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Decades:	1780s; 1790s; 1800s; 1810s; 1820s;
See also:	List of years in Scotland; Timeline of Scottish history; 1809 in: The UK • Wales • Elsewhere

Events from the year 1809 in Scotland.

Incumbents

c. April – the General Association of Operative Weavers is formed.^[1]
May – a construction railway at the site of Bell Rock Lighthouse is completed.^[2]
August – Crinan Canal declared "finally complete".^[3]
16 August – Meikle Ferry disaster: An overloaded ferry crossing the Dornoch Firth to Tain market sinks, drowning 99.^[4]
November – Thomas Telford certifies completion of his Dunkeld–Birnam bridge.^[5] His bridges at Ballater and Conon Bridge are also completed this year.
11 November – the North British and Mercantile Insurance company commences business as a fire insurance office in Edinburgh.^[6]
9 December – the Dumfries Courier is established as a weekly newspaper in Annan by Rev. Dr. Henry Duncan as The Dumfries and Galloway Courier.^[7]
Highland Clearances – first commissioner for clearance of the Leveson-Gower family estates in Scotland for sheep farming, William Young, is appointed.
The Tally Toor, a Martello tower, is erected off Leith.^[8]
A bridge over the River Cart is washed away in a flood.^[9]
Blackie and Son, publishers, are established in Glasgow by John Blackie as Blackie, Fullarton and Company.
The Scottish Bible Society is established as the Edinburgh Bible Society, a missionary organization, by Christopher Anderson.
The Caledonian Horticultural Society is established in Edinburgh.
Arthur Edmondston's A View of the Ancient and Present State of the Zetland Islands is published.

16 February – John Laing, bibliographer and Free Church minister (died 1880)
20 April – James David Forbes, physicist, glaciologist and seismologist (died 1868 in Bristol)
7 June – William Forbes Skene, historian (died 1892)
22 August – John Hill Burton, historian (died 1881)
27 August – John West, pioneer of food canning (died 1888 in the United States)
8 September – Robert Reid Kalley, physician and Presbyterian missionary to the lusophone countries (died 1888)
21 October – John Stenhouse, chemist (died 1880 in London)
24 October – John Barr, poet (died 1889 in New Zealand)
29 December – William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born in Liverpool; died 1898 in Wales)
Alexander Allan, locomotive engineer (died 1891 in England)
Archibald Campbell, born Douglas, laird (died 1868)

14 January – Robert Anstruther, British Army general (born 1768; died on active service at Corunna)
16 January – John Moore, British Army general (born 1761; killed in Battle of Corunna)
24 January – James Duff, 2nd Earl Fife (born 1729; died in London)
25 February – John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, colonial governor (born 1730; died in Ramsgate)
10 May – Andrew Bell, engraver, co-founder of the Encyclopædia Britannica (born 1726)
3 August – Andrew Mackay, mathematician (born 1760; died in London)
29 August – Robert Melvill, British Army general and antiquary (born 1723)
8 October – James Elphinston, philologist (born 1721; died in London)
18 December – Alexander Adam, classical scholar (born 1741)
Sir William Douglas, 1st Baronet, landowner and industrialist

^ Timeline of Glasgow history.
^ Taylor, David (April 2007). "Bell Rock Lighthouse". Bellrock.org.uk. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
^ Lindsay, Jean (1968). The Canals of Scotland. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. p. 124. ISBN 0-7153-4240-1.
^ "Disasters". Society. Am Baile. Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
^ "Telford's Bridge". Dunkeld & Birnam Tourist Association. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
^ "North British and Mercantile Insurance Co Ltd". Aviva. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
^ Duncan, George John C. (1848). Memoir of the Rev. Henry Duncan, D.D., Minister of Ruthwell, Founder of Savings Banks, Author of Sacred Philosophy of the Seasons, &c., &c. Edinburgh; London: W. Oliphant Hamilton, Adams. p. 77.
^ "The Martello Tower". History of Leith. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
^ "White Cart Bridge". Secret Scotland. 30 March 2013. Retrieved 15 August 2014.