 6 January 1606 because of the Gunpowder Plot. A bill to outlaw purveyance, whereby the Royal Household could obtain goods by right at reduced prices, was thwarted by the House of Lords. However legislation was successively enacted to prohibit Englishmen from serving in the Spanish armed forces, then at war with the Dutch. The Spanish Company, a trading company which claimed a monopoly on trade with Spain, was also suppressed. In reaction to the Gunpowder Plot, King James was granted subsidies then worth £400,000.

The third session (November 1606 to July 1607) returned to the issue of union between England and Scotland, but only agreed to abolish some medieval laws dealing with Anglo-Scottish hostilities.

The fourth session, delayed by plague and King James' reluctance, met on 9 February 1610. Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, the Lord Treasurer, informed the House that the King needed £600,000 to clear his debts and modernise the Navy. In addition, he proposed a new annual subsidy for the Royal Household of £200,000, in return for which the King would give up his right of purveyance and other historic privileges. After some negotiation a deal was agreed and members left for the summer to consult their constituents on the issue.

The fifth and final session met on 16 October 1610. Support for the "Great Contract" negotiated in the previous session to guarantee the King's finances ran into difficulties over specific taxes the King was imposing on trade and the Commons withdrew from the deal. The King's patience had by now run out. Although initially intended that Parliament should reconvene on 9 February 1611, the King's anger was so great that on 31 December he issued a Proclamation dissolving the assembly, therefore nicknamed "Blessed Parliament".

The Parliament was officially dissolved on 9 February 1611.

Notable acts passed in the Parliament

See also

References

  • "The Parliament of 1604-1610". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 25 October 2016.

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