Hambatan populasi

Leher botol populasi

Hambatan populasi (atau leher botol populasi) adalah suatu kejadian evolusi adanya persentase jumlah individu dalam suatu populasi ataupun spesies yang mati ataupun tidak dapat berkembang biak.[1]

Hambatan populasi meningkatkan hanyutan genetik, karena laju hanyutan berbanding terbalik dengan ukuran populasi. Leher botol populasi juga meningkatkan perkawinan sekerabat oleh karena menurunnya jumlah pasangan yang memungkinkan.

Kasus lainnya yang sedikit berbeda dari hambatan populasi juga dapat terjadi apabila sekelompok kecil individu secara reproduktif terpisah dari populasi utama. Hal ini disebut sebagai efek pendiri.

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ "Population Bottleneck | Macmillan Genetics". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-06-09. Diakses tanggal 2009-12-12. 
  • Gilpin, M.E., & Soulé, M.E. (1986). Minimum viable populations: The processes of species extinctions. In M. Soulé (Ed.). Conservation biology: The science of scarcity and diversity, pp. 13–34. Sunderland Mass: Sinauer Associates.
  • Luenser, K., J. Fickel1, A. Lehnen, S. Speck and A. Ludwig. 2005. Low level of genetic variability in European bisons (Bison bonasus) from the Bialowieza National Park in Poland. European Journal of Wildlife Research 51 (2): 84-87.
  • Soulé, M. (Ed.). (1987). Viable populations for conservation. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.


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