During the latter part of the 19th century, Batavia, home to six American-style windmill manufacturing companies, became known as "The Windmill City".[4]Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, a federal government-sponsored high-energy physics laboratory, where both the bottom quark and the top quark were first detected, is located just east of the city limits.
Batavia was settled in 1833 by Christopher Payne and his family. Originally called Big Woods for the wild growth throughout the settlement, the town was renamed by local judge and former Congressman Isaac Wilson in 1840 after his former home of Batavia, New York, which was in turn named after the Batavian Republic, a short-lived republic that existed from 1795 to 1806 in the present-day Netherlands.[7][8] Because Judge Wilson owned the majority of the town, he was given permission to rename it.
Batavia's settlement was delayed one year by the Black Hawk War, in which Abraham Lincoln was a citizen soldier, and Zachary Taylor and Jefferson Davis were Army officers.[9] Although there is no direct evidence that Lincoln, Taylor, or Davis visited the future site of Batavia, there are writings by Lincoln that refer to "Head of the Big Woods", Batavia's original name. The city was incorporated on July 27, 1872.[10]
After the death of her husband, Mary Todd Lincoln was an involuntary resident of the Batavia Institute on May 20, 1875.[11] At the time the institute was known as Bellevue Place, a sanitarium for women. Mrs. Lincoln was released four months later on September 11, 1875.[12] In the late 19th century, Batavia was a major manufacturer of the Conestoga wagons used in the country's westward expansion.[13] Into the early 20th century, most of the windmill operated water pumps in use by America's farms were made at one of three windmill manufacturing companies in Batavia.[14][15] Many of the limestone buildings of these factories remain in use as government and commercial offices, and storefronts. The Aurora Elgin and Chicago Railway constructed a power plant in southern Batavia and added a branch to the city in 1902. The Campana Factory was built in 1936 to manufacture cosmetics for The Campana Company, particularly Italian Balm, the nation's best-selling hand lotion at the time.
Geography
The Fox River has been of central significance to settlement and life in Batavia.
According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Batavia has a total area of 10.84 square miles (28.08 km2), of which 10.65 square miles (27.58 km2) (or 98.28%) is land and 0.19 square miles (0.49 km2) (or 1.72%) is water.[17]
The Peace Bridge on the Fox River in Downtown Batavia
Batavia city, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
As of the 2020 census[22] there were 26,098 people, 9,728 households, and 6,947 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,408.45 inhabitants per square mile (929.91/km2). There were 10,381 housing units at an average density of 958.01 per square mile (369.89/km2).
There were 9,728 households, out of which 37.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.70% were married couples living together, 6.31% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.59% were non-families. 23.97% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.52% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.29 and the average family size was 2.71.
The city's age distribution consisted of 26.3% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 27.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $97,995, and the median income for a family was $123,247. Males had a median income of $69,895 versus $39,602 for females. The per capita income for the city was $46,134. About 3.6% of families and 5.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.0% of those under age 18 and 5.5% of those age 65 or over.
Economy
Aldi, Inc., the U.S. subsidiary of Aldi Süd, has its headquarters in Batavia.[23]
Fermilab is located just outside the town borders and serves as employment for many of the town's residents.
According to the City's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[24] the top employers in the city are:
Batavia is governed by a 14-member city council. There are seven wards in the city, and each ward elects two aldermen. The mayor chairs the city council and is elected citywide every four years.
Jeffery Schielke has been Mayor of Batavia since 1981.[27]
Education
Batavia is served by Batavia Public School District No. 101. The district currently consists of six K–5 elementary schools, one 6–8 middle school, and Batavia High School.[28] Small pockets of the city are served by Geneva Community Unit School District 304 and West Aurora Public School District 129.
Infrastructure
Transportation
Some bus transportation is serviced by Pace. The Geneva and AuroraMetra train stations are nearby. Paths for biking and walking exist along the Fox River.
^Robinson, Marilyn; Schielke, Jeffery D.; Gustafson, John (1998) [1962]. John Gustafson's Historic Batavia. Batavia, Ill: Batavia Historical Society. ISBN0-923889-06-X. OCLC38030962.
^Cisneros, Stacey L.; Scheetz, George H. (2008). Windmill City: A Guide to the Historic Windmills of Batavia, Illinois. Batavia, Ill: Batavia Public Library. OCLC247081989.
^"Batavia History". Batavia Historical Society. 2000. Archived from the original on January 15, 2010. Retrieved February 8, 2010.
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