Alessandro Sforza (cardinal)

Alessandro Sforza di Santa Fiora

Alessandro Sforza (1534–1581) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.

Biography

A member of the House of Sforza, Alessandro Sforza was born in Rome in 1534, the son of Bosio II Sforza, count of Santa Fiora e Cotignola, and his wife Costanza Farnese, who was the natural and legitimized daughter of Pope Paul III. His brother Guido Ascanio Sforza di Santa Fiora also became a cardinal. He was the uncle of Cardinal Francesco Sforza.[1]

In June 1542 he became a scriptor of apostolic letters. He completed his training at the Gymnasium of Perugia, studying letters and probably also civil and canon law, and gained the academic title of Magister. Early in his ecclesiastical career, he became a papal chaplain.Through his older brother's influence, Allessandro was able to purchase a post in the Apostolic Camera. He became a canon of St. Peter's Basilica on 18 April 1554.[1]

Around 1549 Sforza came into possession of the garden/vineyard of Cardinal Rodolfo Pio da Carpi on the Quirinal. However, sometime after his death, financial constraints compelled his family to sell it to the Barberini. It became the site of the Palazzo Barberini.

He was caught up in a minor scandal after was he involved in a plan to return two galleys in use by the French to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Pretending to wish to embark, he had the vessels travel from Civitavecchia to Gaeta. The Sforza's were supporters of the Emperor; Pope Paul IV was not. Their actions caused an international outcry. The pope considered this an outrage and had Cardinal Guido Ascanio Sforza arrested in Castel Sant'Angelo. Alexander was dismissed from his posts and lost his ecclesiastical benefits. Imperial diplomacy facilitated an agreement: the return to Civitavecchia of Alessandro, with the galleys, in exchange for the release of his cardinal brother. The solution was accepted, however Sforza landed before reaching his destination and took refuge in the family fiefdom of Santa Fiora. After some cardinals intervened, Alessandro was reinstated in October 1557.[2]

In 1559 Sforza was named a praefectus annonae, charged with supervising the city's grain supply. In April 1560 he was bishop-elect of Parma, although his brother reserved several rights. He became an active participant in the Council of Trent. In 1564 he presided over the diocesan synod in Parma, and oversaw the publication of the Table of Christian Doctrine (in Parma, for Seth Viotti, 1564), a handbook which constitutes an early example of a post-Tridentine catechism.[2] In 1566 he funded the diocesan seminary.[3]

Pope Pius IV made him a cardinal priest in the consistory of 12 March 1565. He received the red hat and the titular church of Santa Maria in Via Lata on 15 May 1565. He participated in the papal conclave of 1565-66 that elected Pope Pius V.[1] Together with Cardinals Giovanni Ricci, Giovanni Francesco Commendone, and Marcantonio Bobba, he was named by Pope Pius V inspector of rivers, ports and public roads of Rome. On 5 January 1570 the pope named him papal legate a latere to Bologna and Romagna.[2]

Alessandro Sforza participated in the papal conclave of 1572 that elected Pope Gregory XIII. The new pope named him archpriest of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore; during the jubilee year of 1575, he opened the holy door there. Gregory XIII also made him cardinal protector of Spain. Sometime before 30 March 1573 he resigned the government of the Diocese of Parma. He was named Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura on 12 January 1575. On 11 July 1580 he was named papal legate to the Papal States, charged with eliminating banditry.[1]

Villa Sforzesca, Castell'Azzara

In 1573, he commissioned Giacomo della Porta to complete the family chapel started by his brother at Santa Maria Maggiore.[4] Around 1576 Sforza had a villa built, called "Sforzesca", in Castell'Azzara. It served the cardinal both as a summer residence and as a basis for the repression of the Brigandage. Gregory XIII stayed there in September 1578.

He died suddenly in Macerata on 16 May 1581. He was buried in the Sforza family chapel in the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Miranda, Salvador. "SFORZA, Alessandro (1534-1581)". The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Florida International University Libraries. OCLC 53276621.
  2. ^ a b c Brunelli, Giampiero. "Sforza, Alessandro", Treccani
  3. ^ "Seminario Maggiore", Emilia Romagna Tourismo
  4. ^ Jan L. de Jong. Tombs in Early Modern Rome (1400–1600): Monuments of Mourning, Memory and Meditation, BRILL, 2022, p. 104 ISBN 9789004526938

Read other articles:

RSAF 149 SquadronActive1 June 1985-presentRoleFighter-bomberGarrison/HQPaya Lebar Air BaseMotto(s)SteadfastEquipmentF-15SG Strike EagleCommandersNotablecommandersNg Chee KhernInsigniaIdentificationsymbolShikraMilitary unit The 149 Squadron Shikra of the Republic of Singapore Air Force is a fighter-bomber squadron based at Paya Lebar Air Base. The squadron goes by the motto Steadfast with the Shikra adopted as its mascot. History Based at Paya Lebar Air Base, 149 Squadron was inaugurated on 1 ...

