Alex Chisholm

Sir Alex Chisholm KCB
Cabinet Office Permanent Secretary
In office 14 April 2020 – 2 April 2024
Deputy	James Bowler Sue Gray
Cabinet Secretary	Sir Mark Sedwill Simon Case
Chancellor	Michael Gove Steve Barclay Kit Malthouse Nadhim Zahawi Oliver Dowden
Preceded by	Sir John Manzoni
Succeeded by	Cat Little
Chief Operating Officer of the Civil Service
In office 14 April 2020 – 2 April 2024
Head	Sir Mark Sedwill Simon Case
Preceded by	Sir John Manzoni[a]
Succeeded by	Cat Little
Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
In office 5 September 2016 – 14 April 2020
Prime Minister	Theresa May Boris Johnson
Minister	Greg Clark Andrea Leadsom Alok Sharma
Preceded by	Sir Martin Donnelly
Succeeded by	Sarah Munby
Personal details
Born	(1968-01-02) 2 January 1968 (age 57)
Children	Aidan Chisholm, Ciarán Chisholm, Gabriel Chisholm
Alma mater	Merton College, Oxford INSEAD

Sir Alexander James Chisholm KCB (born 2 January 1968) is a British civil servant and former regulator, who served as Cabinet Office Permanent Secretary and the chief operating officer of the United Kingdom's Civil Service between April 2020 and April 2024.

He was previously the permanent secretary at the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy from September 2016 to April 2020 and permanent secretary at the Department for Energy and Climate Change during 2016. Chisholm was previously the chief executive of the United Kingdom's Competition and Markets Authority and chair of the Irish Commission for Communications Regulation, and has held senior positions in the media, technology and e-commerce industries.

Early life and education

Alex Chisholm was born on 2 January 1968 in London to parents Ian Duncan Chisholm and Annabel Chisholm.^[1] His father was a consultant psychiatrist and his mother was a daughter of the 2nd Baron Windlesham.^[2][3] He was privately educated at Downside School before studying history at Merton College, Oxford, and a Master of Business Administration degree at INSEAD.^[4][1]

Early career

Chisholm began work as a civil servant in 1990, working at the Department of Trade and Industry and Office of Fair Trading (OFT) until 1997.^[1] He specialised in competition policy and the media, communications and financial services sectors.

He then worked for three years for Pearson plc and the Financial Times, before spending some years working for technology companies, eCountries Inc and Ecceleration Ltd.^[4] He also founded and ran Heritage Bulbs, a company specialising in the provision of rare and historic bulbs.^[5]

In 2007 Chisholm was appointed as a commissioner of the Commission for Communications Regulation in Ireland, becoming its chair in February 2010.^[6] He left the role to become the first chief executive of the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) in the United Kingdom, with his appointment announced on 8 January 2013.^[7] The CMA was formally launched on 1 October 2013 and became fully operational on 1 April 2014. It brought together most of the responsibilities of the former OFT and the former Competition Commission. Chisholm, after taking up his post, was responsible for merging these two bodies and streamlining their operations.^[8]

In 2014, the CMA began an inquiry into the banking sector, which was opposed by major banks.^[9] The authority found that HSBC and First Trust Bank had broken competition rules.^[10] During a talk to the Institute of Directors, he defended the existence of regulators because "some market participants can ruin it for everybody" and that Bitcoin provided "welcome competition".^[11] In 2015, Chisholm wrote in a Financial Times article that proposed taxi regulations by Transport for London, following protests against ride-sharing firm Uber, would "artificially restrict competition".^[12][13] In 2016 he announced a CMA report that advocated abolishing passenger rail franchising to allow different companies to run services on the same routes.^[14]

Permanent secretary roles

Chisholm was appointed as permanent secretary to the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) in 2016, and continued as permanent secretary for the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) after it was created nine days later in September 2016 by merging DECC and the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.^[15][16] His appointment was criticised by OVO Energy founder Stephen Fitzpatrick who said that a CMA inquiry into the energy industry that was run while he was chief executive was "subjected to lobbying from the big six" that resulted in reforms that The Times described as "watered down".^[17] The review opposed the introduction of energy price caps, which BEIS introduced in 2019 while Chisholm was its permanent secretary.^[18][19] In November 2024 he was questioned by the Post Office Horizon IT Inquiry on his role in resolving the litigation with subpostmasters while at the Department. ^[20]

