1907 college football season

The 1907 college football season saw the increased use of the forward pass, which had been legalized the year before. Football remained a dangerous game, despite the "debrutalization" reforms, and an unprecedented eleven players were killed (9 high school and 2 college), while 98 others were seriously injured.[1] However, there were no serious injuries reported among the major colleges.[1] The Yale Bulldogs, unbeaten with a record of 9–0–1, had the best record. The Helms Athletic Foundation, founded in 1936, declared retroactively that Yale had been the best college football team of 1907.[2] Yale and Penn both claim 1907 as a national championship season. Although Yale was named as champion by 6 different entities, Penn was not named champion by any. Penn's claim to the championship is only by the university itself.

Rules

The rules for American football in 1907 were significantly different from those a century later, as many of the present rules (100 yard field, four downs to gain ten yards, 6-point touchdown, and 3-point field goal) were adopted in 1912.[3] The rules in 1907 were:

  • Field 110 yards in length
  • Kickoff made from midfield
  • Three downs to gain ten yards
  • Touchdown worth 5 points
  • Field goal worth 4 points
  • Forward pass legal, but subject to penalties:

More passes were thrown than in 1906, when the new play was still experimental. However, because of problems with the rules at that time, which penalized the offense for an incomplete pass, there were predictions that the forward pass would be scrapped.[4] Attempting a pass in 1907 was still a risky business, because an incomplete attempt would result in stiff penalties—15 yards back from the spot from which the pass was thrown on first or second down. If the defense committed a foul, the 15 yard penalty didn't apply to the offense, but the defending team was not penalized either.[4] In addition, a pass could not be caught in the end zone, nor more than 20 yards beyond the line of scrimmage.[3]

Conference and program changes

  • The Big Nine Conference, still officially known as the Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives, voted Michigan out of the conference for failing to adhere to league rules.
  • Iowa became a joint member of the Big 9 and the Missouri Valley conferences.
School 1906 Conference 1907 Conference
University of Iowa Hawkeyes Western MVIAA & Western
University of Kansas Jayhawks Independent MVIAA
University of Michigan Wolverines Big Nine (Western) Independent
University of Missouri Tigers Independent MVIAA
University of Nebraska Cornhuskers Independent MVIAA
Washington University in St. Louis Bears Independent MVIAA

September

The Princeton Tigers and Yale Bulldogs had both been unbeaten in 1906, and played to a 0–0 tie at season's end, giving both teams a 9–0–1 record. Among other schools that would later be described as the Ivy League, the Harvard Crimson and Pennsylvania (Penn) Quakers were expected to do well. Elsewhere in the East, the United States Naval Academy Midshipmen(referred to in the press as Annapolis) and the Carlisle Indian School (coached by Glenn Scobey "Pop" Warner and with Jim Thorpe as its star back) were expected to do well. In the South, the Vanderbilt Commodores and the Sewanee Tigers of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) were considered contenders, along with Georgia Tech (coached by John Heisman). The University of Chicago Maroons, members of the Western Conference (later the Big Ten), and coached by Amos Alonzo Stagg), and the (then) independent Michigan Wolverines, coached by Fielding "Hurry Up" Yost, were considered to be among the stronger teams in the Midwest.[5]

Carlisle opened its season early with a 40–0 win over Lebanon Valley on September 21, and Brown beat New Hampshire, 16–0. Colgate, which would later be a contender, lost to Niagara, 11–6, and Bucknell beat Mansfield, 15–2.

On September 28, Pennsylvania beat North Carolina in a driving rain at Philadelphia, 27–0.[6] Carlisle defeated Villanova 10–0. Princeton crushed Stevens Tech 47–0, while Harvard was held to a touchdown (then worth five points) in a 5–0 win over Bowdoin. Brown beat Massachusetts 5–0, and Fordham and Rutgers played to a 5–5 tie.

October

Yale opened its season on Wednesday afternoon, October 2, with a 25–0 win over Wesleyan. The same day, Harvard beat Maine, 30–0, Navy tuned up with a 26–0 win over St. John's College of Maryland, Pennsylvania beat Villanova 16–0 and Carlisle rolled over Susquehanna, 91–0. Three days later, on Saturday October 5, the schools played again, with Yale beating Syracuse 11–0, Harvard over Bates 33–4, Navy handing a 15–0 loss on Dickinson, Pennsylvania beating Bucknell 29–2, and Carlisle beating Penn State 18–5 in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. At West Point, the United States Military Academy (Army) opened its season with a 23–0 win over Franklin & Marshall. Brown won over Norwich 24–0.

