Smpit Amalia
smpit al itqon balaraja tangerang banten smpit amalia smpit al yasmin bogor smpit aulady foto smpit el ma'mur smpit al hikmah depok smpit ar rahmah bogor smpit fatahillah cileungsi smpit insantama bogor smpit al marwat smpit raudhatul muttaqin smpit insan mandiri greenville smpit qurrata a'yun batusangkar smpit abu bakar foto smpit al ikhlas pekanbaru smpit al fadl smpit adzkia padang smpit nurul islam tengaran sdit smpit al fadl kota depok foto smpit bunayya lhokseumawe smpit putri al-hanif foto smpit nurhanifa smpit t…
biaya masuk smpit nururrahman depok smpit bina insan parepare smpit al yasmin 2 smpit robbani banjarbaru smpit mardhatillah smpit mardhatillah polokarto smpit ibadurrahman smpit nurul wahdah pontianak smpit darul fikri bawen smpit karakter anak sholeh padang smpit mutiara insan cepu smpit al madinah smpit daqta smpit at taqwa narogong bekasi smpit nurul hikmah jakarta biaya masuk smpit al-yasmin bogor smpit baitul ilmi bekasi smpit cordova tangerang smpit aulady smpit baitul 'ilmi tambun utara kabupaten bekasi …
kode etik guru algoritma pemrograman ormas islam di indonesia jelaskan kesulitan apa yang anda alami dalam pemakaian tenses bahasa inggris dan bagaimana mengatasinya? spss kerajaan gowa tallo sistem informasi adalah garuda select adalah nama dewa yunani euodia dan sintikhe rebound movie 2023 sub indo prinsip etika bisnis search profil mayjen nur rahmad, jenderal bintang 2 di ring 1 panglima tni mitologi yunani cara …
2.1 Definition of Computer Networks
A computer network is a collection of two or more computers that are
interconnected with each other to communicate data using a communication
protocol via a communication medium (cable or wireless), so that these
computers can share information, data, together. In this case data
communication that can be done through a computer network can be in the
form of text, images, video and sound. (Kustanto & Daniel T Saputro:
2008)Meanwhile, according to Oetomo in (Linto, 2003) a computer
network is an autonomous group that uses communication protocols through
communication media so that they can share data, information,
application programs and hardware such as printers, scanners, CD drives
or hard drives, and allow them to communicate with each other online.
electronic.
2.2 Classification of Computer Networks
The following is a classification of computer networks based on their scale and function.
2.2.1 Network Type Based on Scale
Iwan Sofana (2007) states that, Computer networks can be grouped based on the area that can be reached or served. In general, computer networks are divided into 4 types, namely Personal Area Networks (PAN), Local Area Networks (LAN), Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN), and Wide Area Networks (WAN).
Below are some types of networks based on their scale.
a. Personal Are Network (PAN)
Personal Are Network (PAN) is a computer network formed by several computers or between computers and non-computer equipment (such as printers, fax machines, cellular phones, PDAs, mobile phones). The coverage area of a PAN is very limited, which is around 9-10 meters. A PAN can be built using wire and wireless network technology. PAN wire technology can be connected with USB and FireWire. Meanwhile, wireless PAN can be connected with Bluetooth, WiFi, and Infrared technology.
b. Local Area Networks (LAN)
Local Area Network is a computer network that only covers a small area. such as campus computer networks, buildings, offices, in homes, schools or smaller ones. Currently, most LANs based on IEEE 802.3 Ethernet technology use switch devices, which have data transfer rates of 10, 100, or 1000 Mbps. In addition to Ethernet technology, currently 802.11b technology (or commonly called Wi-fi) is also often used to form LANs.
c. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
The technology used by MAN is similar to LAN. It's just that the area is bigger and the computers connected to the MAN network are far more than the LAN. MAN is a computer network that covers an area the size of a city or a combination of several LANs connected into a large network. The MAN network can be a combination of computer networks from several schools or several campuses. MAN can be implemented on a wire or wireless network.
d. Local Area Network (WAN)
Wide Area Network is a computer network that covers a large area (wide). An example is a computer network between regions, cities or even countries, or it can also be defined as a computer network that requires routers and public communication channels. WAN is used to connect one local network with another local network, so that users or computers in one location can communicate with users and computers in other locations.
2.2.2 Network Type Based on Function
Based on the operating pattern or function of each computer, the computer network can be divided into:
a. Peer to peer
Peer to peer is a type of computer network where each computer can be both a server and a client. Each computer can receive and provide access from or to other computers.
b. Client servers
Client server is a computer network where one computer functions as a server. Such as server computers at the Head Office of PT. Semen Baturaja which provides access to the Web, e-mail, files and intranet applications that run on clients via a browser.
