The 378th Air Expeditionary Wing is a provisional United States Air Forces Central Command unit. As a provisional unit, it may be activated or inactivated by Central Command when needed. It has been garrisoned at Prince Sultan Air Base, Saudi Arabia since 2019.
The unit was first activated as the 378th Bombardment Group. It was assigned to the Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command at Langley Field, Virginia, where it was stationed from October to December 1942. The group participated in the antisubmarine campaign along the Atlantic coast of the United States until it was inactivated, when the Antisubmarine Command assigned its squadrons directly to the command's two antisubmarine wings.
Mission
The mission of 378th Air Expeditionary Wing is to sustain and defend joint and partner forces at Prince Sultan Air Base while projecting combat airpower in support of theater plans and operations.[1]
The group conducted its operations along the southeastern coast of the United States. Only the 523d Squadron was located with the group's headquarters at Langley. The 520th Squadron operated from Jacksonville Municipal Airport, Florida, while the 521st was stationed at Charleston Army Air Field, South Carolina.[2][3][4]
In late November, Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command began a series of organizational actions to more nearly align it with United States Navy headquarters engaged in the antisubmarine campaign.[6] On 20 November, the 522d Bombardment Squadron at Lantana Airport, Florida was assigned to the group,[7] At the same time, the group's 520th Squadron was attached directly to the new 25th Antisubmarine Wing, which had been established to manage Army Air Forces antisubmarine units in the area of the Navy's Eastern Sea Frontier.[6] The group's squadrons were redesignated as antisubmarine squadrons.[2][3][4][7] Finally, in December, after less than two months of operation, the group was inactivated and its component squadrons were reassigned to the 25th Antisubmarine Wing.[5][8]
Twenty-first century
The unit was converted to provisional status as the 378th Air Expeditionary Group 24 October 2005. It was activated in August 2019, then redesignated the 378th Air Expeditionary Wing on 14 November 2019.[1]
In June 2019, members of the 621st Contingency Response Group, "Devil Raiders", deployed to Saudi Arabia to reopen Prince Sultan Air Base, servicing fighter aircraft operating from the base from 24 June. On 31 July the 621st contingent began downsizing, as the 378th Group was activated on 2 August to manage the base. Although the 621st's mission ended on 13 September, some members remained to assist the 378th until it expanded to become the 378th Air Expeditionary Wing.[9]
In addition to hosting the 494th EFS and 555th EFS for traditional CENTCOM deployments, the 378th AEW has also conducted "Agile Combat Employment" exercises with Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II, Northrop Grumman E-8C JSTARS and Boeing E-3 Sentry. The intent of these exercises (which are considerably shorter than a normal deployment) was to demonstrate the Wing's ability to rapidy increase its number and variety of combat aircraft in the event tensions in the region were to escalate.[14][15][16]
The wing has supported deployments where numerous operational units have acted as the major force provider of expeditionary units. These have included:
Harriers assigned to VMA-214 ended their deployment to Prince Sultan on 21 July 2020, while the F-15C's of the 44th EFS returned to Kadena Air Base by 7 October 2020.[24][25] F-16C's from the 20th Fighter Wing, 77 EFS arrived on 10 October 2020 to replace the departed AV-8B's and F-15C's.[26]
Lineage
Constituted as the 378th Bombardment Group (Medium) on 13 October 1942