After an 18–0 win over Springfield on Wednesday, October 9, Yale won its fourth game in 12 days on October 12, crushing Holy Cross 52–0 to stay unbeaten and unscored upon. Playing the same Wednesday and Saturday schedule, Pennsylvania had beaten Franklin & Marshall 57–0 and Swarthmore 16–8, to go 5–0–0. With a 40–0 win over Maine, Brown University remained unscored upon as well. In Buffalo, New York, Carlisle beat Syracuse 14–6 to stay unbeaten. Cornell beat Colgate 18–0 and Princeton beat Villanova, 45–5. Vanderbilt and Navy played to a 6–6 tie.

October 19, Pennsylvania increased its record to 7–0–0 with an 11–0 win over Brown. In the four weeks since its September 28 opener, Penn had played four Saturdays and three Wednesdays. Carlisle beat Bucknell 15–0 and Harvard beat Navy at Annapolis, 6–0, as both stayed unbeaten. Yale remained unscored upon, but not untied, as it played Army to a 0–0 tie at West Point to "fall" to 4–0–1. Elsewhere, Michigan stayed unscored upon with a 22–0 win in Indianapolis over Wabash. In the South, Sewanee beat Auburn 12–6 in Birmingham, then beat Alabama two days later, 54–4, in Tuscaloosa.

October 26 in Philadelphia, the Carlisle Indians (6–0–0) and the Pennsylvania Quakers (7–0–0) met in a battle of the unbeatens. Carlisle won 26–6 before a crowd of 20,000.[7] Yale registered its sixth shutout with a 45–0 win over Villanova. Harvard stayed unbeaten, but was surprised by a touchdown from the visitors in its 9–5 win over Springfield. Sewanee played Mississippi in Memphis, winning 65–0, to stay unbeaten in the south. Michigan remained unscored upon in the midwest with a 22–0 win at home over Ohio State. Princeton suffered its first defeat, a 6–5 loss at Cornell.

November

In a highly anticipated game, the Carlisle Indians (7–0–0) met the Princeton Tigers (5–1–0) at the Polo Grounds in New York City on November 2 before a crowd of thousands.[8] In an upset, Princeton scored three touchdowns and a point after in a pouring rain, to win 16–0. Yale recorded another shutout, beating Washington & Jefferson 11–0 to increase its record to 6–0–1, while Harvard got past Brown, 6–5, to stay unbeaten at 7–0–0. Army and Michigan stayed unscored upon; Army beat Colgate 6–0, to improve its record to 4–0–1, while the Wolverines travelled south to Nashville to face Vanderbilt, winning 8–0. Sewanee defeated the University of Virginia in Norfolk, 12–0, and Pennsylvania hosted Lafayette in Philadelphia, winning 15–0 and extending its record to 8–1–0.

On November 9, the Harvard Crimson (7–0–0) hosted the Carlisle Indians (7–1–0) before a record crowd of 20,000. After holding a 12–9 lead at halftime, Carlisle broke the game open when its quarterback, Frank Mount Pleasant, ran 85 yards for a touchdown in the second half as Carlisle won, 23–15.[9] Navy suffered its second loss, an 18–0 drubbing by Swarthmore, and Army had its first defeat, falling 14–10 to Cornell. Yale recorded its 8th straight shutout, a 22–0 win over Brown, as Ted Jones returned a punt 90 yards for the first of three touchdowns in the second half.[10] Sewanee beat Georgia Tech in Atlanta, 18–0, then defeated Georgia in Athens two days later, 16–0, to extend its record to 8–0–0. Pennsylvania hosted Penn State and won 28–0 to reach the 9–1–0 mark, while Princeton beat Amherst, 14–0.