2.3 Computer Network Topology
Topology is a structure of a network. There are two kinds of topology, namely:
1. Physical Topology - Describes the actual conditions of the existing network
2. Logical Topology - Describes how a host communicates through the medium.
2.3.1 Physical Topology
Linto (2008) Explains Physical Topology in general there are 5 models, namely Bus, Ring, Star, Extended Star and Mesh.
1. Bus topology
This topology uses a single backbone cable to connect one node to another in a network.
Figure 3.1 BUS Topology
2.Star
The star toology connects all nodes to a single central node. These nodes are usually hubs or switches.
Figure 3.2 Star Topology
3. Rings
This topology connects one node to another where the last node is connected to the first node so that the connected nodes form a network like a ring.
Figure 3.3 Ring Topology
4. Mesh
This toology allows nodes with one or more other nodes connected in the network without a certain pattern.
2.3.2 Logical Topology
The logical topology describes how the media is accessed by the host to send data. In general, there are two types of logical topologies, namely:
a. Broadcast
In this topology, all hosts can send data to all others via the media in the network. The principle of this topology is First Come First Serve.
b. Token Pass
The token passing topology controls network access by passing electronic tokens to each host in turn. When the host receives the token. Then the host can send data. If no data is sent then the token is passed to the next host and this process repeats continuously. The use of token passing can be found in Token Ring and Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI).
2.4 The Osi Layer Model
The OSI Reference Model for open networking or the OSI open network reference model is a network architectural model developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in Europe in 1977 (Sofana, 2008). OSI itself stands for Open System
Interconnections.
This model is also called the "OSI seven layer model" (OSI seven layer model). The OSI model was created to overcome various internetworking constraints due to differences in network architectures and protocols. In the past, communication between computers from different vendors was very difficult to do. Foreign - each vendor uses different protocols and data formats. So that the International Organization for Standardization of Communications (ISO) made known as an Open System Interconnection (OSI) architecture model that defines standards for connecting computers from different vendors. This reference model was originally intended to develop network protocols. However, the idea failed to materialize.
The following is a table that explains the function of each layer along with examples of the appropriate protocols for each layer.
Protocol Example Function Layer
Application Provides services for various
network applications NNTP, H7, Modbus,
SIP, SSI, DHCP, FTP, Gopher, HTTP, NFS, NTP, RTP, SMPP, SMTP, SNMP, Telnet
Presentation Manages conversion and translation
various data formats, such as data compression and data encryption TDI, ASCII, EBCDIC,
MIDI, MPEG, ASCII7
Session Set the session (session) that
includes estabilishing (starting a session), maintaining (maintaining a session) and terminating (ending a session) between entities owned by the SQL presentation layer, X Windows,
Named Pipes (DNS), NetBIOS, ASP, SCP, OS Scheduling, RPC, NFS, ZIP
Transport Provide end to end
communications protocol. This layer is responsible for "data safety", such as: managing flow control, error detection and correction, data sequencing, and size.
of the packet (packet size) TCP, SPX, UDP, SCTP,
IPX
Network Determines the route passed by
data. This layer provides logical addressing and path determination IPX, IP, ICMP, Ipsec,
ARP, RIP, IGRP, BGP, OSPF, NBF, Q.931
Data Link Specifies the physical address
(hardware address), error notification (error detection), frame flow control, and network topology.
There are two sublayers to the data link, namely: Logical Link Control (LLC) and Media Access Control (MAC).
The LLC manages communications, such as error notifications and flow control.
While the MAC regulates the physical address used in the communication process between 802.3 (Ethernet) adapters,
802.11a/b/g/n MAC/LLC, 802.1Q (VLAN), ATM, CDP, HDP, FDDI, Fiber
Channel, Frame Relay, SDLC, HDLC, ISL, PPP, Q.921, Token Ring
This Physical Layer defines the problem
electricity/waves/fields and various procedures/functions related to the physical link, such as the amount of voltage/electrical current, the maximum length of the transmission medium, phase change, cable types and connectors RS-232, V.35, V.34,
I.430, I.431, T1, E1,
10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, POTS, SONET, DSL, 802.11a/b/g/n
PHY, hubs, repeaters, fiber, optics
Table 2.4 OSI Layers
2.5 VLAN (Virtual Local Area Networks)
In Sofana (2008) explains that, Virtual Local Area Network or abbreviated VLAN is a group of devices on one or more LANs that are configured (using management software) so that they can communicate as if these devices were connected to the same line, even though the devices are actually on a number of different LAN segments.(Wikipedia)
One of the problems faced by (Traditional) LANs is that there is no flexible regulatory mechanism. Administrators will find it quite difficult to group each host based on a certain category. Like grouping some
hosts based on work groups, based on departments, applications or services provided.
