The Battle of Philippi, also known as the "Philippi Races", was fought in Barbour County on June 3, 1861. Although a minor action, it is generally considered the first land engagement of the American Civil War.
The first white settlement in present-day Barbour County was established in 1780 by Richard Talbott – along with his brother Cotteral and sister Charity – about three miles (4.8 km) downriver from the future site of Philippi.[8] At this time the region was still a part of Monongalia County, Virginia. The region had had no permanent Indian settlements and so conflicts with Native Americans were relatively infrequent in the early days. Nevertheless, the Talbotts were obliged to leave their homestead several times for safety and twice found it necessary to retreat back east of the Alleghenies, returning each time. No member of this eventually large family was ever killed by Indian attacks.[9]
Over time, parts of the future Barbour County were included in the newly created Harrison (1784), Randolph (1787), and Lewis (1816) Counties. Barbour County itself was created in 1843 and named for the late Virginia politician and juristPhilip P. Barbour (1783–1841). (Barbour had served as a U.S. Congressman from Virginia, Speaker of the House, and Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court.) The settlement of Philippi – formerly "Anglin's Ford" and "Booth's Ferry" – was platted, named, and made the county seat in the same year; it was chartered in 1844. By the 1850s, when a major covered bridge was constructed at Philippi to service travellers on the Beverly-Fairmont Turnpike, the county's population was approaching 10,000 people.
The first newspaper in the county was the Barbour Jeffersonian, published starting in August 1857 and running only to about June 1861. It was put out by Thompson Surghnor (1820-1864).[10]
Civil War
In April 1861, an Ordinance of Secession from the United States of America was approved throughout the state of Virginia in a referendum. Delegates from 25 western counties, however, assembled at Wheeling on 13 May for the first of a two meetings (see Wheeling Convention) called to repeal the Ordinance. The delegates from Barbour County for the first convention were Spencer Dayton, John H. Shuttleworth, and E.H. Manafee. Barbour County had voted in favor of Virginia's secession, though, and a palmetto secession flag had been flying above the courthouse since January, 1861.[11]
On 3 June 1861, Philippi was the scene of one of the first battles of the American Civil War. The battle was later lampooned as the "Philippi Races" because of the hurried retreat by the Confederate troops encamped in the town. (The skirmish is reenacted every June during the town's "Blue and Gray Reunion".) At daylight on June 3, two columns of Union forces under the command of Col. Benjamin Franklin Kelley and Col. Ebenezer Dumont, with perhaps 3,000 men, arrived from Grafton and attacked about 800 poorly armed Confederate recruits under the command of Col. George A. Porterfield. The Union troops had marched all night through a heavy rain storm to arrive just before daylight. The surprise attack awakened the sleeping Confederates. After firing a few shots at the advancing Union troops, the Southerners broke lines and began running frantically to the south, some still in their bed clothes.
The Union victory in a relatively bloodless battle propelled the young Major GeneralGeorge B. McClellan into the national spotlight, and he would soon be given command of all Union armies. The battle also inspired more vocal protests in the Western part of Virginia against secession. On 11 June, the second Wheeling Convention met in that city and Barbour County was again represented by Dayton and Shuttleworth, who were this time joined by N.H. Taft. The Convention nullified the Virginia Ordinance of Secession and named Francis H. Pierpont governor. These events would eventually result in the separate statehood of West Virginia.
Later history
The economy and infrastructure in Barbour grew steadily, but slowly, through the late 19th century. Although the first railroad had reached nearby Grafton in 1852, a narrow-gauge railroad was not laid through the county until the early 1880s; a standard gauge line followed in the 1890s.
