Abdul Qadeer Khan

Dr Abdul Qadeer Khan Templat:Medium
Khan in 2019
Lahir	(1936-04-01)1 April 1936 Bhopal, Negara Bagian Bhopal, India Britania
Meninggal	10 Oktober 2021(2021-10-10) (umur 85) Islamabad, Pakistan
Kebangsaan	Pakistani
Pendidikan	msc
Almamater	University of Karachi Delft University of Technology Catholic University of Louvain D. J. Sindh Government Science College[1]
Dikenal atas	Pakistan's nuclear weapons program, gaseous diffusion, martensite and graphene morphology
Anak	5
Penghargaan	Nishan-i-Imtiaz (1996;1999) Hilal-i-Imtiaz (1989)
Karier ilmiah
Bidang	Metallurgical Engineering
Institusi	Khan Research Laboratories GIK Institute of Technology Hamdard University Urenco Group
Disertasi	The effect of morphology on the strength of copper-based martensites (1974)
Pembimbing doktoral	Martin J. Brabers[2]
Penasihat Ilmu Pengetahuan Sekretarian Kepresidenan
Masa jabatan 1 Januari 2001 – 31 Januari 2004
Presiden	Pervez Musharraf
Pendahulu Ishfaq Ahmad Pengganti Atta-ur-Rahman
Informasi pribadi
Partai politik	Tehreek-e-Tahaffuz-e-Pakistan (2012-2013)
Situs web	draqkhan.com.pk

Abdul Qadeer Khan, NI, HI, FPAS (/ˈɑːbdəl ˈkɑːdɪər ˈkɑːn/ simak^ⓘ; bahasa Urdu: عبد القدیر خان; 1 April 1936 – 10 Oktober 2021)^[4]), dikenal lewat singkatannya A. Q. Khan, adalah fisikawan nuklir dan insinyur metalurgi Pakistan yang dikenal sebagai bapak program senjata atom Pakistan.

Kehidupan masa kecil dan pendidikan

Lihat pula: Muhajir (Pakistan)

Abdul Qadeer Khan lahir pada 1 April 1936 di Bhopal, sebuah kota yang dulunya terletak di Negara Bagian Bhopal, India Britania, dan sekarang ibu kota Madhya Pradesh. Keluarganya sendiri beretnis Pashtun.^[1][5] Ayahnya, Abdul Ghafoor, ialah sebagai guru sekolah yang pernah bekerja di Kementerian Pendidikan, dan ibunya, Zulekha, adalah seorang ibu rumah tangga dengan pola pikir yang sangat religius.^[6] Kakak kandungnya bersama anggota keluarga lainnya berpindah ke Pakistan semasa pemisahan India pada tahun 1947.^[7]

Peninggalan

Nishan-e-Imtiaz (1999) Nishan-e-Imtiaz (1996) Hilal-e-Imtiaz (1989) Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology[8] 60 Gold medal from universities in the country.[8]

University of Karachi[8] Baqai Medical University[9] Hamdard University[8] Gomal University[8] University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore[8]

Penerbitan

Penelitian dan paten

Fisika nuklir dan material

• Dilation investigation of metallic phase transformation in 18% Ni maraging steels, Proceedings of the International Conf. on Martensitic Transformations (1986), The Japan Institute of Metals, pp. 560–565.
• The spread of Nuclear weapons among nations: Militarization or Development, pp. 417–430. (Ref. Nuclear War Nuclear Proliferation and their consequences "Proceedings of the 5th International Colloquium organised by the Group De Bellerive Geneva 27–29 June 1985", Edited by: Sadruddin Aga Khan, Published by Clarendon Press-Oxford 1986).
• Flow-induced vibrations in Gas-tube assembly of centrifuges. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 23(9) (September 1986), pp. 819–827.
• Dimensional anisotropy in 18% of maraging steel,^[10] Seven National Symposium on Frontiers in Physics, written with Anwar-ul-Haq, Mohammad Farooq, S. Qaisar, published at the Pakistan Physics Society (1998).
• Thermodynamics of Non-equilibrium phases in Electron-beam rapid solidification,^[11] Proceedings of the Second National Symposium on Frontiers in Physics, written with A. Tauqeer, Fakhar Hashmi, publisher Pakistan Physics Society (1988).

Buku

• Khan, Abdul Qadeer (1972). Advances in Physical Metallurgy (dalam bahasa Inggris, Jerman, and Belanda). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier Press. 
• Khan, Abdul Qadeer (1983). Metallurgical Thermodynamics and Kinetics (dalam bahasa Inggris, Jerman, and Belanda). Islamabad, Pakistan: The Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences. 
• Khan, Abdul Qadeer; Hussain, Syed Shabbir; Kamran, Mujahid (1997). Dr. A.Q. Khan on science and education. Islamabad, Pakistan: Sang-e-Meel Publications. ISBN 978-969-35-0821-5. 