To overcome this, we can create a VLAN or Virtual LAN. VLANs can overcome some of the difficulties that traditional LANs cannot solve. For example, we can group several hosts located in four different buildings into one group, for example, lecturer groups, student groups, and others.
that is:
When viewed from the membership side, VLANs can be divided into two:
a. Static VLAN
Static VLAN is the most commonly used and most secure VLAN type. Each member of a VLAN is assigned a switch port number. Membership will remain that way until we decide otherwise. Usually by moving the network cable to another port. Sometimes static VLANs are referred to as port based VLANs.
b. Dynamic VLAN
In dynamic VLAN, membership will be determined automatically using software installed on a central server, called the VLAN management Policy Server (VMPS).
2.6 Computer Network Devices
Sofana (2008) describes the devices used in computer networks:
2.6.1 Routers
Routers have the capability of passing IP packets from one network to another which may have multiple paths between the two. Routers that are connected to each other in the internet network participate in a distributed routing algorithm to connect to each other in the internet network to determine the best path for IP packets to pass from one system to another.
Routers can be used to connect a number of LANs (Local Area Networks) so that traffic generated by a LAN is well isolated from traffic generated by other LANs. If two or more LANs are connected by a router, the LANs are considered as distinct subnetworks. Similar to bridges, routers can connect different network interfaces.
Routers that are generally used consist of two types, dedicated routers (manufactured for example Cisco http://www.cisco.com, BayNetwork
http://www.baynetwork.com) and PC routers. A PC can function as a router as long as it has more than one network interface, is able to forward IP packets, and runs programs to manage packet routing.
2.6.2 Bridges
In order for a LAN to connect to other LANs, special hardware and software is needed, called a bridge. There are three types of bridges, namely internal bridges, external bridges and remote bridges. The internal bridge is the bridge that contains the server computers for the two LANs to be connected. An external bridge is a bridge that requires a specific PC each to be set up as a bridge on the two LANs to be connected. Remote bridge is a bridge that allows the formation of WAN. This remote bridge is actually the same as an external bridge with the difference in the distance between the PCs used so that the bridges are far apart. The connection between the PC bridge is done via a modem and a telephone line.
2.6.3 Switches
Similar to a router, a switch divides a large network into smaller segments, reducing the number of users consuming network resources and bandwidth. Switches are very useful for preventing collisions between data packets and reducing competition between workstations thereby increasing network performance. But on the other hand, it is different from a router, a switch allows certain bandwidth to be assigned to each device on the network. The switch also provides a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) that allows the creation of a small group of users within an existing network without costly architectural modifications.
Switches are also useful for combining several hubs in a dispersed network, because the incoming data speed does not decrease even though many resources are connected.
2.6.4 Hubs
Hubs can function as connecting cables of the same or different types, as repeaters or amplifiers or intelligent hubs. Hub is a device where several workstations and servers are connected via cables to form a LAN and allow data exchange. The term hub is usually used for ethernet networks, while for token ring networks the term MAU (Multistation Access Unit) or concentrator is used.
There are two types of hubs namely active and passive hubs. Passive hubs only provide a wired connection that connects each workstation to the server without amplifying the data signal, so passive hubs are not suitable for long-distance connections. Meanwhile, active hubs besides being able to be a long-distance data connection also have an electrical circuit that filters and amplifies the data signal that passes through it. Hubs can also be referred to as repeaters because of their ability to retransmit data packets received from various resources.
2.6.5 NIC (Network Interface Card)
Network Interface Card is a card that is needed by every PC computer, both server and workstation computers, so that they can be combined into a network. On each card there is a connector for connection with a cable. There are several types of cards depending on the network topology used.
1.Ethernet
Ethernet cards have higher speeds and of course cost more than other cards. The type of ethernet card according to the bus used:
2. Ethernet with ISA bus.
3. Ethernet with PCI bus.
4. Ethernet in the form of a PCMCIA card.
2.7 Data Transmission Media
2.7.1 Copper media (copper media)
Copper media is all data transmission media made of copper known as cable. Data sent through cables in the form of electrical signals. Example of cable specification.
