Sitotoksisitas

Sitotoksisitas adalah tingkat merusaknya suatu zat pada sel. Contohnya adalah sel imun atau beberapa jenis racun seperti racun Bitis arietans atau laba-laba Loxosceles reclusa.

Apabila suatu sel terkena senyawa yang bersifat sitotoksik, terdapat beberapa hal yang bisa terjadi. Sel tersebut dapat mengalami nekrosis, yaitu suatu keadaan ketika sel mati dengan cepat akibat proses lisis sel. Sel juga bisa berhentu tumbuh dan membelah, atau sel tersebut dapat mengalami apoptosis. Sel yang mengalami nekrosis biasanya menjadi bengkak dengan cepat, hilang keutuhan membran, berhenti bermetabolisme, and melepaskan kandungannya ke lingkungan. Sel yang mengalami nekrosis dengan cepat secara in vitro tidak mempunyai waktu maupun energi yang mencukupi untuk mengaktifkan apoptosis dan tidak akan mengeluarkan penanda apoptosis.[1]

Kemoterapi

Kemoterapi sering kali menggunakan zat-zat sikotoksik untuk membunuh atau merusak sel kanker.[2][3]

Referensi

  1. ^ Promega Corporation (2006) Protocols and Applications Guide. Cell Viability. Diarsipkan 2010-08-10 di Wayback Machine.
  2. ^ Ramin Zibaseresht, Photoactivated Cytotoxins, University of Canterbury, 2006.
  3. ^ "Chemotherapy Principles" (PDF). American Cancer Society. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2016-12-13. Diakses tanggal 20 August 2014. 
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