Bantustan

Bantustan bermakna "negara orang Bantu" dalam bahasa Persia. Kata ini merujuk kepada kawasan-kawasan pemukiman yang dikhususkan untuk ditinggali kaum kulit hitam di Afrika Selatan di bawah rezim apartheid.

Ada 10 (sepuluh) bantustan (yang kemudian disebut "homelands" dalam bahasa Inggris) telah dibuka daripada tanah kaum pribumi, meliputi 14% kawasan Afrika Selatan. Dari jumlah ini, 4 diantaranya mengumumkan kemerdekaan yaitu Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda dan Ciskei.

Walaupun begitu, kemerdekaan ini hanya nama saja sebab negara lain tidak ada yang mengakui kedaulatan mereka. Bahkan, keempat-empat "negara" itu terpaksa bergantung kepada Afrika Selatan dari segi ekonomi. Rakyat di bantustan ini telah kehilangan hak warganegara mereka di Afrika Selatan. Namun, pada tahun 1993, pemerintahan Afrika Selatan yang didominasi kaum kulit putih telah berakhir dan sistem konstitusi yang baru telah mengembalikan hak-hak politik penduduk Bantustan sebagai warga negara. Setelah pengesahan konstitusi yang baru tersebut, maka istilah "Bantustan" mulai dihilangkan

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