The All-Russian Fascist Organization (VFO) (Russian: Всероссийская фашистская организация, romanized: Vserossiyskaya Fashistskaya Organizatsiya) was a Russian white émigré group led by Anastasy Vonsiatsky. It was based in Putnam, Connecticut, United States and was founded on May 10, 1933, by Vonsiatsky and Donat Yosifovich Kunle, a former White Russian Army officer. The group never had more than several hundred members.[1][2]
In 1934, in Yokohama, the Russian Fascist Party (RFP) and VFO attempted to merge into a new entity, the All-Russia Fascist Party. On April 3, 1934, representatives from both organisations signed a protocol number 1, which proclaimed the merger of RFP and VFO and the creation of the All-Russia Fascist Party (VFP). The new organisation was intended to connect the RFP's organizational structure with the financial resources of the VFO. April 26, 1934, in Harbin on 2-m (Unity) Congress of Russian Fascists happened formal association VFO and the RFP and the creation of the All-Russia Fascist Party.[3]
A full merger was quite problematic however, because Vonsiatsky was an opponent of anti-Semitism and considered the support base of the RFP—primarily Russian Cossacks and the monarchists—as an anachronism. In October–December 1934 there was a split between Konstantin Rodzaevsky and Anastasy Vonsiatsky. The Vonsiatsky group remained in the RFP, but later he refounded his party as the All-Russian National Revolutionary Party.[4][5] The party remained a marginal feature.[4] It was renamed several times, eventually assuming the name All-Russian National Revolutionary Toilers and Workers-Peasants Party of Fascists (Russian: Всероссийская национально-революционная трудовая и рабоче-крестьянская партии фашистов).[6]
In 1940 – December 1941, the cooperation of Rodzaevsky and Vonsiatsky resumed, interrupted with the start of Japanese-American War.
On June 21, 1941, Donat Kunle, a pilot, died in a plane crash in California, resulting in the VFO ceasing the publication of its newspaper, Fashist.[7]
After the U.S. entry into World War II in 1942 Anastasy Vonsiatsky was arrested by the FBI for espionage, after which the party ceased to exist.
