Undang-Undang Pewarisan 1701

Undang-Undang Pewarisan (bahasa Inggris: The Act of Settlement) adalah sebuah Undang-Undang Parlemen Inggris yang disahkan pada 1701 yang menyatakan bahwa suksesi mahkota Inggris dan daftar penguasa Irlandia yang jatuh ke tangan Protestan. Protestan berikutnya dalam garis tahta adalah Electress Sophia dari Hanover, seorang cucu dari James VI dari Skotlandia dan I dari Inggris. Setelahnya, mahkota hanya akan jatuh ke tangan para perwaris non-Katolik Romanya.

Undang-undang tersebut dikeluarkan akibat kegagalan Raja William III dan Ratu Mary II, serta saudari Mary Ratu Anne, untuk menghasilkan satupun anak, dan agama Katolik Roma dari seluruh anggota lainnya dari Wangsa Stuart. Garis Sophia dari Hanover adalah yang paling junior dari Wangsa Stuart, tetapi terdiri dari Protestan. Sophia wafat pada 8 Juni 1714, sebelum kematian Ratu Anne pada 1 Agustus 1714. Saat kematian Ratu Anne, putra Sophia menjadi Raja George I dan memulai dinasti Hanover.

Undang-undang tersebut memainkan peran penting dalam pembentukan Kerajaan Britania Raya. Inggris dan Skotlandia telah berbagi mahkota sejak 1603, tetapi pemerintahan negaranya masih terpisah.

Catatan

Referensi

  • Naamani Tarkow, I. (1943). "The Significance of the Act of Settlement in the Evolution of English Democracy". Political Science Quarterly. 58 (4): 537–561. doi:10.2307/2144947. 
  • Stevens, Robert (2002). The English Judges. Oxford and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing. hlm. 1–13. ISBN 1-84113-495-3. 
  • Twomey, Anne (2011). "Changing the Rules of Succession to the Throne". Sydney Law School Legal Studies Research Paper. University of Sydney, Faculty of Law. 11 (71). SSRN 1943287 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. 

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