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2010 Dutch general election
	All 150 seats in the House of Representatives; 76 seats needed for a majority
Turnout	75.40% ( 4.95pp)
	Most voted-for party by municipality
Fourth Balkenende cabinet; CDA–PvdA–CU	First Rutte cabinet; VVD–CDA

General elections were held in the Netherlands on Wednesday 9 June 2010. This was triggered by the fall of Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende's fourth cabinet on 20 February with Queen Beatrix accepting the resignation of the Labour Party (PvdA) ministers on 23 February.^[1] The conservative-liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), led by Mark Rutte, won the largest number of seats in the House of Representatives while the social-democratic PvdA, led by Job Cohen, came a narrow second. The election was also noted for the rise of the Party for Freedom (PVV), which came third, led by controversial politician Geert Wilders. On the other hand, Balkenende's Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) saw a poor result, losing half its seats (along with popular support) and dropping from first to fourth place. The Socialist Party (SP) also lost seats. Notably, the 31 seats won by the VVD was its most since 1998, and the one-seat margin between the VVD and PvdA is the closest on record.^[2]

After the election, the formation of a new government took 127 days. Both the VVD and the PvdA hoped to have a leading role. VVD talks with the PvdA and other left-wing parties (trying to form a so-called Purple Coalition without Christian parties) broke down; however, Rutte was able to form a right-wing coalition of the VVD and CDA, with the PVV formally making an agreement (gedoogakkoord) to support the government but without holding any cabinet seats. It was the first coalition government not to be led by a Christian democratic or socialist party in 92 years, as well as the first to be led by the VVD. Rutte was sworn in as Prime Minister on 14 October, becoming the first liberal to hold that post since 1918.

The 150 seats of the House of Representatives (Tweede Kamer der Staten-Generaal) were contested, and filled using party-list proportional representation for a nominal four-year term.

Background

The election follows the PvdA's withdrawal in February from the coalition over the contribution of Dutch soldiers to the War in Afghanistan.^[3] According to the Dutch constitution new elections had to be held within 83 days.

Debates

The first radio debate was held on 21 May 2010. The first television debate, held on 23 May was, according to instant polls, won by Mark Rutte on 36%, with Job Cohen second on 24%, and Geert Wilders and Jan Peter Balkenende third, on 18%.^[4]

Opinion polls

Party	2006		Politieke Barometer^[5]		Peil.nl^[6]		TNS-NIPO^[7]
Party	%	Seats (150)	8-6-2010	Exit polls (21.00 hrs)	7-6-2010	Exit polls	31-5-2010	Exit polls
CDA	26.5	41	24	21	25	24	21	21
PvdA	21.2	33	30	31	30	30	31	29
SP	16.6	25	14	15	12	13	13	15
VVD	14.7	22	33	31	36	34	37	36
PVV	5.9	9	17	23	18	18	17	18
GL	4.6	7	11	11	10	11	8	10
CU	4.0	6	6	5	6	6	9	6
D66	2.0	3	10	10	10	11	10	11
PvdD	1.8	2	2	1	1	1	1	1
SGP	1.6	2	3	2	2	2	3	2
ToN/Trots*	–	–	0	0	0	0	0	1
Others	1.2	0	0	0	0	0	–	–
* Trots op Nederland is the party formed by Rita Verdonk after she split from the VVD in 2007 and became an independent representative.

Polls indicated that the elections were too close to call.^[8]

Results

Turnout was reported to be over 5% lower than the previous elections^[9] allegedly due to heavy rain and stormy weather.^[10]



Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy	1,929,575	20.49	31	+9
	Labour Party	1,848,805	19.63	30	−3
	Party for Freedom	1,454,493	15.45	24	+15
	Christian Democratic Appeal	1,281,886	13.61	21	−20
	Socialist Party	924,696	9.82	15	−10
	Democrats 66	654,167	6.95	10	+7
	GroenLinks	628,096	6.67	10	+3
	Christian Union	305,094	3.24	5	−1
	Reformed Political Party	163,581	1.74	2	0
	Party for the Animals	122,317	1.30	2	0
	Trots op Nederland	52,937	0.56	0	New
	Party for Human and Spirit	26,196	0.28	0	New
	Pirate Party	10,471	0.11	0	New
	List 17 / Feijen List	7,456	0.08	0	New
	Partij één	2,042	0.02	0	New
	New Netherlands	2,010	0.02	0	New
	Heel NL	1,255	0.01	0	New
	Evangelical Party Netherlands	924	0.01	0	New
Total		9,416,001	100.00	150	0

Valid votes		9,416,001	99.71
Invalid/blank votes		26,976	0.29
Total votes		9,442,977	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		12,524,152	75.40
Source: Kiesraad^[11]