In 1990, private developers offered Barbour County citizens $4M to $6M annually in host fees to accept out-of-state garbage into a County landfill over the following three decades. Up to 200,000 tons of garbage per month would be delivered.[12] (At the time, the county's annual budget was only about $1M.) County voters rejected the offer.[13]
In 2023, Barbour County lost its major employer when Alderson-Broaddus University's board of trustees voted to close the institution some 152 years after its founding.[14]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 343 square miles (890 km2), of which 341 square miles (880 km2) is land and 1.8 square miles (4.7 km2) (0.5%) is water.[15]
Barbour County is situated on the Allegheny Plateau at the western edge of the Allegheny Mountains (represented by Laurel Mountain at the county's eastern boundary). Most of the county is drained by the Tygart Valley River which traverses it from south to north and on which its three largest settlements – Philippi, Belington, and Junior – are sited. Tributaries of the Tygart in the County include Teter Creek, Laurel Creek, Hacker's Creek, the Buckhannon River and the West Fork River. A portion of the County in the west drains into the Middle Fork River, principally through Elk Creek. Audra State Park – the county's only state park – is situated on the Middle Fork in the southwest corner. Teter Creek Lake Wildlife Management Area – the county's only WMA – is located on that stream and lake in the eastern portion. All of the mentioned streams are part of the greater Monongahela River watershed.
Of the 5,813 households, 47.5% were married couples living together, 25.5% had a female householder with no spouse present, 18.4% had a male householder with no spouse present. The average household and family size was 3.22. The median age in the county was 42.7 years with 20.5% of the population under 18. The median income for a household was $42,260 and the poverty rate was 20.8%.[21]
2010 census
As of the 2010 United States census, there were 16,589 people, 6,548 households, and 4,643 families residing in the county.[22] The population density was 48.6 inhabitants per square mile (18.8/km2). There were 7,849 housing units at an average density of 23.0 per square mile (8.9/km2).[23] The racial makeup of the county was 96.8% white, 0.7% black or African American, 0.6% American Indian, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 0.6% of the population.[22] In terms of ancestry, 23.4% were German, 22.3% were American, 13.6% were Irish, and 11.0% were English.[24]
Of the 6,548 households, 30.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.8% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 29.1% were non-families, and 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.89. The median age was 41.5 years.[22]
The median income for a household in the county was $31,212 and the median income for a family was $39,434. Males had a median income of $34,573 versus $21,797 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,304. About 14.3% of families and 18.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.5% of those under age 18 and 13.6% of those age 65 or over.[25]
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 15,557 people, 6,123 households, and 4,365 families residing in the county. The population density was 46 people per square mile (18 people/km2). There were 7,348 housing units at an average density of 22 per square mile (8.5/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 97.36% White, 0.49% Black or African American, 0.71% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.12% from other races, and 1.03% from two or more races. 0.47% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. In addition, the area has a significant population of racially mixed (though often light-skinned and blue-eyed) people, known locally as 'the Chestnut Ridge people', whose specific origins are uncertain. They are categorized by many scholars among the Melungeons found scattered throughout Appalachia.
There were 6,123 households, out of which 30.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.20% were married couples living together, 10.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.70% were non-families. 25.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.94.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.00% under the age of 18, 9.40% from 18 to 24, 26.80% from 25 to 44, 25.20% from 45 to 64, and 15.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 96.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.00 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $24,729, and the median income for a family was $29,722. Males had a median income of $24,861 versus $17,433 for females. The per capita income for the county was $12,440. 22.60% of the population and 18.40% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 32.00% of those under the age of 18 and 16.70% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.
Barbour County was generally split for most of the twentieth century, though it tended to vote more for Democrats rather than Republicans. This is due to the county's split position in the American Civil War between Unionists and Secessionists.[26] Since the 2000 presidential election, Barbour County has followed the trend with the rest of the state towards the Republicans.
United States presidential election results for Barbour County, West Virginia[27]
Major employment in Barbour County is provided by health care and social service sectors, retail, education, accommodation and food services, logging and wood product manufacturing, trucking and construction. The largest employers are Alderson Broaddus University and Broaddus Hospital.
Bituminous coal mining has been significant in Barbour; seven times as much tonnage has been produced from underground as by surface mining. Natural gas and oil wells provide a modest amount of employment. Wholesale lumber production (wood and wood products) is also present. (The county is a member of the West Virginia Hardwood Alliance Zone.) There is notable production of eggs and horse raising, but the major agricultural products are livestock, forage, dairy foods and orchard fruits.