November 16 Yale (7–0–1) hosted Princeton (7–1–0) as a crowd of 35,000 watched in New Haven. The Bulldogs appeared to be headed toward their first defeat. Yale yielded its first points of the season after the Tigers blocked a punt and Princeton's Booth returned the ball for a touchdown. A field goal—at that time, worth four points—put Princeton up 10–0 at the half. In the second half, Ted Coy scored two touchdowns for Yale for a 12–10 win.[11] In the day's other big game, Pennsylvania (9–1–0) traveled to Ann Arbor, Michigan, to face the unbeaten (5–0–0), and unscored upon, Michigan Wolverines, before a crowd of 18,000 at Ferry Field. Both teams had touchdowns called back by penalties, but Penn scored on an onside kick to hand Michigan its first ever home defeat, 6–0.[12]

Harvard lost its second straight game, falling to Dartmouth, 22–0. In another "intersectional" game, Carlisle improved its record to 9–1–0 with a 12–10 win at Minnesota. Navy trailed Penn State at home, 4–0, until a State player fumbled a punt and the Midshipmen recovered for a touchdown to win 6–4. At West Point, Army defeated visiting Tufts, 21–0. In the South, Texas A&M — which had tied Texas, and beaten LSU and Oklahoma — improved its record to 6–0–1 with an 18–6 win over Tulane in New Orleans. One year after University Trustees banned football, The University of South Carolina team ended with an undefeated record of 3–0–0.[13]

November 23 marked the close of the season, as unbeaten Yale (8–0–1) traveled to Cambridge to play its annual game against Harvard. Although stung by two consecutive losses, Harvard (7–2–0) had been unbeaten and untied three weeks earlier. Harvard missed two field goal attempts in the first half after failing to get by Yale's goal line defense, while Yale's Ted Coy scored late in the first half to give the Bulldogs a 6–0 lead. Coy scored again in the second half, and Yale won 12–0 and completed its season unbeaten at 9–0–1.[14] Sewanee, which took a record of 8–0–0 into its final game (against 4–1–1 Vanderbilt), lost in Nashville, 17–12. The other unbeaten team, Texas A & M (6–0–1), was scheduled to play a Thanksgiving Day game at the University of Texas (5–1–1). Carlisle closed its season at the University of Chicago, which had won the title of the Western Conference (later the Big Ten, with a 4–0–0 record. Playing before a crowd of 27,000 the Indians beat the Maroons 18–4.[15]

The catch by Vanderbilt center Stein Stone, on a double pass play then thrown near the end zone by Bob Blake to set up the Honus Craig touchdown that beat Sewanee at the very end, for the SIAA championship was cited by Grantland Rice as the greatest thrill he ever witnessed in his years of watching sports.[16] McGugin in Spalding's Football Guide's summation of the season in the SIAA wrote "The standing. First, Vanderbilt; second, Sewanee, a might good second;" and that Aubrey Lanier "came near winning the Vanderbilt game by his brilliant dashes after receiving punts."[17]

Thanksgiving Day, November 28, saw St. Louis University stun the University of Nebraska 34–0 before 20,000 at Sportsman's Park.[18]

Conference standings

Conference standings

1907 Colorado Football Association standings
Conf Overall
Team W   L   T W   L   T
Colorado Mines $ 4 0 0 5 1 0
Colorado College 3 1 0 5 2 0
Colorado 2 2 0 5 3 0
Denver 1 3 0 2 6 0
Colorado Agricultural 0 4 0 0 4 0
  • $ – Conference champion
1907 Ohio Athletic Conference football standings
Conf Overall
Team W   L   T W   L   T
Western Reserve $ 5 1 0 8 1 0
Ohio State 5 1 1 7 2 1
Oberlin 3 1 0 6 2 0
Case 5 2 0 6 3 0
Kenyon 3 4 0 4 4 0
Ohio Wesleyan 2 3 0 7 3 0
Wooster 1 4 1 2 4 1
Denison 1 5 0 3 5 0
Heidelberg 0 4 0 2 4 0
  • $ – Conference champion
1907 Missouri Valley Conference football standings
Conf Overall
Team W   L   T W   L   T
Iowa + 1 0 0 3 2 0
Nebraska + 1 0 0 8 2 0
Kansas 1 1 0 5 3 0
Missouri 1 2 0 7 2 0
Washington University 0 1 0 1 5 1
  • + – Conference co-champions
1907 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football standings
Conf Overall
Team W   L   T W   L   T
Vanderbilt $ 3 0 0 5 1 1
Sewanee 6 1 0 8 1 0
LSU 3 1 0 7 3 0
Alabama 3 1 2 5 1 2
Tennessee 3 2 0 7 2 1
Auburn 3 2 1 6 2 1
Georgia 3 3 1 4 3 1
Mississippi A&M 3 3 0 6 3 0
Georgia Tech 2 4 0 4 4 0
Clemson 1 3 0 4 4 0
Mercer 0 3 0 3 3 0
Howard (AL) 0 5 0 2 5 0
Ole Miss 0 5 0 0 6 0
Nashville        
  • $ – Conference champion
1907 Western Conference football standings
Conf Overall
Team W   L   T W   L   T
Chicago $ 4 0 0 4 1 0
Wisconsin 3 1 1 3 1 1
Illinois 3 2 0 3 2 0
Iowa 1 1 0 3 2 0
Minnesota 0 1 1 2 2 1
Indiana 0 3 0 2 3 1
Purdue 0 3 0 0 5 0
  • $ – Conference champion

