Proses Mannheim

Proses Mannheim
Jenis prosesBahan kimia
Sektor indutriIndustri klor-alkali
Bahan bakunatrium klorida, asam sulfat
Produkhidrogen klorida, natrium sulfat

Proses Mannheim adalah proses industri untuk produksi hidrogen klorida dan natrium sulfat dari asam sulfat dan natrium klorida.[1] Tungku Mannheim juga digunakan untuk menghasilkan kalium sulfat dari kalium klorida.[2] Proses Mannheim adalah tahap dalam proses Leblanc untuk produksi natrium karbonat.

Proses

Prosesnya dilakukan di tungku Mannheim, sebuah tungku besi cor besar. Natrium klorida dan asam sulfat pertama kali dimasukkan ke dalam pelat reaksi diam di mana reaksi awal terjadi. Plat stasioner memiliki diameter hingga 6 m (20 ft). Memutar lengan terus-menerus membalikkan campuran dan memindahkan produk antara ke piring yang lebih rendah. Bagian pemanas dari tungku dibangun dengan batu bata yang memiliki ketahanan tinggi terhadap nyala, suhu, dan asam langsung. Bagian lain dari tungku panas dan tahan asam. Gas buang panas melewati pelat yang membawa gas hidrogen klorida dibebaskan. Produk antara bereaksi dengan lebih banyak natrium klorida di bagian yang lebih rendah dan lebih panas dari pemanas yang memproduksi natrium sulfat. Senyawa ini keluar dari tungku dan melewati drum pendingin sebelum digiling, disaring, dan dikirim ke fasilitas penyimpanan produk. [3]

Proses ini melibatkan pembentukan natrium bisulfat antara, reaksi eksotermis yang terjadi pada suhu kamar:

NaCl + H2SO4 → HCl + NaHSO4

Tahap kedua dari proses ini adalah endotermik, membutuhkan input energi:

NaCl + NaHSO4 → HCl + Na2SO4

Suhu di kisaran 600-700 °C dibutuhkan.[3]

Referensi

  1. ^ Helmold Plessen (2000). "Sodium Sulfates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a24_355. ISBN 978-3527306732. 
  2. ^ H. Schultz, G. Bauer, E. Schachl, F. Hagedorn, P. Schmittinger (2005). "Potassium Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a22_039. ISBN 978-3527306732. 
  3. ^ a b Riegel, Emil Raymond (1974). Kent, James Albert, ed. Riegel's Handbook of Industrial Chemistry (edisi ke-7). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. hlm. 132. ISBN 9780442243470. 

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