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Acridoidea
	Miramella alpina
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Orthoptera
Suborder:	Caelifera
Infraorder:	Acrididea
Informal group:	Acridomorpha
Superfamily:	Acridoidea; MacLeay, 1821
Families
	See Classification.
Synonyms
	Acridina MacLeay, 1821; Acridiodea MacLeay, 1821; Akridiodea; Pamphagoidea Burmeister, 1840;

Acridoidea is the largest superfamily of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera with over 11,000 species found on every continent except Antarctica.^[2]

Classification

Orthoptera Species File includes the following families:^[2]

Acrididae MacLeay, 1821
Dericorythidae Jacobson & Bianchi, 1905
Lathiceridae Dirsh, 1954
Lentulidae Dirsh, 1956
Lithidiidae Dirsh, 1961
Ommexechidae Bolívar, 1884
Pamphagidae Burmeister, 1840
Pamphagodidae Bolívar, 1884
Pyrgacrididae Kevan, 1974
Romaleidae Pictet & Saussure, 1887
Tristiridae Rehn, 1906

Chromosomes

Among the families Acrididae, Ommexechidae and Romaleidae there is reported to be chromosomal stability with a high frequency of species harbouring diploid number (2n) of 23♂/24♀ chromosomes.^[3]^[4] In species of Acrididae and Romaleidae it is common to have acrocentric chromosomes with a fundamental number (FN), i.e. number of chromosome arms, of 23♂/24♀.^[4] However, chromosomal rearrangements are frequently found as deviations from the standard acrocentric karyotype. In the subfamily Ommexechinae most species show a unique karyotype (2n = 23♂/24♀, FN = 25♂/26♀) due to the occurrence of a large autosomal pair (L1) with submetacentric morphology.^[4] There is some support for 'Mesa's hypothesis' of an ancestral pericentric inversion in the ancestor of Ommexechinae to explain this karyotype variation.^[5]^[6]^[4]^[7]

References

^ MacLeay WS (1821) Horae Entomologicae or Essays on the Annulose Animals (from www.biodiversitylibrary.org originally as "Acridina").
^ ^a ^b Cigliano, M. M.; Braun, H.; Eades, D. C.; Otte, D. "superfamily Acridoidea MacLeay, 1821". orthoptera.speciesfile.org. Orthoptera Species File. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
^ G. M. Hewitt (1979). "Insecta 1: Orthoptera. Grasshoppers and crickets". In B. John; H. Bauer; H. Kayano; A. Levan; M. White (eds.). Animal cytogenetics 3. Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d A. Mesa; A. Ferreira; C. S. Carbonell (1982). "Cariología de los acridoideos neotropicales: estado actual de su conocimiento y nuevas contribuciones". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 18: 507–526.
^ A. Mesa (1963). "Acerca de la cariología de Ommexechidae (Orthoptera-Acridoidea)". Revista de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Entomología. 5: 37–43.
^ A. Mesa; A. Ferreira (1977). "Cytological studies in family Ommexechidae (Orthoptera-Acridoidea)". Acrida. 6: 261–271.
^ Santander, Mylena D.; Cabral-de-Mello, Diogo C.; Taffarel, Alberto; Martí, Emiliano; Martí, Dardo A.; Palacios-Gimenez, Octavio M.; Castillo, Elio Rodrigo D. (2021). "New insights into the six decades of Mesa's hypothesis of chromosomal evolution in Ommexechinae grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acridoidea)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 193 (4): 1141–1155. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa188.