Independents

1907 Eastern college football independents records
Conf Overall
Team W   L   T W   L   T
Yale     9 0 1
Dartmouth     8 0 1
Penn     11 1 0
Carlisle     10 1 0
Temple     4 0 2
Fordham     6 1 1
Cornell     8 2 0
Western U. of Penn.     8 2 0
Princeton     7 2 0
Washington & Jefferson     7 2 0
Lafayette     7 2 1
Lehigh     7 2 1
Swarthmore     6 2 0
Army     6 2 1
NYU     5 2 0
Vermont     4 1 2
Harvard     7 3 0
Brown     7 3 0
Penn State     6 4 0
Syracuse     5 3 1
Drexel     3 2 2
Colgate     4 4 1
Geneva     4 5 2
Amherst     3 4 1
Tufts     3 4 1
Frankin & Marshall     4 6 0
Rutgers     3 5 1
Springfield Training School     2 4 2
Bucknell     4 7 0
New Hampshire     1 5 2
Villanova     1 5 1
Holy Cross     1 7 2
Wesleyan     1 7 1
Carnegie Tech     1 8 0
1907 Midwestern college football independents records
Conf Overall
Team W   L   T W   L   T
Marquette     6 0 0
North Dakota Agricultural     3 0 0
Notre Dame     6 0 1
Miami (OH)     6 1 0
Michigan     5 1 0
Mount Union     9 2 0
Fairmount     8 2 0
Iowa State     6 2 0
Lake Forest     4 1 1
South Dakota State     5 2 0
St. Vincent's (IL)     5 2 0
Wabash     5 2 0
Saint Louis     7 3 0
Michigan Agricultural     4 2 1
Western State Normal     4 2 1
Kansas State     5 3 0
Michigan State Normal     3 2 0
Wittenberg     5 4 0
Central Michigan     3 3 0
Drake     3 4 1
Ohio     3 4 1
Western Illinois     2 3 0
Franklin     3 5 1
Heidelberg     2 4 1
Butler     1 3 2
Carthage     2 5 0
Haskell     2 6 1
Chicago P&S     1 3 0
Detroit College     1 3 0
Northern Illinois State     1 4 1
Doane     1 5 0
St. Mary's (OH)     0 4 0
Baldwin–Wallace     0 6 0
1907 Southern college football independents records
Conf Overall
Team W   L   T W   L   T
South Carolina     3 0 0
Stetson     2 0 0
Southwestern Louisiana Industrial     1 0 0
Mississippi College     1 0 0
North Carolina A&M     6 0 1
Louisiana Industrial     9 1 0
Kentucky State     9 1 1
Texas     6 1 1
Texas A&M     6 1 1
Davidson     4 1 1
Florida     4 1 1
Navy     9 2 1
VPI     7 2 0
Virginia     6 3 1
TCU     4 2 2
West Virginia     6 4 0
VMI     5 3 0
Tulane     3 2 0
Oklahoma     4 4 0
North Carolina     4 4 1
Baylor     4 3 1
Arkansas     4 4 1
Maryland     3 5 0
George Washington     2 4 1
The Citadel     2 4 1
Georgetown     2 4 1
Oklahoma A&M     1 5 2
Chattanooga     0 5 1
Delaware     0 5 1
Catholic University     0 1 0
Louisiana Normal     0 1 0
South Carolina State     0 1 0
Spring Hill     0 1 0
1907 Western college football independents records
Conf Overall
Team W   L   T W   L   T
Oregon Agricultural     6 0 0
New Mexico A&M     3 0 0
New Mexico     1 0 0
Washington State     7 1 0
Colorado Mines     5 1 0
Oregon     5 1 0
USC     5 1 0
Utah Agricultural     5 1 0
Montana     4 1 1
Utah     4 2 0
Wyoming     2 1 0
Gonzaga     0 0 1
Washington     4 4 2