In 1863, West Virginia's counties were divided into civil townships, with the intention of encouraging local government. This proved impractical in the heavily rural state, and in 1872 the townships were converted into magisterial districts.[28] Barbour County's original magisterial districts were Barker, Cove, Elk, Glade, Philippi, Pleasant, and Union. Between 1880 and 1890, part of Barker District was split off to form Valley District. These eight districts continued until the 1970s, when they were consolidated into three districts: North, South, and West.[29]
The names and boundaries of Barbour county's historic magisterial districts were preserved as assessment and tax districts, alongside the corporations of Belington, Junior, and Philippi. The City of Philippi is divided into four wards, all of which are in Philippi District. The first and second wards of Belington are in Valley District, while the second and third ward are in Barker District.
Coonts, Violet Gadd (2nd ed, May 1991), The Western Waters: Early Settlers of Eastern Barbour County, West Virginia, Assisted by Gilbert Gray Coonts and Harold Cart Gadd, Published by Stephen P. Coonts, Denver, CO.
Coffman, Mary Stemple and Ethel Park Stemple (1978), Footsteps of Our Fathers: Early Settlers of Tacy (Barbour County) W. Va.; Baltimore.
Hardesty's Historical and Geographical Encyclopedia, Illustrated: Containing large scale copper plate Maps of Each State and Territory of the United States, and the Provinces of Canada ... Special History of the Virginias, Maps and Histories of Lewis, Upshur and Barbour Counties, West Virginia ... Volume 4 of the series published by H.H. Hardesty, 1883, 391 pages. (Reprint edition edited by Jim Comstock; Subsequent reprint by Wes Cochran. Contains a brief history of Barbour County and biographical sketches of its citizens.)
Zinn, W.D. (1931), The Story of Woodbine Farm, Buckhannon, West Virginia: Kent Reger, Job Printer. (A detailed account of life and work on a Barbour County [Shooks Run] farm in the late-19th/early-20th centuries.)
وايت هال الإحداثيات 39°26′20″N 90°24′07″W / 39.4387927°N 90.4019303°W / 39.4387927; -90.4019303 تقسيم إداري البلد الولايات المتحدة[1] التقسيم الأعلى مقاطعة غرين، إلينوي خصائص جغرافية المساحة 2.63 ميل مربع6.8227 كيلومتر مربع (1 أبريل 2010) ارتفاع 175 متر عدد السكان &#...
Maersk LineJenisSwastaIndustriPengapalan peti kemasDidirikan1928KantorpusatCopenhagen, DenmarkWilayah operasiSeluruh duniaTokohkunciSoren Skou (CEO)Pendapatan $31,18 milyar (2015)PemilikA.P. Moller-Maersk GroupKaryawan31.600 (2018)Situs webMaerskLine.com Maersk Line adalah sebuah perusahaan pengapalan peti kemas internasional asal Denmark dan merupakan anak usaha terbesar dari Maersk Group. Maersk Line merupakan perusahaan pengapalan peti kemas terbesar di dunia, baik dari sisi total jumlah k...
Leluhur Raja Ælfwald dalam Textus Roffensis. Wehha muncul di baris ketujuh: Ƿehh·ƿilhelminᵹ. Wehha adalah nenek moyang legendaris dinasti Wuffinga yang memerintah Anglia Timur pada Abad Pertengahan Awal. Dia muncul dalam silsilah Koleksi Anglia sebagai putra Wilhelm dan ayahanda Wuffa, eponim dinasti Wuffinga[1]. Sebagian besar sumber menjadikan Wuffa raja pertama Anglia Timur[2], kecuali Historia Brittonum, yang mengaitkan perbedaan ini dengan Wehha. Awal pemerintahan p...