1. 10BASE-2 (Thin Ethernet)
2. 10BASE-5 (Thick Ethernet)
3. 10BASE-T
4. 100BASE-TX
The types of cables used for data transmission on the network
a. Coaxial
The advantage of using coaxial cable is that it is cheap and the range is quite far. The drawback is that it's difficult to install
Gambar 2.7.1 Kabel Koaksial
Figure 2.7.2 Thin Ethernet (left) and Thick Ethernet (right)
b. STP
The advantage of using STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) cables is that they are more resistant to electromagnetic wave interference from both inside and outside. The drawbacks are that it is expensive, difficult to install (especially grounding problems), and the range is only 100m
Figure 2.7.3 STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) Cable
c. STP
STP (Screened Twisted Pair) is a twisted pair cable that is balanced and covered by metal braid, a layer of tin (which is called a screen), or both, and bundled together in a single cable sheath. This cable has immunity to noise but the price is more expensive when compared to UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair).
Figure 2.7.8 ScTP Cable (Screened Twisted Pair)
d. UTP
UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) is a type of cable media that does not have a protective layer (shield) and is only protected by the outermost layer (outer jacket). The advantage of using UTP cable is that it is cheap and easy to install. The drawback is that it is susceptible to electromagnetic wave interference, and its range is only 100m. The specifications of the UTP cable, among others:
1. Cat 1 : Voice Only (Kabel Telpon RJ-11)
2. Cat 2 : 4 Mbps
3. Cat 3 : 10 Mbps
4. Cat 4 : 16 Mbps
5. Cat 5 : 100 Mbps
6. Cat 5e : 100 – 1000 Mbps
7. Cat 6 : 1 Gbps
Figure 2.7.9 UTP Cable (Unshielded Twisted Pair)
2.7.2 Optical Media
The basic material of optical media is glass with a very small size (micron scale). Usually known as fiber optic (fiber optic). Data is passed on this medium in the form of light (laser or infrared) with a fairly high data transmission speed. This type of media also has a range of more than 3 km.
Figure 2.7.10 fiber optic
2.7.3 Wireless Media
Wireless transmission media use high frequency radio waves. Usually electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. Digital data sent via wireless will be modulated into these electromagnetic waves. Various types of wireless networks or wireless networks, namely:
a. Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)
Wireless Personal Area Network is a computer network used to communicate between computer devices (including telephones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)) to one person. The range for the Personal Area Network is only a few meters. Technologies that use WPAN, for example, are Bluetooth and infrared.
b. Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN)
Wireless Local Area Network uses radio to transmit data between computers on a LAN network. The types of WLAN are:
i. Wi-Fi, usually using a wireless network in a computer system that can connect to the internet or other machines that have Wi-Fi functionality.
ii. Fixed Wireless Data, is a type of wireless data network that can be used to connect two or more buildings simultaneously to expand or share network bandwidth without using cables (physically) in buildings.
iii. Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)
This connection can cover a very wide range, such as in a city or country, through several antennas or satellite systems used by telecommunications service providers. This WMANs technology is known as the 2G (second generation) system. The core of the 2G system includes the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). Henceforth, a transition is being made from 2G to 3G (third generation) technology which will become a global standard and will also have global roaming features.
