Robinson earned immediate playing time as a freshman at Texas in 2020.[8][9] He earned the 2020 Alamo Bowl MVP with 10 rushes for 183 yards and a touchdown against Colorado.[10] He finished the 2020 season with 86 carries for 703 rushing yards and four rushing touchdowns to go with two receiving touchdowns.[11]
On October 2, 2021, against TCU, Robinson had 35 carries for 216 yards and two touchdowns in the victory.[12] In the 2021 season, Robinson rushed for 1,127 yards and was named a member of the All Big-12 Conference first team.[13]
On November 19, 2022 against Kansas, Robinson had 25 carries for 243 rushing yards and four touchdowns in the win.[14] In the 2022 season, he had 1,580 rushing yards and 18 touchdowns was named a unanimous All-American and won the Doak Walker Award for the nation's best running back.[15][16] He led the Big 12 in rushing yards and rushing touchdowns.[17] He finished in ninth place in Heisman Trophy voting.[18]
Robinson was selected by the Atlanta Falcons with the eighth overall pick in the 2023 NFL draft.[20] On May 12, 2023, Robinson signed his four-year rookie contract worth $21.96 million fully guaranteed.[21]
Robinson made his NFL debut in Week 1 against the Carolina Panthers. In the game, Robinson rushed for 56 yards and had six receptions for 27 yards and his first career receiving touchdown in the 24–10 win.[22] In Week 2 against the Green Bay Packers, Robinson ran for 129 yards and had four receptions for 48 yards in the 25–24 comeback win.[23] In the regular season finale against the Saints, he had seven receptions for 103 yards and a receiving touchdown in the 48–17 loss.[24] He started in 16 games as a rookie. He finished with 214 carries for 976 rushing yards and four rushing touchdowns to go with 58 receptions for 487 receiving yards and four receiving touchdowns.[25] He was named to the PFWA All-Rookie Team.[26]
Robinson is a Christian.[27] Robinson was named by his mother after the Iranian fashion designer Bijan, the Persian word for hero.[28][29] His great uncle is Paul Robinson, a former running back who played for the Cincinnati Bengals, Houston Oilers, and Birmingham Americans.[29] In 2022, Robinson began promoting his gourmet, Texas-based dijon mustard brand, Bijan Mustardson, along with a comedically themed line of accompanying merchandise and advertisements.[30]