2013 Doctor Who episode239 – The Name of the DoctorDoctor Who episodeOfficial posterCastDoctor Matt Smith – Eleventh Doctor Companion Jenna-Louise Coleman – Clara Oswald Others Alex Kingston – River Song Richard E. Grant – The Great Intelligence Neve McIntosh – Madame Vastra Catrin Stewart – Jenny Flint Dan Starkey – Strax Eve de Leon Allen – Angie Kassius Carey Johnson – Artie Nasi Voustsas – Andro David Avery – Fabian Michael Jenn – Clarence Rab Affleck –...
This user is busy in real life and may not respond swiftly to queries. This user is aware of the designation of the following topics as contentious topics: the Arab–Israeli conflict post-1992 politics of the United States and closely related people articles about living or recently deceased people, and edits relating to the subject (living or recently deceased) of such biographical articles Eastern Europe or the Balkans the English Wikipedia Manual of Style and article titles policy gender-...
Hoyerswerdaer Schwarzwasser obersorbisch Čornica Das Schwarzwasser bei Muschelwitz Das Schwarzwasser bei Muschelwitz Daten Gewässerkennzahl DE: 53814 Lage Landkreis Bautzen, Sachsen Flusssystem Elbe Abfluss über Schwarze Elster → Elbe → Nordsee Quelle Hoher Hahn bei Tröbigau51° 6′ 36″ N, 14° 16′ 7″ O51.1114.268611111111419 Quellhöhe 419 m ü. NN Mündung südlich von Hoy...
For other ships with the same name, see HMS Hurworth. HMS Hurworth operating in the English Channel History United Kingdom NameHMS Hurworth OperatorRoyal Navy BuilderVosper Thornycroft Launched25 September 1984 Sponsored byLady Anne Hallifax,[2] wife of Admiral Sir David Hallifax KCB KCVO KBE Commissioned2 July 1985[1] HomeportHMNB Portsmouth, Hampshire Identification Pennant number: M39 IMO number: 8401509 MMSI number: 232002833 Callsign: GBPL Statusin active ser...
Former state electoral district of Victoria, Australia WarrnamboolVictoria—Legislative AssemblyElectoral District of Warrnambool, 1856StateVictoriaDates current1856–1955, 1967–2002DemographicUrbanised RuralCoordinates38°23′S 142°29′E / 38.383°S 142.483°E / -38.383; 142.483 The Electoral district of Warrnambool was an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. Between 1955 and 1967 the district was abolished and distributed between the Elect...
German actress (born 1986) Violetta SchurawlowBorn (1986-03-01) 1 March 1986 (age 37)Angren, Uzbekistan, Soviet UnionOccupationActressYears active2012-present Violetta Schurawlow (born 1 March 1986) is a German actress.[1] She appeared in more than ten films since 2012. Selected filmography Year Title Role Notes 2014 Everything is Love [de] Bianca 2014 Head Full of Honey Nonne 2015 Half Brothers [de] Jenny 2017 Iceman Mitar 2017 Familiye Sila M...
Defunct daily newspaper in Boston The Boston AdvertiserTypeDaily newspaper[1]FormatBroadsheetFounded1813[1]LanguageEnglishCeased publication1929HeadquartersBoston, MassachusettsUnited States The Boston Daily Advertiser (est. March 1813) was the first daily newspaper in Boston, and for many years the only daily paper in Boston.[2] History Daily Advertiser building, Boston, c. 1870s The Advertiser was established in early March 1813. It was published by William W. Clapp ...
Simultaneous use of multiple musical keys Polytonality (also polyharmony[1]) is the musical use of more than one key simultaneously. Bitonality is the use of only two different keys at the same time. Polyvalence or polyvalency is the use of more than one harmonic function, from the same key, at the same time.[2] Example of C- and F-sharp major chords together in Stravinsky's Petrushka (see: Petrushka chord) Some examples of bitonality superimpose fully harmonized sections of m...