Minor conferences

Conference Champion(s) Record
Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference Washburn 5–1
Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association Olivet 5–1

Awards and honors

All-Americans

The consensus All-America team included:

Position Name Height Weight (lbs.) Class Hometown Team
QB Tad Jones Yale
HB Jack Wendell Harvard
HB Edwin Harlan Sr. Bel Air, Maryland Princeton
FB Ted Coy 6'0" 195 So. Andover, Massachusetts Yale
FB Jim McCormick Sr. Boston, Massachusetts Princeton
FB Peter Hauser Sr. Fort Reno, Oklahoma Carlisle
E Bill Dague Sr. Benton, Indiana Navy
E Albert Exendine Sr. Carlisle
T Hamilton Fish 6'4" 200 Jr. Southboro, Massachusetts Harvard
T Dexter Draper Sr. Penn
G Gus Ziegler Sr. Penn
C Germany Schulz 6'2" 215 Sr. Fort Wayne, Indiana Michigan
C Patrick Grant Boston, Massachusetts Harvard
G William Erwin Army
T Lucius Horatio Biglow Sr. Morristown, New Jersey Yale
E Clarence Alcott Sr. Yale
E Caspar Wister Princeton

References

  1. ^ a b "Football's Death Record For 1907". The New York Times. November 24, 1907. p. 16. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  2. ^ The 2001 ESPN Information Please Sports Almanac (Hyperion ESPN Books, 2000), p153
  3. ^ a b Danzig, Allison (1956). The History of American Football: Its Great Teams, Players, and Coaches. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. pp. 70–71.
  4. ^ a b "The Forward Pass Doomed, Says Expert". The New York Times. November 10, 1907. p. C7. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  5. ^ "1907 Prospects of Big Elevens". San Antonio Light. September 22, 1907. p. 5.
  6. ^ "Pennsy Defeats North Carolina". The New York Times. September 29, 1907. p. S2. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  7. ^ "Indians Humble Pennsy's Eleven". The New York Times. October 27, 1907. p. S5. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  8. ^ "Tigers Humble Indians and Win By 16 to 0". The New York Times. November 3, 1907. p. C5. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  9. ^ "Speedy Indians Crush Harvard". The New York Times. November 10, 1907. p. C5. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  10. ^ "Brown Blows Up; Yale Wins Easily". The New York Times. November 10, 1907. p. C5. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  11. ^ "Yale Wins Remarkable Game". The New York Times. November 17, 1907. p. C5. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  12. ^ "Penn Victorious Over Michigan". The New York Times. November 17, 1907. p. C5. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  13. ^ "Carolina Football Year-by-Year Records" (PDF). 2011. p. 124. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 9, 2016.
  14. ^ "Yale Vanquishes Harvard, 12 to 0". The New York Times. November 24, 1907. p. C5. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  15. ^ "Indians' Fast Play Routs Chicagos". The New York Times. November 24, 1907. p. C5. Retrieved February 15, 2008.
  16. ^ "Grantland Rice Tells Of Greatest Thrill In Years Of Watching Sport". Boston Daily Globe. April 27, 1924. ProQuest 497709192.
  17. ^ Dan McGugin (1907). "Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association Foot Ball". The Official National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Guide. National Collegiate Athletic Association: 71–75.
  18. ^ "118 Years of Cornhusker Football" (PDF). University of Nebraska Athletics Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 10, 2009. Retrieved November 14, 2009.

Read other articles:

Gesang MartohartonoSebuah prangko Gesang Martohartono tahun 2020Lahir(1917-10-01)1 Oktober 1917Surakarta, Kasunanan Surakarta, Hindia BelandaMeninggal20 Mei 2010(2010-05-20) (umur 92)Surakarta, IndonesiaPekerjaanPenyanyi-penulis laguKarier musikGenreKeronconglanggam JawaInstrumenVokal Gesang Martohartono (1 Oktober 1917 – 20 Mei 2010) adalah seorang penyanyi dan pencipta lagu asal Indonesia. Dikenal sebagai maestro keroncong Indonesia, ia terkenal lewat lagu Bengawan Solo...

