جر (جراحة العظام)

جر (جراحة العظام)
 
معلومات عامة
من أنواع إجراء طبي  تعديل قيمة خاصية (P279) في ويكي بيانات

الجر (بالإنجليزية: Traction)‏ ـ في جراحة العظام ـ هو طائفة من الآليات التي تستخدم لتقويم العظام المكسورة أو للتخفيف من الضغط على العمود الفقري والجهاز الهيكلي.[1][2][3]

يتناقص حالياً دور الجر في جراحة العظام نظراً لظهور تقنيات حديثة حلت محله في كثير من الحالات، ومن أنواع الجر التي ما تزال مستخدمة إلى اليوم كل من:

  • جر بريانت Bryant's traction
  • جر بَك Buck's traction (في كسور ما حول مفصل الفخذ)
  • جر دنلوب Dunlop's traction (في كسور عظمة العضد في الأطفال)
  • جر رسِل Russell's traction
  • دعامة ميلووكي Milwaukee brace

الجر الهيكلي

رغم تضاؤل دور الجر في جراحة العظام الحديثة، إلا أن الكثير من جراحي العظام ما زالوا يستخدمون تقنية الجر المصحوب بالتدعيم (كما هو الحال في دعامة ميلووكي، التي تستخدم في علاج حالات الجنف عند الأطفال).

استخدامات الجر في جراحة العظام

يستخدم الجر في جراحة العظام بهدف:

  • استعادة طول واستقامة عظمة ما
  • لرد (اختزال) وتثبيت كسور العظام
  • لتخفيف وإزالة التقلصات العضلية
  • لتخفيف الضغط على الأعصاب، وخاصة الأعصاب الشوكية
  • للحد من تفاقم التشوهات الهيكلية والقفاع العضلي muscle contracture

مراجع

  1. ^ Harrison DE، Cailliet R، Betz JW، Harrison DD، Colloca CJ، Haas JW، Janik TJ، Holland B (مارس 2005). "A non-randomized clinical control trial of Harrison mirror image methods for correcting trunk list (lateral translations of the thoracic cage) in patients with chronic low back pain". Eur Spine J. ج. 14 ع. 2: 155–62. DOI:10.1007/s00586-004-0796-z.
  2. ^ Oakley، Paul (2005). "Evidence-based protocol for structural rehabilitation of the spine and posture: review of clinical biomechanics of posture (CBP®) publications". J Can Chiropr Assoc. ج. 49 ع. 4: 270–296. PMC:1840024. PMID:17549209.
  3. ^ Backache from Occiput to Coccyx" نسخة محفوظة 17 أغسطس 2017 على موقع واي باك مشين.

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