Kontroversi perbudakan di Tibet

Kontroversi perbudakan di Tibet adalah sebuah ketidaksepakatan publik atas keberadaan dan keadaan perbudakan di Tibet sebelum aneksasi Tibet ke Republik Rakyat Tiongkok (RRT) pada 1951. Perdebatan tersebut bersifat politik, dengan beberapa pihak berpendapat bahwa tujuan mutlak di pihak Tiongkok adalah untuk mengesahkan kekuasaan Tiongkok terhadap wilayah yang kini disebut sebagai Wilayah Otonomi Tibet atau Wilayah Otonomi Xizang, dan pihak lain berpendapat bahwa tujuan mutlak pada pihak Barat adalah untuk melemahkan atau menghancurkan negara Tiongkok. Pendapatnya adalah bahwa budaya, pemerintahan dan masyarakat Tibet bersifat barbarik sebelum RRT berkuasa di Tibet dan bahwa baru berubah karena kebijakan RRT di wilayah tersebut. Pendapat pro-gerakan kemerdekaan Tibet adalah bahwa itu adalah penjelasan salah terhadap sejarah yang dibuat sebagai alat politik dalam rangka untuk membenarkan Sinikisasi Tibet.[1]

Pemerintah Tiongkok umumnya mengklaim bahwa Tibet dari 1912 sampai 1951 adalah masyarakat feodal dan Dalai Lama ke-13 dan ke-14 adalah pemilik budak. Klaim berikutnya yang dikatakan oleh RRT adalah bahwa, sebelum 1959, 95% orang Tibet tinggal dalam perbudakan feodal,[2] dan mengutip kasus-kasus pelecehan dan kekejaman yang diduga diwarisi pada sistem Tibet tradisional.[3] Pihak-pihak pro-kemerdekaan Tibet dan negara-negara yang bersimpati terhadapnya, khususnya kebanyakan negara barat, sering kali menolak klaim Tiongkok tersebut.

Catatan

  1. ^ Powers 2004, pg. 7
  2. ^ "White Paper on Tibet's March Forward". Diakses tanggal 10 July 2008. 
  3. ^ Goldstein 1997, p.56

Referensi

Pranala luar

Read other articles:

Deai no TsuzukiSampul Jenis A Deai no TsuzukiLagu oleh Mayu WatanabeDirilis10 Juni 2015 (2015-06-10) (Jepang)FormatSingel CDGenreJ-popLabelSony Music JapanPenciptaYasushi Akimoto (lirik)ProduserYasushi AkimotoVideo musikMayu Watanabe Deai no Tsuzuki - YouTube Deai no Tsuzuki (出逢いの続きcode: ja is deprecated ) adalah singel ke-5 karya Mayu Watanabe, yang dirilis di Jepang pada 10 Juni 2015.[1] Perilisan Singel tersebut dirilis dalam empat versi: Edisi Lengkap Terbatas, Ed...

 

Untuk desa di Provinsi Bắc Giang, lihat Bình Sơn, Bắc Giang. Distrik Bình Sơn Huyện Bình SơnDistrikNegara VietnamWilayahPusat Pesisir SelatanProvinsiQuang NamPusatChau OLuas • Total179 sq mi (464 km2)Populasi (2003) • Total177.943Zona waktuUTC+7 (UTC + 7) Bình Sơn (listenⓘ) merupakan sebuah distrik (huyện) di provinsi Quang Ngai, wilayah Pusat Pesisir Selatan, Vietnam. Distrik ini merupakan tempat lahir dari pimpinan gerilya a...

 

16th-century mosque in Telangana, India Masjid E Qutub Shahiمسجد قطب شاہیMosque in 2018ReligionAffiliationIslamDistrictHyderabadOwnershipMuslimsLeadershipIncharge - Abdul BariLocationLocationHyderabadStateTelanganaCountryIndiaLocation in Hyderabad, TelanganaShow map of TelanganaMasjid E Qutub Shahi Langer Houz (India)Show map of IndiaGeographic coordinates17°22′44″N 78°25′05″E / 17.378758°N 78.417941°E / 17.378758; 78.417941ArchitectureTypeIndo-I...

I'm 10,000 Years oldAlbum studio karya Elvis PresleyDirilis2 Januari 1971DirekamJuni dan September 1970GenreCountry, country rock, rock and rollDurasi38:49LabelRCA RecordsProduserFelton JarvisKronologi Elvis Presley That's the Way It Is(1970)That's the Way It Is1970 Elvis Country (I'm 10,000 Years Old)(1971) You'll Never Walk Alone(1971)You'll Never Walk Alone1971 Singel dalam album Elvis Country I Really Don't Want to KnowDirilis: 8 Desember 1970 Penilaian profesional Skor ulasan Sumber ...

 

Los modelos keynesianos, son varios modelos económicos, generalmente basados en la interpretación neokeynesiana de los principios de la economía keynesiana, que buscan armonizar la percepción keynesiana y la neoclásica, concepciones que inicialmente se consideraban contrapuestas.[1]​[2]​ Los modelos keynesianos son utilizados para identificar el nivel de equilibrio y analizar las interrupciones de los mercados de bienes y servicios, es decir, estudiar los niveles relativos ta...

 

Town in Vermont, United StatesSharon, VermontTownBaxter Memorial LibraryLocation in Windsor County and the state of Vermont.Location of Vermont in the United StatesCoordinates: 43°46′25″N 72°26′38″W / 43.77361°N 72.44389°W / 43.77361; -72.44389CountryUnited StatesStateVermontCountyWindsorChartered1761Area • Total40.1 sq mi (103.8 km2) • Land39.6 sq mi (102.6 km2) • Water0.5 sq mi (1...