 

2008 video gameBuzz!: The Pop QuizThe cover of Buzz!: The Pop QuizDeveloper(s)Relentless SoftwarePublisher(s)Sony Computer Entertainment EuropePlatform(s)PlayStation 2ReleaseEU: 14 March 2008AU: 15 May 2008Genre(s)PartyMode(s)Single player, Multiplayer Buzz!: The Pop Quiz developed by Relentless Software and Sleepydog, is the sixth game in the Buzz! series of quiz games for the PlayStation 2 console. The game features music from the 1990s to the present day. To coincide with the release of Po...

 

Este artigo cita fontes, mas que não cobrem todo o conteúdo. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW  • CAPES  • Google (N • L • A) (Agosto de 2023) Abadia de LacockApresentaçãoTipo abadiamuseuParte de National TrustFundação século XIIIEstilo neogóticoDemolição 1539Religião catolicismoOrdem religiosa Ordem de Santo AgostinhoEstatuto patrimonial Edifício listado...

Pour l’article homonyme, voir Léobard (homonymie). Léobard L'église de l'Abbaye Nouvelle Administration Pays France Région Occitanie Département Lot Arrondissement Gourdon Intercommunalité Communauté de communes Cazals-Salviac Maire Mandat André Vayssières 2020-2026 Code postal 46300 Code commune 46169 Démographie Populationmunicipale 203 hab. (2020 ) Densité 20 hab./km2 Géographie Coordonnées 44° 43′ 23″ nord, 1° 18′ 39″ est Al...

 

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (يونيو 2019) ليونارد كاتلر معلومات شخصية تاريخ الميلاد سنة 1928  تاريخ الوفاة سنة 2006 (77–78 سنة)  مواطنة الولايات المتحدة  الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة ستانفو...

 

American politician (1947–2021) Todd AkinMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Missouri's 2nd districtIn officeJanuary 3, 2001 – January 3, 2013Preceded byJim TalentSucceeded byAnn WagnerMember of the Missouri House of RepresentativesIn officeJanuary 3, 1989 – January 3, 2001Preceded byFranc FlotronSucceeded byJane CunninghamConstituency85th district (1989–1993)86th district (1993–2001) Personal detailsBornWilliam Todd Akin(1947-07-05)July 5, ...

Beispiel für ein klassisches Coupé de Ville: Bugatti Type 41 „Royale“ Coupé Napoléon; Entwurf von Jean Bugatti; in der Cité de l’Automobile – Musée National – Collection Schlumpf Dieser Cadillac V16 (Series 90) Town Car von Fleetwood ist deutlich von der entsprechenden Limousine abgeleitet (1940) Coupé de Ville (auch Coupé-Chauffeur, und in den USA Town Car) ist die französische Bezeichnung für ein chauffeur-gelenktes Repräsentationsfahrzeug, bei dem der Fahrer entweder i...

 

Kathedrale St. Etienne, Toul Das Bistum Toul war ein Bistum in Lothringen. Es bestand von der Mitte des 4. Jahrhunderts bis zur Aufhebung 1801. Kathedrale war Saint-Étienne de Toul. Der weltliche Herrschaftsbereich der Bischöfe war das Hochstift Toul. Es gehörte bis in die Frühe Neuzeit zum Heiligen Römischen Reich und fiel danach an Frankreich. Im Jahr 1817 wurde ein neues Bistum Toul errichtet und 1824 mit dem Bistum Nancy vereinigt zum Bistum Nancy-Toul. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Geschicht...

 

This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. Please consider splitting content into sub-articles, condensing it, or adding subheadings. Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page. (March 2018) Snoop Dogg discographySnoop Dogg performing at City Stages in March 2006Studio albums19Compilation albums17Video albums1EPs3Singles175Soundtrack albums4Mixtapes25Promotional singles16Collaborative albums5 The discography of American rapper Snoop Dogg consists of 19 studio alb...

Das römische Bürgerrecht (lateinisch civitas Romana) war in der Antike zunächst das Bürgerrecht der männlichen Einwohner der Stadt Rom. Als diese ihren Herrschaftsbereich immer weiter ausdehnte, wurde das Bürgerrecht im Römischen Reich auch an weitere Personen(-Gruppen) verliehen. Das Bürgerrecht war Voraussetzung für das aktive und passive Wahlrecht der freien Männer in den Volksversammlungen. Das Wahlrecht hatte jeder männliche Römer ab dem 16. Lebensjahr. Davon ausgeschlossen w...

