Bessie Smith

Bessie Smith
1936 photograph by Carl Van Vechten
1936 photograph by Carl Van Vechten
Informasi latar belakang
Lahir(1894-04-15)15 April 1894
Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States
Meninggal26 September 1937(1937-09-26) (umur 43)
Clarksdale, Mississippi, United States
GenreBlues, Jazz
PekerjaanPenyanyu, Artis
InstrumenVocals
Tahun aktif1912–1937
LabelColumbia
Artis terkaitMa Rainey, Alberta Hunter, Ethel Waters

Bessie Smith ( lahir 15 April 1894; meninggal 26 September 1937) adalah seorang penyanyi beraliran blues Amerika Serikat.[1] Ia terkenal dengan nama panggian The Empress of the Blues, nama asli Elisabeth Smith,[1] terkenal pada tahun 1920an and 1930an.[2] Dia sering disebut sebagai diva bersama Louis Armstrong, seorang vokalis ternama beraliran jazz.[3]

Bessie Smith belajar kepada Marainey, yang juga penyanyi blues.[1] Bessie sendiri berkembang karena memiliki suara yang kaya (merdu) dan memiliki intensitas dramatiki.[1] Ia menjalani rekaman pertamanya di Columbia Records pada tahun 1923, hasilnya diberi judul Down hearted Blues.[1] Album itu meledak di pasaran dan diikuti oleh 150 rekaman lainnya, termasuk Jealous hearted Blues, Jailhouse Blues, dan Cold in hand Blues. Selain bersama Louis Amstrong, karya-karya tersebut sering dinyanyikan bersama Fletcher Henderson.[1] Bessie Smith meninggal dalam sebuah kecelakaan mobil.[1] Ia meninggal karena pada saat itu rumah sakit yang didatangi menolak merawat Bessie karena ia berkulit hitam.[1]

Rujukan

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h (Indonesia)Hassan Shadily & Redaksi Ensiklopedi Indonesia (Red & Peny)., Ensiklopedi Indonesia Jilid 6 (SHI-VAJ). Jakarta: Ichtiar Baru-van Hoeve, hal. 3224
  2. ^ Jasen, David A.; Gene Jones (September 1998). Spreadin' Rhythm Around: Black Popular Songwriters, 1880–1930. Schirmer Books. hlm. 289. ISBN 978-0-02-864742-5. 
  3. ^ Bessie Smith at sparknotes.com

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