 

عثمان المروندي مشهد لعل شهباز قلندر في «سيوستان» في الباكستان. معلومات شخصية الميلاد 1177مروند  [لغات أخرى]‏  الوفاة 1274سيوستان[1][2][3]  الديانة الاسلام الحياة العملية التلامذة المشهورون بودله بهار  [لغات أخرى]‏  المهنة شاعر،  وفيلسوف  ال

 

Public coeducational high school in Tallahassee, Florida, United StatesJames S. Rickards High SchoolAddress3013 Jim Lee RoadTallahassee, Florida 32301United StatesCoordinates30°24′26″N 84°15′46″W / 30.40724°N 84.26269°W / 30.40724; -84.26269InformationTypePublic coeducational high schoolMottoNew heights and rising!Established1960School districtLeon County SchoolsPrincipalDouglas CookStaff62.10 (FTE)[1]Grades9–12Enrollment1,495 (2018-19)[1]...

Сен-Мартен-д'АрдешSaint-Martin-d'Ardèche Країна  Франція Регіон Овернь-Рона-Альпи  Департамент Ардеш  Округ Прива Кантон Бур-Сент-Андеоль Код INSEE 07268 Поштові індекси 07700 Координати 44°18′16″ пн. ш. 4°33′59″ сх. д.H G O Висота 41 - 210 м.н.р.м. Площа 5,53 км² Населення 947 (01-2020[1 ...

 

Опис файлу Обґрунтування добропорядного використання для статті «Керала Бластерс» [?] Опис Логотип ФК «Керала Бластерс» для використання у статті Керала Бластерс Джерело Офіційний сайт Мета використання в якості основного засобу візуальної ідентифікації у вер...

 

الجزائر   → 5 يونيو 1997  الانتخابات البرلمانية لعام 1997 في الجزائر هي انتخابات تشريعية جرت في 5 يونيو 1997 لانتخاب 380 نائبا للمجلس الشعبي الوطني الجزائري . السياق منذ نهاية الانتخابات البرلمانية عام 1991 ، كان البلد في وضع أمني خطير للغاية به العديد من الهجمات والمذابح ضد ال

Need for SpeedEdisi standar menampilkan Subaru BRZ & Porsche 911 Carrera RSR 2.8Informasi produksiPengembangGhost GamesPenerbitElectronic ArtsPengarahCraig SullivanProduserLeanne LoombePerancangJames MouatPenulisJames WorrallKomponisPhotek Data permainanSeriNeed for SpeedMesinFrostbite 3PlatformMicrosoft WindowsPlayStation 4Xbox OneGenreBalapanModeSatu pemain, Multiplayer PerilisanTanggal rilisPlayStation 4, Xbox OneNA: 3 November 2015[1]Microsoft WindowsWW: 15 Maret 2016[2 ...

 

Untuk film animasi, lihat El Apóstol. Untuk novel Brad Thor, lihat The Apostle (novel). The ApostlePoster rilis teatrikalSutradara Robert Duvall Produser Steven Brown Rob Carliner Robert Duvall Ditulis oleh Robert Duvall PemeranRobert DuvallFarrah FawcettMiranda RichardsonBilly Joe ShaverBilly Bob ThorntonJune Carter CashTodd AllenWalton GogginsPenata musikDavid MansfieldSinematograferBarry MarkowitzPenyuntingStephen MackDistributorOctober FilmsTanggal rilis 17 Desember 1997 (1997...

 

الالتهاب المفصلي الروماتويدي اليفعيJuvenile rheumatoid arthritis التهاب مفصلي روماتويدي يفعي معلومات عامة الاختصاص طب الروماتزم  من أنواع التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي،  والتهاب المفاصل لدى الأطفال،  والتهاب المفاصل المتعدد،  ومرض  الإدارة أدوية تولميتين،  وديكلوفيناك...

العلاقات الغابونية الإسرائيلية الغابون إسرائيل   الغابون   إسرائيل تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الغابونية الإسرائيلية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين الغابون وإسرائيل.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وج...

 

Koordinat: 41°02′30″N 29°00′20″E / 41.04167°N 29.00556°E / 41.04167; 29.00556 Museum Angkatan Laut IstanbulBangunan baru Museum Angkatan Laut IstanbulDidirikan1897; 125 tahun lalu (1897)LokasiHayrettin İskelesi Sok.80690 Beşiktaş, Istanbul, TurkiJenisMuseum angkatan lautSitus webwww.denizmuzeleri.tsk.tr/en/ Museum Angkatan Laut Istanbul (Turki: İstanbul Deniz Müzesi) adalah sebuah museum angkatan laut nasional, yang terletak di distrik Beşikt...