Tags: smpit al itqon balaraja tangerang banten smpit amalia smpit al yasmin bogor smpit aulady foto smpit el ma'mur smpit al hikmah depok smpit ar rahmah bogor smpit fatahillah cileungsi smpit insantama bogor smpit al marwat smpit raudhatul muttaqin smpit insan mandiri greenville smpit qurrata a'yun batusangkar smpit abu bakar foto smpit al ikhlas pekanbaru smpit al fadl smpit adzkia padang smpit nurul islam tengaran sdit smpit al fadl kota depok foto smpit bunayya lhokseumawe smpit putri al-hanif foto smpit nurhanifa smpit teuku umar smpit raudhatul jannah smpit avicenna tkit sdit smpit al izzah sorong kota sorong foto smpit at taufiq bogor smpit insan teladan mandiri smpit titian ilmu foto smpit al hidayah smpit gita wirabangsa smpit al irsyad karawang smpit arrozaq rantauprapat smpit luqman al hakim slawi biaya masuk smpit mentari ilmu karawang 2022 smpit al banna biaya masuk smpit insan harapan smpit al khoiriyyah garut smpit smart syahida
biaya masuk smpit nururrahman depok smpit bina insan parepare smpit al yasmin 2 smpit robbani banjarbaru smpit mardhatillah smpit mardhatillah polokarto smpit ibadurrahman smpit nurul wahdah pontianak smpit darul fikri bawen smpit karakter anak sholeh padang smpit mutiara insan cepu smpit al madinah smpit daqta smpit at taqwa narogong bekasi smpit nurul hikmah jakarta biaya masuk smpit al-yasmin bogor smpit baitul ilmi bekasi smpit cordova tangerang smpit aulady smpit baitul 'ilmi tambun utara kabupaten bekasi foto smpit iqra kota bengkulu smpit ibadurrahman ciruas biaya masuk smpit zaid bin tsabit smpit baitul anshor smpit darul fikri sidoarjo smpit darul quran smpit assalaam pekalongan smpit izzatul islam getasan smpit ibnu khaldun biaya masuk smpit ar-rudho smpit qurrota a'yun ponorogo smpit al wasilah garut smpit thariq bin ziyad smpit bahana mandiri smpit wasilah intelegensia
kode etik guru algoritma pemrograman ormas islam di indonesia jelaskan kesulitan apa yang anda alami dalam pemakaian tenses bahasa inggris dan bagaimana mengatasinya? spss kerajaan gowa tallo sistem informasi adalah garuda select adalah nama dewa yunani euodia dan sintikhe rebound movie 2023 sub indo prinsip etika bisnis search profil mayjen nur rahmad, jenderal bintang 2 di ring 1 panglima tni mitologi yunani cara menggunakan mendeley di word proses memasukkan dan mengambil data cendekia bep adalah kasta di bali kota jawa barat peradaban aztec universitas stylish text, whatsapp indonesia pemeriksaan pajak selama masa pandemi covid-19 sebutkan dua macam seni rupa berdasarkan jenisnya latar belakang skripsi dewa mitologi nordik siakad. fahmaan khan final liga champion 2023 lesbi mantra yang digunakan bartemius crouch junior ke piala api cara restart hp tanpa tombol power neraca pembayaran internasional karaniya metta sutta nilai rata-rata masuk sma negeri 3 medan daniel adityajaya apa family dari bactrocera tryoni tuan rumah sea games 2025 sea games 2025 dimana teknologi artinya likuiditas adalah badan intelijen negara perang diponegoro manfaat penelitian topologi jaringan contoh perusahaan perseorangan pseudocode iklim koppen koloid liofil dan liofob nama dewa dewi yunani analisislah apakah konsekuensi hukum pengakuan oki dan pemerintah negara lain terhadap plo (palestine liberation organization)! apa yang anda ketahui mengenai pelaksanaan pemeriksaan pajak selama masa pandemi covid-19? jelaskanlah kenapa penggunaan transaksi pembiayaan murabahah paling dominan di perbankan syariah maupun di lembaga keuangan syariah non bank didunia termasuk di indonesia. chat gpt bf apa family dari bactrocera tryoni? toefl adalah silogisme scamming adalah tanda kecakapan khusus contoh mantan anggota black organization dalam anime detective conan adalah ita martadinata darah istihadhah pengertian teknologi hacking perjanjian baru mantra semar mesem kode etik profesi guru 4. andi akan melakukan presentasi bisnis tentang produk baru yang ingin dijual oleh perusahaan tempatnya bekerja. uraikan hal penting apa saja yang perlu dipersiapkan andi untuk menyajikan presentasi bisnis yang efektif? cara membuat jurnal skripsi marga minang negara boneka jepang hal penting apa saja yang perlu