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Хостен. Дженнифер Хостенангл. Jennifer Hosten Дженнифер Хостен Дата рождения 31 октября 1947(1947-10-31) (76 лет) Место рождения Сент-Джорджес, State of Grenada Страна  State of Grenada Род деятельности дипломатка, модель, участница конкур...

 

This article lacks inline citations besides NRIS, a database which provides minimal and sometimes ambiguous information. Please help ensure the accuracy of the information in this article by providing inline citations to additional reliable sources. (November 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) United States historic placeJefferson County CourthouseU.S. National Register of Historic PlacesTexas State Antiquities Landmark Jefferson County CourthouseJefferson County Court...

 

La vieille ville de Tallinn après avoir été bombardée par les forces aériennes soviétiques en mars 1944. Immeuble en feu (estonien : vaekoda). La Luftwaffe allemande et l'aviation soviétique à longue portée ont bombardé plusieurs fois la capitale estonienne Tallinn pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. La première opération de ce genre a lieu pendant la guerre d'été de 1941 (dans le cadre de l'opération Barbarossa). Un certain nombre de missions de bombardement suivront en 1...

District in Sindh, PakistanMirpur Khas District ضلع میرپور خاصميرپور خاص ضلعو‎DistrictTop: Tombs at ChitorriBottom: Buddhist stupa at KahujodaroLocation of Mirpurkhas in Sindh provinceCoordinates: 25°33′02″N 069°00′11″E / 25.55056°N 69.00306°E / 25.55056; 69.00306Country PakistanProvince SindhDivisionMirpur KhasEstablished31 October 1990HeadquartersMirpur KhasGovernment • TypeDistrict Administration ...

 

Vidhan Sabha constituencySasaram Assembly constituencyConstituency No. 208 for the Bihar Legislative AssemblyConstituency detailsCountryIndiaRegionEast IndiaStateBiharDistrictRohtasReservationNone Elected year2020 Sasaram Assembly constituency is one of 243 legislative assembly of legislative assembly of Bihar. It comes under Sasaram lok sabha constituency.[1] Overview Sasaram comprises community blocks of Sasaram & Tilouthu.[2] Earlier Rohtas block and Nauhatta block also...

 

Spider behavior refers to the range of behaviors and activities performed by spiders. Spiders are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs and chelicerae with fangs that inject venom. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all other groups of organisms[1] which is reflected in their large diversity of behavior. Diet Almost all known spider species are predators, mostly preying on insects and on other spiders, although a few speci...

Science museum in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Portuguese. (September 2018) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Portuguese article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-past...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: As the World – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 1995 studio album by EcholynAs the WorldStudio album by EcholynReleasedMarch 7, 1995RecordedFebruary–June 1994StudioWoodlan...

 

English novelist (1866–1946) E. Phillips OppenheimEdward Phillips OppenheimBornEdward Phillips Oppenheim(1866-10-22)22 October 1866Tottenham, London, EnglandDied3 February 1946(1946-02-03) (aged 79)St. Peter Port, Guernsey, Channel Islands, UKPen nameAnthony Partridge (5 novels)OccupationNovelistPeriod1887–1943GenreThriller romances Blue plaque on Oppenheim's house in Evington, Leicester (now The Cedars pub) Edward Phillips Oppenheim (22 October 1866 – 3 February 1946) was an Engli...

For the biblical city of the same name and in the same vicinity, see Cabul. For the capital of Afghanistan, see Kabul. Local council in IsraelKabul כָּבּוּל, כאבול‎كابولLocal council (from 1974)Hebrew transcription(s) • ISO 259Kabbul • Also spelledal-Kabul (official)KabulShow map of Northwest IsraelKabulShow map of IsraelCoordinates: 32°52′11″N 35°12′8″E / 32.86972°N 35.20222°E / 32.86972; 35.20222Grid...

 

38°30′N 28°45′W / 38.5°N 28.75°W / 38.5; -28.75 (Azores hotspot)Volcanic hotspot at the Azores The Azores hotspot is marked 1 on map The Azores hotspot is a volcanic hotspot in the Northern Atlantic Ocean. The Azores is relatively young and is associated with a bathymetric swell, a gravity anomaly and ocean island basalt geochemistry.[1] The Azores hotspot lies just east of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge[2] Geological area The Azores domain comp...

 

2008 film The Last ThakurUK theatrical release posterDirected bySadik AhmedWritten by Sadik Ahmed Heather Taylor Produced by Atif Ghani Tamsin Lyons Starring Ahmed Rubel Tariq Anam Khan Tanveer Hassan CinematographySadik AhmedEdited byHugh WilliamsMusic by Kishon Khan Birger Clausen Distributed byArtificial EyeRelease dates 25 October 2008 (2008-10-25) (London Film Festival) 26 January 2009 (2009-01-26) (United Kingdom) Running time81 minutesCountryUnited...

Pagibang Damara is a festival in San Jose City, Nueva Ecija wherein its people celebrates to give thanks for a good harvest in line with their celebration of the City Fiesta on the second or third week of April every year.[1] History Damara A damara is a Tagalog word for a shelter or a shed made of bamboo and nipa that was built on ricefields as a protection for farmers from the sun or rain during planting and harvesting seasons.[2] Farmers and landlords particularly in the ci...

 

Peruvian actor of Spanish descent (born 1979) This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Joaquín de Orbegoso – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2014) (Learn how and whe...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!