 

Intercollegiate basketball season 2019–20 Vanderbilt Commodores women's basketballConferenceSoutheastern ConferenceRecord14–16 (4–12 SEC)Head coachStephanie White (4th season)Assistant coaches Kelly Komara Gary Redus II Shereka Wright Home arenaMemorial GymnasiumSeasons← 2018–192020–21 → 2019–20 SEC women's basketball standings vte Conf Overall Team W   L   PCT W   L   PCT No. 1 South Carolina † 16 – 0   1.000 32 ...

American television comedy series BarryGenre Black comedy[1] Comedy drama[2] Crime[3] Psychological drama[4] Tragicomedy[5][6][7] Created by Alec Berg Bill Hader Starring Bill Hader Stephen Root Sarah Goldberg Glenn Fleshler Anthony Carrigan Henry Winkler Sarah Burns Robert Wisdom Opening themeChange for the World by Charles Bradley (seasons 1–3)ComposerDavid WingoCountry of originUnited StatesOriginal languageEnglishNo. of seasons4No....

 

Afghan Pashto language television station This article uses bare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot. Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style. Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as reFill (documentation) and Citation bot (documentation). (August 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Sharq Radio TVTypeSatellite television ne...

 

Gerard Hiking TrailA vista of historic structures in Oil Creek State Park, seen from the Gerard Hiking Trail.Length36 mi (58 km)LocationVenango County, Pennsylvania, USUseHikingElevation changeModerateDifficultyModerateSeasonYear-roundHazardsUneven and rocky terrain, rattlesnakes, mosquitoes, ticks, black bears The Gerard Hiking Trail is an approximately 36-mile (58 km) hiking trail in Oil Creek State Park in northwestern Pennsylvania,[1] forming a long and narrow loop ...

2005 South Korean filmThe Art of SeductionPoster for The Art of Seduction (2005)Hangul작업의 정석Hanja作業의 定石Revised RomanizationJageobui jeongseokMcCune–ReischauerChakŏpŭi chŏngsŏk Directed byOh Ki-hwanWritten bySin Jeong-gooProduced byChoe Yong-baeStarringSon Ye-jinSong Il-gookCinematographyLee Suck-hyunEdited byKim Sun-minMusic byKim Jun-seokProductioncompanyChungeorahm FilmDistributed byShowboxRelease date 21 December 2005 (2005-12-21) Running time100 mi...

 

1953 film by George Cukor This article is about the 1953 film. For the 1928 film, see The Actress (1928 film). The ActressTheatrical release posterDirected byGeorge CukorScreenplay byRuth GordonBased onYears Ago1946 playby Ruth GordonProduced byLawrence WeingartenStarringSpencer TracyJean SimmonsTeresa WrightCinematographyHarold RossonEdited byGeorge BoemlerMusic byBronisław KaperProductioncompanyMetro-Goldwyn-MayerDistributed byLoew's Inc.[1]Release date September 25, 1953...

 

SambaliangDesaKantor Kepala Desa SambaliangNegara IndonesiaProvinsiSumatera UtaraKabupatenDairiKecamatanBerampuKode pos22251Kode Kemendagri12.11.13.2001 Luas... km²Jumlah penduduk... jiwaKepadatan... jiwa/km² Sambaliang merupakan salah satu desa yang ada di kecamatan Berampu, Kabupaten Dairi, provinsi Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Galeri Gereja HKI Sambaliang lbsKecamatan Berampu, Kabupaten Dairi, Sumatera UtaraDesa Banjar Toba Berampu Karing Pasi Sambaliang Artikel bertopik kelurahan ata...

Species of fungus Galerina patagonica Scientific classification Kingdom: Fungi Division: Basidiomycota Class: Agaricomycetes Order: Agaricales Family: Hymenogastraceae Genus: Galerina Species: G. patagonica Binomial name Galerina patagonicaSinger (1954) Galerina patagonica is a species of agaric fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae. First described by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1953,[1] it has a Gondwanan distribution, and is found in Australia, New Zealand, and Patagonia (South ...

 

Children's baseball tournament 2011 Little League World SeriesTournament detailsDatesAugust 18–August 28Teams16Final positionsChampionsOcean View Little League Huntington Beach, CaliforniaRunners-upHamamatsu Minami Little League Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, Japan← 2010 2012 → The 2011 Little League World Series took place in South Williamsport, Pennsylvania, between August 18 and 28.[1] Eight teams from the United States and eight from elsewhere in the world competed in the...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!