Otto Moll

Otto Moll
Lahir(1915-03-04)4 Maret 1915
Hohen Schönberg, Keharyapatihan Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Kekaisaran Jerman
Meninggal28 Mei 1946(1946-05-28) (umur 31)
Penjara Landsberg, Landsberg am Lech, Pendudukan Jerman oleh Sekutu
Sebab meninggalDieksekusi dengan digantung
Nama lain
Hukuman kriminalMati
Status kriminalDieksekusi
MotifNazisme
Sadisme
Alasankejahatan perang
Karier SS
PengabdianJerman Nazi
Dinas/cabang Schutzstaffel
Lama dinas1935–1945
PangkatHauptscharführer

Otto Hermann Wilhelm Moll (4 Maret 1915 – 28 Mei 1946) adalah seorang bintara SS yang melakukan banyak kekejaman di kamp konsentrasi Auschwitz selama Perang Dunia Kedua. Moll memegang pangkat SS-Hauptscharführer "Kepala Bagian", setara dengan sersan utama di militer AS. Ia dikenal sebagai "Cyclops", karena memiliki kaca mata, dan sebagai "Penjagal Birkenau".[1]

Dia dikatakan secara pribadi telah membunuh ratusan orang di Birkenau,[2] dan mengawasi kematian ratusan ribu orang saat berada di kamp tersebut, seperti kematian orang Yahudi Hungaria pada tahun 1944.[3] Otto Moll menjabat sebagai kepala zona krematorium/pemusnahan di Birkenau dari tahun 1943 hingga 1945, peran yang dilakukan Moll dengan sangat kejam.[4][5][6]

Otto Moll digambarkan sebagai "contoh utama dari 'roh Nazi' yang kejam",[7] sementara dokter Miklós Nyiszli menggambarkan Moll sebagai "pembunuh paling gila dalam Perang Dunia".[8] Moll juga digambarkan sebagai "eksekutor 'Solusi Akhir' yang sadis dan kejam, seorang pria yang menjadi teror bagi orang-orang Yahudi dan SS", dan sebagai salah satu "tokoh paling sadis dan jahat dalam sejarah Auschwitz".[9]

Penangkapan, penjara dan eksekusi

Setelah Auschwitz-Birkenau ditinggalkan oleh SS pada tanggal 18 Januari 1945, Moll dipindahkan ke sub-kamp kamp konsentrasi Dachau. Pada tanggal 28 April 1945, sehari sebelum Dachau dibebaskan oleh pasukan Amerika Serikat, Moll tiba di kamp utama bersama sekelompok tahanan yang dia paksa melakukan mars kematian. Dia telah mengusulkan untuk mengebom Dachau dan membunuh tahanan yang tersisa, tetapi rencananya tidak terlaksana. Keesokan harinya dia ditahan oleh Angkatan Darat AS.

Pada bulan November 1945, Moll diadili oleh pengadilan militer Amerika selama persidangan di Dachau. Dia hanya diadili atas apa yang dia lakukan di Dachau. Moll dijatuhi hukuman mati setelah dinyatakan bersalah menembak mati tahanan yang pingsan karena kelelahan. Menurut Wilhelm Metzler, seorang Kapo, Moll telah menembak 26 orang.[10] Setelah hukuman Moll, Mayor Draper, seorang jaksa militer Inggris, mengirimkan permintaan mendesak untuk wawancara kepada komandan penjara Amerika Serikat di Penjara Landsberg, tempat Moll sedang menunggu eksekusi. Dia meminta wawancara dengan Moll, dengan mengatakan dunia perlu mengetahui apa yang telah dia lakukan di Auschwitz. Tidak diketahui apakah wawancara itu terjadi. Namun, Moll diwawancarai selama persidangan Nuremberg. Setelah kasusnya ditinjau, panel merekomendasikan agar hukuman Moll dilaksanakan. Dia dieksekusi dengan cara digantung di Landsberg pada 28 Mei 1946.[11]

Referensi

  1. ^ Gregorc, Tamara (2020) (dalam bahasa de). Im Herzen der Hölle: Das Sonderkommando von Auschwitz-Birkenau und seine Wahrnehmung nach 1945 (Tesis). Universität Graz. p. 28. https://unipub.uni-graz.at/obvugrhs/content/titleinfo/5267255. Diakses pada 16 May 2024. 
  2. ^ Kadar, Gabor; Zoltan, Vagi (2004). Self-Financing Genocide: The Gold Train, the Becher Case and the Wealth of Hungarian JewsAkses gratis dibatasi (uji coba), biasanya perlu berlangganan. Budapest: Central European University Press. hlm. 258. ISBN 9639241539. 
  3. ^ Greif, Gideon; Levin, Itamar (2015). Aufstand in Auschwitz: Die Revolte des jüdischen »Sonderkommandos« am 7. Oktober 1944 [Uprising in Auschwitz: The revolt of the Jewish "Sonderkommando" on October 7, 1944] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Böhlau Verlag. hlm. 27–28, 347. ISBN 978-3-412-22473-8. 
  4. ^ "The Prisoners' Fate in Auschwitz-Birkenau". degob.org. Diakses tanggal 2024-05-14. 
  5. ^ Lewy, Guenter (2017). Perpetrators: The World of the Holocaust Killers (dalam bahasa Inggris). Oxford University Press. hlm. 71. ISBN 9780190661137. 
  6. ^ Chare, Nicholas; Williams, Dominic (2019). The Auschwitz Sonderkommando: Testimonies, Histories, Representations (dalam bahasa Inggris). Palgrave Macmillan. hlm. 119, 124, 148—149, 184. ISBN 978-3-030-11490-9. 
  7. ^ Petropoulos, Jonathan; Roth, John K., ed. (2015). Gray Zones: Ambiguity and Compromise in the Holocaust and Its Aftermath (dalam bahasa Inggris). Berghahn Books. hlm. 48. ISBN 978-1-84545-071-7. 
  8. ^ Nyiszli, Miklós (2005). Im Jenseits der Menschlichkeit. Ein Gerichtsmediziner in Auschwitz [Beyond Humanity: A Forensic Doctor in Auschwitz] (dalam bahasa Jerman) (edisi ke-2nd). Karl Dietz Verlag. hlm. 61. ISBN 9783320020613. 
  9. ^ Greif, Gideon; Levin, Itamar (2015). Aufstand in Auschwitz: Die Revolte des jüdischen »Sonderkommandos« am 7. Oktober 1944 [Uprising in Auschwitz: The revolt of the Jewish "Sonderkommando" on October 7, 1944] (dalam bahasa Jerman). Böhlau Verlag. hlm. 28, 211. ISBN 978-3-412-22473-8. 
  10. ^ "Moll Otto". www.tenhumbergreinhard.de. Diakses tanggal 2022-10-02. 
  11. ^ "Dachau trials" (PDF). 

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