dipersiapkan andi untuk menyajikan presentasi bisnis yang efektif? beasiswa uraikan hal penting apa saja yang perlu dipersiapkan andi untuk menyajikan presentasi bisnis yang efektif novel bamukmin foya88 bulu tangkis pada pesta olahraga asia tenggara 2023 elephant 2003 spss adalah gagal kecepatan cahaya agresi militer belanda 2 film miracle in cell no 7 etika bisnis missio dei wib daerah mana saja apa itu teknologi download template cv ajian semar mesem pembelahan sel negara amerika latin download cv dampak perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam dunia pendidikan lapisan atmosfer berdasarkan temperatur intoleransi beragama adalah tokoh tokoh alkitab cek laptop bekas srikanth kidambi teddy minahasa putra angkat besi pada pesta olahraga asia tenggara 2023 final ucl 2023 manhwa bulan jawa jav indo keluaran 14:15-31 kantor berita nasional milik pemerintah pangdam jaya nomor taiwan islam alevi teknologi informasi adalah upi negara a medan magnet daerah jakarta selatan kota jawa tengah intoleransi beragama seminar proposal apakah ayah basmalah gralind masih hidup pemimpin yang baik julukan kota di indonesia jelaskan hal-hal yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam menyusun rencana penjualan. perkataan yesus di kayu salib tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah jawa barat kotanya apa saja cara pakai mendeley nama tokoh alkitab cara hacker bekerja peradaban lembah sungai nil jelaskan kesulitan apa yang anda alami dalam pemakaian tenses bahasa inggris dan bagaimana mengatasinya cara cari jurnal gen77 kalender jawa jigokuraku jawa barat igk manila mp4 lonte final champions 2023 segmentasi pasar teknologi adalah film my sassy girl apa itu wiraswasta sea game berapa tahun sekali termasuk apakah campuran gas pembentuk atmosfer bumi redtube peradaban mesir kuno mad far'i 10 perintah tuhan dakaretai otoko manga mitologi nordik cara presentasi yang baik tujuan karya ilmiah dewa mitologi yunani contoh sistem informasi manajemen yeremia 29 ayat 10 peradaban suku maya pengertian lembaga keuangan siapa euodia dan sintikhe kabupaten di kalimantan timur pengertian teknologi menurut para ahli
Teknologi Mixed Reality (MR) dan Augmented Reality (AR) menggabungkan dunia nyata dengan elemen yang dihasilkan komputer, memungkinkan pengguna berinteraksi dengan lingkungannya dengan cara yang lebih menarik. Beberapa tahun yang lalu, teknologi ini telah meningkatkan pendidikan dan khususnya di berbagai bidang, membantu peserta belajar untuk menguji kemampuan mereka atau memahami konsep dan data abstrak dengan lebih baik.Bagi para peneliti di University of Calgary, para peneliti mencoba mengemb…
DINOSAURUS, hewan yang pernah hidup jutaan tahun silam, memang menarik. jenisnya banyak sekali dan sekarang koleksi dinosaurus kita sudah ditambah dengan jenis dinosaurus yang aneh.Nama lengkap dinosaurus ini adalah Nigersaurus Taqueti. Nama ini dipilih untuk menghormati negara tempat dinosaurus ditemukan, Nigeria. sedangkan Taqueti, ahli paleontologi dari Perancis yang menemukan tulang belulang Nigersaurus pada tahun 1950-an. dia menemukan tulang pertama Nigersaurus di Gadoufaona, Nigeria. pa…
1. Pengenalan Bisnis Sampingan Online Apa itu bisnis sampingan online? Mengapa Anda perlu mempertimbangkan bisnis sampingan online? 2. Menentukan Niche atau Pilihan Produk Mencari niche yang sesuai Memilih produk yang tepat untuk bisnis sampingan online Anda 3. Membangun Brand dan Identitas Online Mengembangkan brand Anda Membuat logo dan desain yang menarik 4. Membuat Website atau Toko Online Membuat website yang profesional Membangun toko online …
Daftar Isi Pendahuluan Sejarah Roro Jonggrang: Mitos di Balik Keajaiban 2.1 Pangeran Bandung Bondowoso yang Tak Terkalahkan 2.2 Roro Jonggrang: Sang Putri Angker Latar Belakang dan Konteks Cerita Roro Jonggrang Keindahan Candi Prambanan: Karya Agung Roro Jonggrang 4.1 Prambanan: Kuil Agung di Tengah Hutan 4.2 Rincian Arsitektur yang Menakjubkan 4.3 Makna Simbolik di Balik Candi-Candi Prambanan Kisah Cinta dan Tragedi dalam Legen…
