Hutan konservasi

Hutan konservasi adalah kawasan hutan dengan ciri khas tertentu, yang mempunyai fungsi pokok pengawetan keanekaragaman tumbuhan dan satwa serta ekosistemnya. Payung hukum yang mengatur Hutan konservasi adalah Undang -Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya. (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1990 Nomor 49 dan Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 3419).

Hutan konservasi terdiri dari:

1) Kawasan Suaka Alam (KSA)

Kawasan suaka alam adalah kawasan dengan ciri khas tertentu, baik darat maupun di perairan yang mempunyai fungsi pokok sebagai kawasan pengawetan keanekaragaman tumbuhan dan satwa serta ekosistemnya yang juga berfungsi sebagai wilayah sistem penyangga kehidupan. KSA terdiri dari:

a) Cagar Alam

Cagar alam adalah kawasan suaka alam yang karena keadaannya alamnya mempunyai kekhasan tumbuhan, satwa, dan ekosistemnya atau ekosistem tertentu yang perlu dilindungi dan perkembangannya berlangsung secara alami.

b) Suaka Margasatwa

Suaka margasatwa adalah kawasan suaka alam yang mepunyai ciri khas berupa keanekaragaman dan/atau keunikan jenis satwa yang untuk kelangsungan hidupnya dapat dilakukan pembinaan terhadap habitatnya.

2) Kawasan Pelestarian Hutan (KPH)

Kawasan pelestarian alam adalah kawasan dengan ciri khas tertentu, baik di darat maupun di perairan yang mempunyai fungsi perlindungan sistem penyangga kehidupan, pengawetan keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan dan satwa, serta pemanfaatan secara lestari sumber daya alam hayati dan ekosistemnya. Kawasan pelestarian alam terdiri dari:

a) Taman Nasional

Taman Nasional adalah: kawasan pelestarian alam yang mempunyai ekosistem asli, dikelola dengan sistem zonasi yang dimanfaatkan untuk tujuan penelitian, ilmu pengetahuan, pendidikan, menunjang budidaya, pariwisata, dan rekreasi.

b) Taman Hutan Raya

Taman hutan raya adalah kawasan pelestarian alam untuk tujuan koleksi tumbuhan dan/atau satwa yang alami atau buatan, jenis asli dan atau bukan asli, yang dimanfaatkan bagi kepentingan penelitian, ilmu pengetahuan, pendidikan, menunjang budidaya, budidaya, pariwisata, dan rekreasi.

c) Taman Wisata Alam

Taman wisata alam adalah kawasan pelestarian alam yang terutama dimanfaatkan untuk pariwisata dan rekreasi alam.

Referensi

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