By province

Results by province^[12]
Province	VVD	PvdA	PVV	CDA	SP	D66	GL	CU	SGP	PvdD	Others
Province											Others
Drenthe	19.2	26.2	13.0	13.8	9.8	5.2	5.9	4.3	0.5	1.1	1.0
Flevoland	24.5	19.0	16.2	10.6	8.6	5.5	5.6	4.9	2.5	1.4	1.2
Friesland	15.5	24.8	11.4	18.2	11.5	4.7	6.2	5.1	0.6	1.1	0.9
Gelderland	19.4	18.7	13.5	15.7	9.7	6.6	6.6	4.2	3.4	1.1	1.1
Groningen	14.5	27.6	11.4	11.1	11.7	6.5	8.3	6.1	0.5	1.5	0.8
Limburg	15.5	15.6	26.8	16.0	12.9	4.7	5.3	0.6	0.1	1.3	1.2
North Brabant	21.0	16.1	17.4	16.2	13.4	6.5	5.5	1.0	0.4	1.1	1.4
North Holland	23.5	23.6	13.5	9.0	8.4	8.9	8.6	1.5	0.2	1.6	1.2
Overijssel	16.9	19.1	12.6	20.4	9.3	5.9	5.4	6.2	2.5	0.9	0.8
South Holland	22.4	18.6	16.9	11.2	8.2	7.4	6.4	3.6	2.7	1.5	1.1
Utrecht	23.2	18.1	12.5	12.0	7.1	9.2	8.9	4.6	2.2	1.2	1.0
Zeeland	17.5	17.4	15.0	16.3	9.2	4.3	4.8	4.3	8.6	1.4	1.2

Reactions

Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende stepped down from his position in the CDA and resigned his parliamentary seat on the evening of the election, saying he was taking "political responsibility" for the unsatisfactory election results of his party and that "The voter has spoken, the outcome is clear."^[13]

Government formation

Expectations were that the formation of a new government would take some time.^[14] The international media also read this as a slim victory for the "austerity-minded" Liberals amidst the 2010 European sovereign debt crisis.^[15]

On 14 October, Mark Rutte was sworn in as prime minister.^[16] Rutte's government resigned on 24 April 2012 over austerity measures.

Analysis

Some international media speculated that "for the first time in this nation's history, a Jewish man, albeit a secular one, is on the verge of becoming the next prime minister ... Job Cohen, who was until recently the Mayor of Amsterdam, and represents the top of the ticket for the PvdA ... is at the end of a long battle to run the country that began in February when the PvdA backed out of the ruling coalition government because it did not want to send Dutch troops back to Afghanistan."^[3]

References

^ "Ontslag en benoeming bewindspersonen" (in Dutch). Rijksvoorlichtingsdienst. 2009-02-23. Retrieved 2009-02-23.
^ "Election 2010 – The Netherlands shifts to the right". nrc.nl. 10 June 2010. Archived from the original on 2010-06-13. Retrieved 10 June 2010.
^ ^a ^b "The Netherlands decides its fate - Focus". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 2010-06-11.
^ "Peiling: Rutte wint debat". 23 May 2010. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ "Politieke Barometer Week 23 – 08 juni 2010". Politiekebarometer.nl. Retrieved 2010-06-11.
^ "VVD nog 4 zetels voor op PvdA, incl. prognose voor TK2010 (laatste peiling)". Peil.nl. No Ties bv. 2010-06-08. Archived from the original on 2010-06-17. Retrieved 2010-06-09.
^ "Slotpeiling: VVD behoudt voorsprong op PvdA". TNS NIPO. 2010-05-12. Retrieved 2010-06-09. ^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ "Radio Netherlands Worldwide (2010-06-09): Dutch election too close to call". Rnw.nl. 2010-06-04. Archived from the original on 2010-06-12. Retrieved 2010-06-11.
^ "Tweede Kamer Verkiezingen 2010". Telegraaf.
^ Verkiezingen nog nooit zo spannend, Radio Netherlands Worldwide, 9 June 2010
^ "Tweede Kamer 9 juni 2010". Kiesraad.
^ "Tweede Kamer 9 juni 2010". Kiesraad (in Dutch). Retrieved 4 November 2021.
^ "Dutch PM quits CDA party leadership - Europe". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 2010-06-11.
^ "Dutch Face Months of Coalition Talks; Wilders Third (Update2)". Bloomberg.com. 2005-05-30. Retrieved 2010-06-11.
^ "Dutch election gives austerity-minded Liberals slim win". Dw-world.de. Retrieved 2010-06-11.
^ "Dutch government - who's who | Radio Netherlands Worldwide". Archived from the original on 2010-10-19. Retrieved 2010-10-16.

External links

NSD: European Election Database - Netherlands Archived 2010-11-30 at the Wayback Machine publishes regional level election data; allows for comparisons of election results, 1994–2010