Daftar IsiPengantarSejarah Ular BeludakMengenali Jenis Ular Beludak3.1. Ular Beludak Berbisa3.2. Ular Beludak Non-BerbisaCiri-ciri Ular Beludak Berbisa4.1. Bentuk Tubuh dan Warna4.2. Pola dan Sisik Tubuh4.3. Gigi dan Cara MenggigitMenghindari Bahaya Ular Beludak5.1. Pengenalan Lingkungan5.2. Perilaku dan Tanda BahayaPertolongan Pertama jika Terkena Gigitan Ular Beludak6.1. Langkah Pertama6.2. Tindakan yang Harus DihindariStudi Kasus: Kisah Penaklukan Ular BeludakStatistik Bahaya Ular Beludak di …
Gajah Mada: Kisah Legendaris Pahlawan IndonesiaPendahuluanSelamat datang, pembaca yang budiman! Pada kesempatan kali ini, kita akan membahas sosok yang tak lekang oleh waktu, sosok yang menjadi legenda dalam sejarah Indonesia, yaitu Gajah Mada. Siapakah sebenarnya Gajah Mada? Bagaimana peran pentingnya dalam perjuangan bangsa? Artikel ini akan mengupas tuntas semua hal menarik dan unik seputar Gajah Mada, pahlawan besar yang tidak hanya menggemparkan Nusantara, tetapi juga meninggalkan warisan y…
Daftar IsiPengantarSejarah Taman Nasional Way KambasKeindahan dan Keanekaragaman AlamMenyapa Gajah SumateraMelihat Rusa Bawean BerlarianPesona Bunga Rafflesia ArnoldiMengintip Kehidupan Orangutan SumateraMerasakan Kegembiraan Berburu Burung di Way KambasAktivitas Menarik di Taman Nasional Way KambasBerkemah di Sekitar Air Terjun Batu PutihMendaki Puncak Bukit Pulau MasamBerpetualang Menyusuri Sungai Way KananMenyaksikan Penyu Bertelur di Pantai SawarnaPerlindungan dan Konservasi di Taman Nasiona…
Daftar IsiPengantarSejarah Bendungan KatulampaKonstruksi Bendungan KatulampaFungsi dan Manfaat Bendungan KatulampaMasalah yang Dihadapi oleh Bendungan KatulampaPengelolaan Bendungan KatulampaKelestarian Lingkungan sekitar Bendungan KatulampaStudi Kasus: Dampak Banjir di Wilayah Bendungan KatulampaStatistik Terkait Bendungan KatulampaKesimpulan1. PengantarSelamat datang dalam artikel kami yang akan membahas tentang bendungan yang sangat menarik dan penting, yaitu Bendungan Katulampa. Dalam artike…
Pendahuluan: Selamat datang, para pembaca! Di artikel makalah ini, kita akan membahas fenomena yang mengkhawatirkan dan mengkhawatirkan: penurunan populasi ikan paus. Ikan paus, sebagai makhluk raksasa di lautan, telah lama menarik minat kita dengan keindahan, ukuran, dan misteri yang memikat. Namun, kita harus menyadari bahwa mereka berada di ambang kepunahan karena berbagai ancaman yang menghadang. Mari kita memahami secara mendalam bagaimana ikan paus semakin langka dan bagaimana hal ini dapa…
PendahuluanSelamat datang dalam pembahasan yang menarik dan unik mengenai tokoh-tokoh dalam epos Ramayana! Dalam artikel ini, kita akan menjelajahi berbagai karakter yang muncul dalam kisah ini yang memiliki keunikan dan peran penting. Ramayana merupakan sebuah epos kuno yang terkenal di India dan berisi tentang kisah-kisah heroik, cinta, pengorbanan, dan pertempuran yang tak terlupakan. Dalam perjalanan ini, kita akan menggali ke dalam karakter utama seperti Rama, Sita, Ravana, dan masih banyak…
Daftar IsiSejarah Sungai Baliem: Jejak Peradaban Papua di Tepian Sungai Keajaiban Alam: Indahnya Pemandangan di Sekitar Sungai Baliem Kehidupan Masyarakat: Budaya dan Kearifan Lokal di Sekitar Sungai Menyusuri Arus Sungai: Aktivitas Rafting yang Seru Pesona Pendakian: Menaklukkan Gunung di Tepi Sungai Memancing di Sungai Baliem: Ikan-Ikan yang Mengagumkan Studi Kasus: Dampak Perubahan Iklim pada Sungai Baliem Mengenal Satwa Liar: Biodiversitas Papua yang Menakjubkan Keunikan Flora: Tumbuhan Lang…
Daftar IsiSejarah Pantai OraPesona Keindahan Pantai OraAktivitas Seru di Pantai Ora3.1 Snorkeling: Menjelajahi Keindahan Bawah Laut3.2 Menyaksikan Matahari Terbenam yang Memukau3.3 Berjalan Santai di Pasir Putih yang LembutPantai Ora: Potret Eksotis Pulau Maluku TengahTips Liburan di Pantai Ora5.1 Rencanakan Perjalanan dengan Baik5.2 Bawa Perlengkapan Snorkeling Sendiri5.3 Jaga Kebersihan PantaiStudi Kasus: Pengalaman Wisatawan di Pantai OraKutipan Inspiratif tentang Keindahan Pantai OraPanduan …