 

Main article: South Ribble Borough Council elections Elections to South Ribble Borough Council were held on 7 May 1987. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative Party retained its majority.[1] The elections were the first to be held under the new boundaries laid out in March 1987.[2] Composition of the Borough Council after the 1987 election Election result South Ribble Local Election Result 1987 Party Seats Gains Losses Net gain/loss Seats % Votes ...

 

German colorless grain spirit For other uses, see Korn (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Korn liquor – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The Nordhäuser Korn distillery in Nordhausen, Germany D...

Sir Archibald Bodkin c.1931 Sir Archibald Henry Bodkin KCB (1 April 1862[1] – 31 December 1957) was an English lawyer and the Director of Public Prosecutions from 1920 to 1930.[2] He particularly took a stand against the publication of what he saw as 'obscene' literature.[3] Early life and education Bodkin was born in St Pancras, Middlesex, into a noted legal family, the son of William Peter Bodkin and Elizabeth Clowser, and grandson of judge and politician Sir Willi...

 

Provincial park in British Columbia, Canada Wakes Cove Provincial ParkIUCN category II (national park)[1]Shoreline at Wakes CoveLocation in British ColumbiaShow map of British ColumbiaLocation in the Cowichan Valley Regional DistrictShow map of Cowichan Valley Regional DistrictLocationValdes Island, British Columbia, CanadaNearest cityNanaimoCoordinates49°7′25″N 123°42′7″W / 49.12361°N 123.70194°W / 49.12361; -123.70194Area205 ha (510 acre...

 

Carniolan writer and diplomat (1486–1566) Sigismund von Herberstein in Russian dress, 1517 Siegmund (Sigismund) Freiherr von Herberstein[1] (or Baron Sigismund von Herberstein; 23 August 1486 – 28 March 1566) was a Carniolan diplomat, writer, historian and member of the Holy Roman Empire Imperial Council. He was most noted for his extensive writing on the geography, history and customs of Russia, and contributed greatly to early Western European knowledge of that area. Early life ...

For other uses, see Concepción (disambiguation) § Geography. Region of BioBio The Bay of Concepción is a natural bay on the coast of the Province of Concepción in the Bío Bío Region of Chile. Within the bay are many of the most important ports of the region and the country, among them Penco, Talcahuano, and Lirquén. Quiriquina Island, located to the north in the mouth of the bay provides a windbreak. The island creates two entrances to the bay: Boca Chica and Boca Grande. Boca Chi...

 

In human–computer interaction and UI design, a first-time user experience (FTUE) refers to the initial stages of using a piece of software. It commonly includes configuration steps, such as signing up for an account. Every user of a service has their own FTUE, even if they have extensive experience with using a similar product. Patience, time investment, and intuitiveness are factors for a user's FTUE. Software services generally have different layouts, styles, graphics, and hotkeys which m...

 

BBC News OnlineBBC News Online pada Desember 2017Jenis situsBeritaBahasa32 bahasa[1]PemilikBBCSitus web BBC News Bbcnewsv2vjtpsuy.onion (Bantuan mengakses tautan) Peringkat AlexaWorldwideKomersialTidak (iklan disertakan ketika diakses di luar BR)Daftar akunDiperlukan untuk beberapa layananDiluncurkan4 November 1997; 26 tahun lalu (1997-11-04)StatusMenyalaBBC News Online adalah sebuah situs web dari BBC News, divisi dari BBC yang bertanggung jawab atas pengumpulan berita dan produ...

American politician Henry Maier42nd Mayor of MilwaukeeIn officeApril 18, 1960 – April 18, 1988Preceded byFrank ZeidlerSucceeded byJohn NorquistPresident of the United States Conference of MayorsIn office1971–1972Preceded byJames TateSucceeded byLouie WelchMember of the Wisconsin Senatefrom the 9th districtIn officeJanuary 1, 1951 – April 1960Preceded byRobert Emmet TehanSucceeded byNorman Sussman Personal detailsBornHenry Walter David Nelke(1918-02-07)February 7, 1...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Summer Love Songs – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 2009 compilation album by The Beach BoysSummer Love SongsCompilation album by The Beach BoysReleasedMay 19, 2009Recorded1963...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!