جهد مشبكي

يشير الجهد المشبكي إلى فرق الجهد عبر الغشاء بعد المشبكي الناتج عن عمل الناقلات العصبية عند المشبك العصبي.[1]بصيغة أخرى، هو الإشارة «الواردة» التي يستقبلها العصبون. هناك نوعان من الجهود المشبكية: الجهود الإستثارية والتثبيطية. يعتمد نوع الجهد الناتج على كل من المستقبلات البعد مشبكية، وبشكل أكثر تحديدًا التغييرات في موصلية القنوات الأيونية في الغشاء البعد مشبكي، وطبيعة الناقل العصبي المُطلق. تعمل الجهود الاستثارية البعد مشبكية (EPSPs) على إزالة استقطاب الغشاء وتحريك جهد الغشاء أقرب إلى العتبة لتوليد جهود الغعل. في المقابل، تعمل الجهود التثبيطية البعد مشبكية (IPSPs) على زيادة/فرط استقطاب الغشاء وتحريك جهد الغشاء بعيدًا عن العتبة، مما يقلل من احتمالية حدوث جهد الفعل. من المرجح أن يتم تنفيذ الجهود الاستثارية البعد مشبكية (EPSPs) بواسطة الناقلات العصبية الغلوتامات والأسيتيل كولين، بينما من المرجح أن يتم تنفيذ الجهود التثبيطية البعد مشبكية (IPSPs) بواسطة الناقلات العصبية غابا(GABA) والجلايسين.

Graph shows how the IPSP hyperpolarizes the membrane and EPSP depolarizes the membrane. If the two are summed together, the action potential threshold is still not reached.
رسم بياني يوضح تأثيرات EPSPs وIPSPs على جهود الغشاء.

آلية الجهد المشبكي

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المراجع

  1. ^ "synaptic potential". TheFreeDictionary.com. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2020-08-10. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2020-08-10.

قراءة متعمقة

  • ميل ، بي دبليو (2001-01-01) ، سميلسر ، نيل جيه ؛ بالتيس ، بول ب. (محرران. ) ، «الخلايا العصبية والتشعبات: تكامل المعلومات» ، الموسوعة الدولية للعلوم الاجتماعية والسلوكية ، بيرغامون ، ص.   10600-10605 ، (ردمك 9780080430768) ، استرجاعها 2019-09-24
  • Nicoll، RA & Roche، KW (2013). التقوية على المدى الطويل. تقشير البصل. علم الأدوية العصبية، 7418-22.
  • مجلة علم الأعصاب. يزيد نشاط البروتين المرتبط بعنصر استجابة cAMP المحسن من استثارة الخلايا العصبية وتقوية الحصين على المدى الطويل وتكييف Eyeblink الكلاسيكي في الفئران التي تتصرف في حالة تأهب. أغنيس جروارت وإيفا بينيتو وخوسيه إم ديلجادو جارسيا وأنجيل باركو.
  • علم الأعصاب. الطبعة الثانية. Purves D. ، Augustine GJ ، Fitzpatrick D ، وآخرون ، المحررين. سندرلاند (ماجستير): سينيور أسوشيتس ، 2001.
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