George Petrie



George Petrie

Ierse skilder, musikus, antikwaar en argeoloog


Bynaam
"Vader van die Ierse argeologie"


Beduidende werke

Memoir of the Parish of Templemore (1837)
On the ecclesiastic architecture of Ireland (1845)
The Petrie Collection of the Ancient Music of Ireland (1855)
Christian Inscriptions in the Irish Language (1872-78)

George Petrie (* 1 Januarie 1790, † 1866 in Dublin), was 'n Ierse skilder, musikus, antikwaar en argeoloog in die Victoriaanse tydperk. Dikwels word na hom as die "vader van die Ierse argeologie" verwys.

Persoonlike lewe

George Petrie is in Dublin gebore en groot gemaak. Hy was die seun van die portret- en miniatuurskilder James Petrie, 'n boorling van Aberdeen, Skotland wat hom in die Ierse hoofstad gevestig het. George Petrie het al vroeg in kuns belang gestel en het sy skoolopleiding as kunstenaar by een van die Royal Dublin Society se skole ontvang. In die ouderdom van veertien het hy hier in 1805 die silwermedalje gewen.

Loopbaan

In 1813 het hy twee hegte vriende, Francis Danby en James Arthur O'Connor, in Londen besoek. Hy het kennis gemaak met Sir Benjamin West en sodoende die geleentheid gekry om beduidende kunsskatte in die Britse metropool te bestudeer.[1]

Daarna het Petrie na Ierland teruggekeer waar hy sy lewensonderhoud verdien het deur sketse vir gravure in reisliteratuur te ontwerp, waaronder George Newenham Wright se reisgids oor Killarney, Wicklow en Dublin, Thomas Cromwell se Excursions through Ireland en James Norris Brewer se Beauties of Ireland. Van sy kunswerke is vanaf 1816 in Dublin vertoon.

In die laat 1820's en 1830's het Petrie nuwe lewe in die Koninklike Ierse Akademie se antikwiteite-komitee ingeblaas. Hy was verantwoordelik vir die aankoop van talle belangrike Ierse manuskripte, waaronder 'n handgeskrewe kopie van die Annals of the Four Masters, asook metaalkuns van die eiland soos die "Kruis van Cong".

Sy werke oor vroeë Ierse argeologie en boukuns was van groot wetenskaplike belang, veral sy essay oor die "Ronde Torings van Ierland" (Round Towers of Ireland) wat in 1845 in sy boek The Ecclesiastical Architecture of Ireland ("Die kerklike boukuns van Ierland") verskyn het. Sy wetenskaplike ondersoek aangaande die grafte van Carrowmore is vandag steeds 'n belangrike bron oor dié argeologiese terrein.

Tussen 1833 en 1843 is Petrie deur Thomas Colby en Thomas Larcom as hoof van die Topografiese Departement (die antikwiteite-afdeling) van die Irish Ordnance Survey aangestel. Sy span het bekende wetenskaplikes soos John O'Donovan, een van Ierland se voorste geleerdes ooit, en Eugene O'Curry ingesluit. In hierdie periode was Petrie 'n tyd lank redakteur van twee gewilde tydskrifte oor antikwiteite, die Dublin Penny Journal, en later die Irish Penny Journal.

'n Ander beduidende bydrae tot die Ierse kultuur was Petrie se versameling van Ierse wysies en melodieë. William Stokes se eietydse biografie beskryf noukeurig die manier waarop Petrie hierdie tradisionele musiek versamel en neergeskryf het.

Waterverf was sy gewildste medium as kunstenaar, alhoewel dit in sy tyd minder belangrik geag is as olieverfkuns. Nogtans word hy by die bekwaamste Ierse Romantiese skilders van sy tydperk gereken. Van sy beste werke word in die Nasionale Galery van Ierland vertoon, waaronder sy waterverfskildery Gougane Barra Lake with the Hermitage of St. Finbarr, Co. Cork van 1831.

Verwysings

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