Lihat pula

• Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Computer Sciences and Information Technology
• Dr. A. Q. Khan Research Laboratories
• Konservatisme di Pakistan

Referensi

Kutipan

1. "Overview of Dr.Abdul Qadeer Khan's Life on his 83rd Birth Anniversary". ARY News. 1 April 2019. Diakses tanggal 19 September 2021. 
2. "The Wrath of Khan". The Atlantic. 4 February 2004. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-05-14. Diakses tanggal 26 September 2010. 
3. Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Pakistan
4. Abdul Qadeer Khan di Encyclopædia Britannica
5. "Tribute to Dr A Q Khan". Pakistan Observer (newpaper). 2 April 2021. Diakses tanggal 19 September 2021. 
6. "Chronology: A.Q. Khan". The New York Times. 16 April 2006. 
7. "Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan". storyofpakistan.com. Islamabad: Story of Pakistan Press Foundation. 17 October 2013. hlm. 1. Diakses tanggal 22 January 2015. 
8. Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Pakistan Academy of Sciences
9. Khan, Abdul Qadeer (1998). "Islamic Academy of Sciences Fellowship members". Islamic Academy of Sciences. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 28 January 2002.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
10. Murtaza, Ghulam; Zhahour Ahmad (21 November 1998). "Condense Matter Physics" (PDF). Seven National Symposium on Frontiers in Physics. 7. 7 (7): 2/3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2015-12-31. Diakses tanggal 16 January 2012. 
11. "Frontiers in Physics" (PDF). 13 December 1988. Proceedings of the Second National Symposium on Frontiners in Physics. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2013-05-23. Diakses tanggal 16 January 2012. 

Daftar pustaka

• Burr, William. "The 'Labors of Atlas, Sisyphus, or Hercules'? US Gas-Centrifuge Policy and Diplomacy, 1954–60." The International History Review 37.3 (2015): 431–457.
• Khan, Abdul Qadeer (2010). "§Sehar Honay Tak: Dr. A.Q. Khan gave us the sense of security, Javed Hashmi.". Dalam Khan, Abdul Qadeer. Sehar Honay Tak. Islamabad, Pakistan: Ali Masud books publication. hlm. 1–158. 
• Upadhyaya, Gopal S. (2011). "§Dr. A.Q. Khan of Pakistan". Men of Metals and Materials: My Memoires. Bloomington, Indiana, United States: iUniverse.com. hlm. 138–140. 
• Rahman, Shahid (1998). "§Dr. A. Q. Khan: Nothing Succeed like Success". Dalam Rahman, Shahid. Long Road to Chagai. Islamabad, Pakistan: Printwise publication. hlm. 49–60. ISBN 969-8500-00-6. 
• Fitzpatrick, Mark (2007). "§Dr. A. Q. Khan and the rise and fall of proliferation network". Nuclear black markets. London, United Kingdom: International Institute for Strategic Studies. ISBN 978-0-86079-201-7. 
• Kan, Shirley A. (2009). "§A.Q. Khan's nuclear network". China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy issues. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service (CRS). hlm. 5–6. 
• (BIIP), Bureau of International Information Programs (2005). "§A.Q. Khan and the nuclear market". Dalam Cooney, Thomas E.; Denny, David Anthony. E=mc²: Today's Nuclear Equation. Washington, DC: United States: Judith S. Seagal. hlm. 1–40 [30–33]. 
• Bernstein, Jeremy (2008). Physicists on Wall Street and other essays on science and society. New York: Springer. ISBN 978-0387765068. 

Anekdot

Annotated bibliography for A.Q. Khan Diarsipkan 2007-07-14 di Wayback Machine. The Physics war of Munir Khan and A.Q. Khan "The Wrath of Khan". The Atlantic Monthly. November 2005.  "Kahuta Research Laboratories", Federation of American Scientists. "Unraveling the A. Q. Khan and Future Proliferation Networks". The Washington Quarterly. Spring 2005. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2005-04-07. Diakses tanggal 2021-10-12.

"Tracking the technology". Nuclear Engineering International. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 27 December 2004.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan) "BBC profile". BBC.  "Pakistan's Nuclear Father, Master Spy". MSNBC. ^[pranala nonaktif permanen] British Reporter Adrian Levy: The United States Secretly Helped Pakistan Build Its Nuclear Arsenal "Are-Pakistani-Ahmadis-Loyal-to-their-Homeland". Pakistani Tribune.

Pranala luar

• Situs web resmi
• Abdul Quadeer Khan at the Pakistan Academy of Sciences
• Prof. Abdul Qadeer Khan at the Islamic Academy of Sciences
• Why He Went Nuclear by Douglas Frantz and Catherine Collins

Ditulis oleh Abdul Qadeer Khan

• Heart disease Random thoughts 11 June 2012
• More on thalassemia 4 June 2012
• Memorable Karachi 28 May 2012
• Great expectations 14 May 2012
• Mass graves 30 April 2012
• I saved my country 1 November 2012

Buku daring

• Scott-Clark, Adrian Levy & Catherine (2007). Deception: Pakistan, the United States, and the secret trade in nuclear weapons (edisi ke-1st). New York: Walker & Co. ISBN 978-0-8027-1554-8. 
• Upadhyaya, Gopal S. (1 May 2011). "Dr. A.Q. Khan of Pakistan". Men of metals and materials: my memoirs. Bloomington, IN: iUniverse. hlm. 138. ISBN 978-1-4620-1840-6. 

Jabatan pemerintahan
Didahului oleh: Ishfaq Ahmad	Science Advisor to the Presidential Secretariat 1 January 2001 – 31 January 2004	Diteruskan oleh: Atta ur Rahman

Templat:Project-706 Templat:Pakistanspaceagency