In a chronological manner, Nowytski's film unfolds during the years of Soviet–Nazi collaboration recounting the losses and Ukrainian people suffering; the documentary shifts to the destruction wrought by Joseph Stalin's scorched earth policy as the Soviet Union's Red Army retreated, and shows the ruins left behind by the German and then the Soviet offensives.[1]
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Between Hitler and Stalin describes the activity of the underground resistance movements, and specifically the long and large-scale struggle of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) on two fronts, against both totalitarian powers, for Ukraine's independence. As Oksana Zakydalsky writes for The Ukrainian Weekly: "although [World War II is] often called the Russo-German war or described as Russia at war, only parts of Russia were occupied, while all Ukrainian territories were invaded and laid waste by both the Nazi and Soviet war machines. … The film documents Ukraine's contribution to the war against totalitarianism and the price Ukraine paid for its independence."[1]
