Cardiff

Cardiff

Kaart Wapen
Vlag
 Land Vlag van Verenigde Koninkryk Verenigde Koninkryk
 Land (VK) Vlag van Wallis Wallis
 Distrik City of Cardiff
 Graafskap County Suid-Glamorgan
 Koördinate 51°29′N 3°11′W / 51.483°N 3.183°W / 51.483; -3.183
 Stigting 1003
 Stadstatus 28 Oktober 1905
 Oppervlakte:  
 - Totaal 140,3 km²
 Hoogte bo seevlak 307 m
 Bevolking:  
 - Totaal (City of Cardiff in 2011) 346 100
 - Bevolkingsdigtheid 2 466,9/vk km
 - Urban Area 327 706
 - Metropolitaanse gebied 846 100
 Tydsone UTC ±0 (GMT)
 - Somertyd UTC +1 (BST)
 Klimaat  
 - Tipe Gematigde klimaat
 - Gemiddelde jaarlikse temperatuur 14 °C
 - Gem. temp. Januarie/Julie 2 / 12 °C
 - Gemiddelde jaarlikse neerslae 1112 mm
 Voorsitter van stadsraad Matt Edwards
 Amptelike Webwerf Cardiff

Cardiff (Engels: [ˈkɑːrdɪf], ; Wallies: Caerdydd, [kairˈdiːð] of [kaˑɨrˈdɨːð], ) is die hoofstad en grootste stad van Wallis. Cardiff lê aan die Walliese suidkus aan die Kanaal van Bristol in die geskiedkundige graafskap Glamorgan en word in administratiewe opsig as 'n eenheidsstad bestuur.

Nog tot in die vroeë 19de eeu was Cardiff 'n taamlik klein nedersetting wat eers met die industrialisering van die gebied bekendheid verwerf het as 'n belangrike uitvoerhawe vir steenkool. Uiteindelik het dit tot die grootste Walliese stad gegroei en is vandag 'n belangrike kulturele, geskiedkundige en sportsentrum in die Verenigde Koninkryk en sy 14de grootste nedersetting. Cardiff het in 1905 stadstatus gekry en het in 1955 die hoofstad van Wallis geword.

Die stad spog met ’n kasteel, katedraal en universiteit, en die Millennium-stadion, waar belangrike rugbywedstryde gespeel word.[1]

Geskiedenis

Die Romeinse muur in die kasteel van Cardiff
Die Normandiese weertoring in die kasteel van Cardiff

Die naam Cardiff is 'n verengelsing van die Walliese naam Caerdydd. Die oorsprong van hierdie naam bly onduidelik; Caer beteken "fort" of "kasteel", maar die presiese betekenis van Dydd in hierdie konteks is nie bekend nie. In moderne Wallies beteken die woord "dag". Sommige deskundiges neem aan dat Dydd of Diff 'n vervorming van Taff was – die rivier waaraan die kasteel van Cardiff lê. Cardiff sou dus "die fort aan die Taff-rivier" beteken (die T muteer in Wallies tot D).

Ander navorsers voer die naam eerder terug op Aulus Didius Gallus – dit is bekend dat die Romeine 'n fort in Cardiff opgerig het toe hy as goewerneur van die nabygeleë provinsie gedien het. Cardiff sou dus ook as "die fort van Didius" vertaal kan word. Op die Romeinse fort se vroeëre terrein is later 'n Normandiese kasteel opgerig wat egter in die Victoriaanse tydperk deur John Crichton-Stuart, die 3de Marquess van Bute, en die argitek William Burges grootliks verander en uitgebou is. Oorspronklike Romeinse gedeeltes kan nog in die muurbedekking besigtig word.

Daar is 'n tweede kasteel noord van die stad – Castell Coch (die "Rooi Kasteel"). Die huidige kasteel is – tenminste in argitektoniese en geskiedkundige opsig – 'n ryk versierde Victoriaanse dwaasheid wat deur Burges vir die Marquess ontwerp en in die 1870's gebou is. Die Victoriaanse kasteel het op die terrein van 'n baie ouer Middeleeuse kasteel ontstaan wat moontlik deur Ifor Bach opgerig is – 'n plaaslike baron wat ook met die kasteel van Cardiff verbind word. Die buitekant van die gebou het 'n gewilde toneel vir rolprent- en televisieproduksies geword.

Vanweë sy ligging in die nouste gedeelte van die Suid-Walliese kusvlakte was Cardiff 'n stad van groot strategiese gedurende die oorloë tussen die Normandiërs (wat die laer geleë gebiede van Wallis beset het) en die Walliesers wat die hoër geleë streke oorheers het. As gevolg van hierdie konflikte pronk Cardiff met die grootste digtheid kastele van alle stede ter wêreld. Net soos die kasteel van Cardiff en Castell Coch kan ook die oorblyfsels van die Castell Morgraig, die biskoplike kasteel, Y Twmpath, die kasteel Ruperra en die Sint-Fagans-kasteel nog steeds besigtig word, terwyl die koninklike en die Whitchurch-kasteel onder nuwer geboue begrawe lê.

Sport

Buiteaansig van die Millennium-stadion in Cardiff

Cardiff was een van die gasheerstede tydens die Rugbywêreldbeker 1991, Krieketwêreldbeker 1999, Rugbywêreldbeker 1999, Rugbywêreldbeker 2007, Kampioenetrofee 2013, Rugbywêreldbeker 2015, Kampioenetrofee 2017 en Krieketwêreldbeker 2019.

Krieket

Cardiff beskik oor Wallis se enigste toetskrieketveld, Sophia Gardens. Tydens die 2009-As-reeks is hier op 8–12 Julie die eerste toetswedstryd in Wallis gespeel, toe Australië en Engeland onbeslis geëindig het.[2]

Rugby

Die Walliese nasionale rugbyspan speel sy tuiswedstryde tydens die jaarlikse Sesnasies-toernooi op die Millennium-stadion wat deur die Walliese Rugbyunie besit word. Cardiff se professionele rugbyspan Cardiff Blues speel hier in die Pro14. Die Millennium-stadion het die ou Cardiff Arms Park vervang.

Verwysings

  1. HAT Taal-en-feitegids, Pearson, Desember 2013, ISBN 978-1-77578-243-8
  2. (en) "Cardiff to host Ashes Test in 2009". ESPNcricinfo. Besoek op 2 Mei 2021.

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