In April 2020 he was appointed as chief operating officer of the civil service and Cabinet Office Permanent Secretary, succeeding John Manzoni who had served as chief executive of the civil service and Cabinet Office Permanent Secretary. The role, as the civil service's "second in command", includes leading reform of the civil service and advising on the COVID-19 pandemic.^[21][22][23] He began the new role on 14 April 2020.^[24] In February 2024 it was announced that Chisholm would be succeeded by Cat Little.^[25]

Chisholm was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in the 2023 Birthday Honours for public service.^[26]

Personal life

Chisholm married Eliza Pakenham, daughter of Thomas Pakenham and granddaughter of the 7th Earl of Longford (Frank Longford), in 1993.^[1][27] They have three sons and live in London.^[1] He has been a trustee of Breadline Africa, an international charity, since 2003, and served as its deputy chair.^[1][6]

Notes

1. Manzoni served as Chief Executive of the Civil Service

References

1. "Chisholm, Alex, (born 2 Jan. 1968), Permanent Secretary, Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, since 2016". WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO. 2013. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U258764. ISBN 978-0-19-954088-4. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
2. "Ian Duncan Chisholm | RCP Museum". history.rcplondon.ac.uk. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
3. Burke's Peerage, Windlesham.
4. Department for Business, Innovation & Skills press release, 8 January 2013.
5. Sandy Mitchell, Meetings with remarkable bulbs, The Daily Telegraph, 11 September 2004 (accessed on 11 February 2013).
6. "Alex Chisholm". Government of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
7. "New competition authority completes leadership team – Press releases". Government of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
8. How we are revitalising the magic of markets to drive the growth we need, Alex Chisholm, 3 April 2014, CityAm [1]
9. Treanor, Jill (6 November 2014). "Free banking in the firing line as competition inquiry launches". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
10. Bachelor, Lisa (22 October 2014). "HSBC and First Trust Bank guilty of breaching competition rules". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
11. Ralph, Alex. "Competition chief says bitcoin can liberate the oppressed". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
12. Kollewe, Julia; Topham, Gwyn (4 December 2015). "Uber fundraising drive values firm higher than General Motors". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
13. Topham, Gwyn (2 December 2015). "Uber backed by competition watchdog in TfL regulation battle". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
14. "Competition regulator backs scrapping of rail franchises". The Guardian. 8 March 2016. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
15. "BEIS perm sec responds after staff raise concerns over new department's identity". civilserviceworld.com. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
16. "Interview: BEIS perm sec Alex Chisholm on merging DECC and BIS, the Industrial Strategy, and the Brexit challenge". civilserviceworld.com. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
17. Fortson, Danny. "Energy bosses slam watchdog chief's move to run ministry". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
18. Peachey, Kevin (1 January 2019). "Energy price cap comes into force". BBC News. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
19. Osborne, Alistair. "Eurasian Natural Resources Corp tests limits of virtue". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
20. "WITN00180100 Sir Alex Chisholm KCB - Witness Statement". Post Office Horizon IT Inquiry. 7 November 2024. Retrieved 7 November 2024.
21. Wright, Oliver. "Alex Chisholm appointed to oversee civil service reforms". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
22. "Chisholm named civil service chief operating officer to lead new reform drive". civilserviceworld.com. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
23. "Ex-officials with experience of crises recalled to Whitehall". The Guardian. 30 March 2020. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
24. Payne, Sebastian (30 March 2020). "Senior civil servant chosen to oversee Whitehall reforms". Financial Times. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
25. "The Cabinet Secretary has appointed Cat Little as the new Permanent Secretary to the Cabinet Office". GOV.UK. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
26. "No. 64082". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 June 2023. p. B3.
27. Burns, John. "Atticus: Court case is a bone of contention for British mandarin Alex Chisholm". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 21 April 2020.

Government offices
Preceded by Stephen Lovegrove	Permanent Secretary of the Department for Energy and Climate Change 2016	Succeeded by himself and Martin Donnelly as Permanent Secretaries, Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
Preceded by himself as Permanent Secretary, Department for Energy and Climate Change	Permanent Secretary of the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 2016–2020 With: Martin Donnelly (2016)	Succeeded by Sarah Munby
Preceded by Martin Donnelly as Permanent Secretary, Department for Business, Innovation and Skills