Menara air di Pulau Margit. Pulau Margit atau Pulau Margaret (bahasa Hungaria: Margit-sziget [ˈmɒrɡit ˈsigɛt], Jerman: Margareteninsel, Turki: Kızadası) adalah sebuah pulau yang terletak di tengah Sungai Donau di pusat kota Budapest, Hungaria. Pulau ini memiliki panjang sekitar 2,5 km dan lebar 500m, sementara luasnya tercatat sebesar 0,965 km2. Pulau ini merupakan tempat rekreasi yang populer. Di tempat ini terdapat taman-taman dan juga reruntuhan-reruntuhan dari abad pert...
This article is an orphan, as no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; try the Find link tool for suggestions. (June 2023) Village in Uttar Pradesh, IndiaGajraula ShivvillageGajraula ShivShow map of Uttar PradeshGajraula ShivShow map of IndiaCoordinates: 29°26′28″N 78°08′38″E / 29.44111°N 78.14389°E / 29.44111; 78.14389CountryIndiaDistrictBijnorEstablished1918; 105 years ago (1918)Founded bya...
Township in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States Township in New JerseyWyckoff, New JerseyTownshipVan Blarcom – Jardine House SealNickname: Garden Town in the Garden State[1]Location of Wyckoff in Bergen County highlighted in red (left). Inset map: Location of Bergen County in New Jersey highlighted in orange (right).Census Bureau map of Wyckoff, New JerseyWyckoffLocation in Bergen CountyShow map of Bergen County, New JerseyWyckoffLocation in New JerseyShow map of New Jerse...
Untuk pemain sepak bola, lihat Lee Jun-ki (pemain sepak bola). Lee Joon-giLee pada tahun 2022Lahir17 April 1982 (umur 41)Busan, Korea SelatanPendidikanSeoul Arts CollegePekerjaanPemeran, penyanyi, penari, modelTahun aktif2001–sekarangAgenNamoo Actors[1]Nama KoreaHangul이준기 Hanja李準基 Alih AksaraI Jun-giMcCune–ReischauerYi Chungi Situs webwww.leejoongi.co.kr Lee Joon-gi (Hangul: 이준기, Hanja: 李準基, lahir 17 April 1982)[2] adalah aktor dan peragaw...
IndonesiaFIBA zoneFIBA AsiaWorld CupAppearancesNoneAsian ChampionshipAppearances5 (1980, 1990, 1992, 2008, 2016)MedalsNone The Indonesia women's national under-18 basketball team is a national basketball team of Indonesia, administered by the Indonesian Basketball Association PERBASI.[1] It represents the country in international under-18 (under age 18) women's basketball competitions. Competitions FIBA Women's Asia Cup Asian Cup Record Year Division A Division B Position Pld W L Posi...
Japanese model Nozomi Sasaki's first photobook Nozomi AuthorTakeo Dec.[1]LanguageJapanese[1]Publication dateAugust 1, 2008[1]Media typePhotobook[1]Pages96 pp[1] Nozomi, officially stylized as nozomi, is the first photobook by Japanese model Nozomi Sasaki,[2] released in late 2008 by Shueisha.[1] It consists of photographs of Sasaki taken in Hawaii, Tokyo, and several other places. It also contains her swimsuit photos, without-makeup...
Sporting event delegationKuwait at the2014 Summer Youth OlympicsIOC codeKUWNOCKuwait Olympic Committeein NanjingCompetitors5 in 4 sportsMedals Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 Summer Youth Olympics appearances201020142018 Kuwait competed at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, in Nanjing, China from 16 August to 28 August 2014. Athletics Main article: Athletics at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics Kuwait qualified two athletes.[1] Qualification Legend: Q=Final A (medal); qB=Final B (non-medal...
Orthodox synagogue in New Jersey Synagogue of DealSynagogue of DealReligionAffiliationOrthodox JudaismLeadershipRabbi Isaac DwekLocationLocation128 Norwood AvenueMunicipalityDealStateNew JerseyCountryUnited StatesGeographic coordinates40°15′09″N 74°00′04″W / 40.25250°N 74.00111°W / 40.25250; -74.00111ArchitectureArchitect(s)Glicksman & RizzoCompleted1973Construction cost$700,000SpecificationsCapacity325 seatsMaterialsBrick, timberWebsitehttp://dealshul....