Sejarah Bendungan Daniel JohnsonMengenang Asal Usulnya yang HebatPerjuangan Membangun Monumen ModernSpesifikasi dan Teknologi CanggihBeton, Turbin, dan CahayaPeran Teknologi dalam Pengelolaan AirManfaat dan Dampak LingkunganTenaga Listrik untuk Masa DepanPerlindungan Ekosistem yang RentanRekreasi dan Pariwisata di Sekitar BendunganWisatawan yang TerpesonaAktivitas Luar Ruangan untuk Semua UsiaStudi Kasus: Kejadian Mendebarkan di Bendungan Daniel JohnsonPertolongan yang Cepat dan ResponsifMenghad…
PendahuluanSelamat datang di artikel yang akan membahas tentang keindahan Rhine River di Swiss! Bersiaplah untuk dibawa dalam perjalanan yang mengagumkan mengelilingi sungai yang memikat hati ini. Di sini, kita akan menjelajahi pemandangan yang menakjubkan, kekayaan sejarah, serta kegiatan menarik yang dapat dinikmati di sepanjang aliran sungai Rhine di Swiss.Daftar IsiRhine River: Pesona Alami Tergenang Keindahan Alami Sungai Rhine Pesona Pegunungan Swiss Ekosistem Hidup yang Kaya Sejarah dan B…
PendahuluanSelamat datang, pembaca yang gemar dengan segala hal yang unik dan misterius! Artikel ini akan membawa kita dalam perjalanan menarik untuk mengenal lebih jauh tentang batu kalsilitit, sebuah batu bertuah yang dipenuhi dengan beragam keistimewaan dan misteri. Mari kita bersiap untuk terpesona dan terpikat oleh keajaiban batu yang satu ini!Daftar IsiApa Itu Batu Kalsilitit? 1.1. Pengenalan Batu Kalsilitit 1.2. Asal Usul Nama KalsilititSejarah Batu Kalsilitit 2.1. Penemuan Pertama dan Mi…
PendahuluanSelamat datang di petualangan kita menuju sebuah misteri alam yang tak ternilai, yaitu Danau Asam Suoh Lampung! Mari kita gali lebih dalam tentang keindahan, keunikan, dan kisah yang menyelimuti danau ajaib ini. Siapkan diri Anda untuk terpesona oleh pesona alam yang mengagumkan dan kekayaan budaya yang ada di sekitar danau ini.Daftar IsiSejarah dan Keberadaan Lokasi dan Aksesibilitas Keajaiban Kimia: Fenomena Air Asam Faktor Penyebab Dampak Lingkungan Kehidupan di Danau Asam Adaptasi…
PendahuluanDi balik keindahan Papua yang memukau, tersimpan sebuah tradisi adat yang sangat unik dan menarik untuk dijelajahi: Acara Adat Bakar Batu. Dalam artikel ini, kita akan menjelajahi kekayaan budaya dan makna di balik tradisi ini, serta melihat bagaimana acara ini berhubungan dengan masyarakat Papua.Daftar IsiSejarah dan Asal Usul Tradisi Bakar Batu di PapuaSimbolisme dan Filosofi di Balik Prosesi Bakar BatuPersiapan Acara: Dari Pemilihan Lokasi hingga Persiapan MakananRitual dan Prosesi…
PendahuluanSelamat datang di artikel makalah ini yang akan membawa kita menjelajahi keunikan dan keindahan Gereja Nativity Bethlehem. Tempat suci ini bukan hanya sekadar sebuah bangunan bersejarah, tapi juga melambangkan begitu banyak makna dan kisah yang menginspirasi. Dalam artikel ini, kita akan merambah dari sejarahnya yang kaya hingga pengaruhnya dalam konteks modern. Bersiaplah untuk memahami lebih dalam tentang Gereja Nativity Bethlehem dan mengapa ia tetap menjadi tempat yang memikat per…
PendahuluanPanorama alam seringkali memukau kita dengan keindahan dan keajaiban yang tak terkira. Salah satu keindahan alam yang mempesona terletak di Meghalaya, India, yaitu Nahkawang Falls. Dalam artikel ini, kita akan menjelajahi keindahan luar biasa Nahkawang Falls, mengungkapkan sejarahnya, merinci apa yang membuatnya begitu istimewa, serta memberikan panduan untuk mengunjunginya. Mari kita mulai perjalanan ajaib ini!Daftar IsiSejarah Meghalaya: Negeri Awan dan MegahNahkawang Falls: Pesona …
PendahuluanMengapa Danau Moraine Sangat Spesial?Mengenalkan Keindahan dan Keunikan Danau Moraine yang Menakjubkan.Daftar IsiSejarah Danau MoraineMendalaminya Sejarah dan Asal Usul Danau yang Memukau Ini.Keajaiban Alami yang MengagumkanMenjelajahi Landscape dan Kekayaan Ekosistem di Sekitar Danau.Aktivitas Menarik di Danau MoraineRencanakan Petualangan Anda: Hiking, Kayaking, dan Fotografi.Sekilas Tentang Fauna dan FloraMengetahui Keindahan Alam Liar yang Hidup di Sekitar Danau.Misteri Mitos dan …